本文選題：CMC隔膜 + 鎳氫電池��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鎳氫電池是一種新型化學(xué)電源，具有比能量高、安全性能好、良好的循環(huán)充放電性能等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，被確定為近期和中期的首選動力電池。隔膜作為鎳氫電池的重要組成部分，其優(yōu)劣直接影響到電池的容量、放電電壓、自放電等性能。我國隔膜的生產(chǎn)尚處于初級階段，絕大多數(shù)高性能鎳氫電池采用進(jìn)口隔膜，因此開發(fā)高性能電池隔膜、改善我國隔膜生產(chǎn)技術(shù)對我國電池能源的應(yīng)用具有重要意義。 基于非織造材料的吸液過程符合毛細(xì)吸水差動效應(yīng)的特點(diǎn)，本課題采用熔融共混的方法將親水性添加劑CHA與聚丙烯（PP）切片制備成親水熔噴基布（Meltblown,簡稱M），對比分析其與商業(yè)純PP熔噴基布的性能差異；然后將經(jīng)過開松梳理制備的PP短纖維網(wǎng)（Cardingweb，簡稱C）與熔噴基布按照短纖維網(wǎng)/熔噴/短纖維網(wǎng)的次序疊合，疊合纖維網(wǎng)再經(jīng)水刺復(fù)合和熱軋?zhí)幚沓尚蜑橥鈱涌讖酱蟆?nèi)層孔徑小的CMC復(fù)合隔膜，并分析水刺壓力、熱軋溫度、熱軋時間及熱軋壓力對CMC復(fù)合隔膜性能的影響，最后選取商業(yè)磺化隔膜作參照樣，對比分析幾類隔膜的性能及其裝配的電池的循環(huán)性能和儲存性能。 本課題通過以上研究，得到如下結(jié)論： （1）相比純PP熔噴基布，親水熔噴基布結(jié)構(gòu)蓬松，拉伸強(qiáng)力低，具有良好的浸潤性能和吸液性能。 （2）CMC復(fù)合隔膜的拉伸強(qiáng)力隨著最大水刺壓力的增加先增加后減小，且都能夠滿足電池對隔膜的要求；CMC復(fù)合隔膜的厚度、透氣率、吸堿率隨著最大水刺壓力的增加而減小，吸堿率都超過500%，優(yōu)于一般商業(yè)隔膜；綜合水刺工藝對CMC各項(xiàng)性能的影響，最佳水刺工藝為：水針板至輸網(wǎng)簾的距離為20mm，，輸網(wǎng)簾速度2m/min，預(yù)水刺壓力為25bar，正反各水刺兩道，最高水刺壓力為40~60bar。 （3）熱軋?zhí)幚砗�，CMC復(fù)合隔膜的密度增加，厚度、孔隙率、最大孔徑、平均孔徑等性能明顯減小，能夠滿足電池對隔膜的要求，且CMC復(fù)合隔膜的透氣率和吸堿率也隨著熱軋溫度、熱軋時間及熱軋壓力的增加而呈現(xiàn)減小的趨勢；熱軋溫度是影響CMC隔膜綜合性能的關(guān)鍵因素，其合適的范圍為80~90℃，考慮到經(jīng)濟(jì)成本，熱軋時間和熱軋壓力分別采用15s和1MPa。 （4）相比商業(yè)磺化隔膜，CMC復(fù)合隔膜表現(xiàn)出良好的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性和吸液性能，其耐堿損失率不超過1%，中間層為純PP熔噴基布的CMC隔膜的吸堿率與商業(yè)磺化隔膜相差不多，表明CMC復(fù)合隔膜的外層孔徑大、內(nèi)層孔徑小的結(jié)構(gòu)利于提高其吸液性能。 （5）中間層為純PP熔噴基布的CMC復(fù)合隔膜組裝的電池的最大放電比容量最小，僅為202.6mAh/g，商業(yè)磺化隔膜裝配的電池的放電比容量最大，為282.6mAh/g，中間層為親水熔噴基布的CMC復(fù)合隔膜組裝的電池的最大放電比容量隨著CMC復(fù)合隔膜熔噴層中CHA添加比例的增加而增大；CMC復(fù)合隔膜組裝的電池的放電比容量保持率較好，存儲30天后的自放電率低，表現(xiàn)出更加優(yōu)越的存儲性能。 通過三類隔膜結(jié)構(gòu)性能和電池性能的對比可以得出，親水熔噴基布制備的CMC復(fù)合隔膜因具有良好的保液性能和化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性，使得其組裝的電池表現(xiàn)出更佳的循環(huán)性能和儲存性能。因3種親水熔噴基布制備的CMC復(fù)合隔膜差異不大，考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)成本，CHA添加比例為5%更適宜商業(yè)生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:Nickel - hydrogen battery is a new type of chemical power supply , which has the advantages of high specific energy , good safety performance , good cycle charge - discharge performance and so on . The diaphragm is an important part of nickel - hydrogen battery . Its advantages and disadvantages directly affect the capacity , discharge voltage and self - discharge performance of the battery . The production of diaphragm in China is still in the primary stage . Therefore , it is of great significance to develop high - performance battery diaphragm and improve the technology of diaphragm production in China .

Based on the characteristics of capillary water absorption differential effect , the hydrophilic additive CHA and polypropylene ( PP ) were prepared by melt blending method .
then the PP short fiber web ( C ) prepared by opening and carding and the melt - blown base cloth are laminated according to the order of the short fiber web / meltblown / short fiber web , the laminated fiber net is formed into a CMC composite diaphragm with large outer diameter and small inner diameter by hydroentanglement and hot rolling treatment , and the influence of the water spike pressure , the hot rolling temperature , the hot rolling time and the hot rolling pressure on the performance of the CMC composite diaphragm is analyzed , and finally , the commercial sulfonated diaphragm is selected as reference sample , and the performance of the diaphragm and the cycle performance and storage performance of the assembled battery are compared .

Based on the above study , the following conclusions are obtained :

( 1 ) Compared with the pure PP melt - blown base cloth , the hydrophilic melt - blown base cloth has a fluffy structure and a low tensile strength , and has good wetting performance and liquid - absorbing performance .

( 2 ) the tensile strength of the CMC composite diaphragm increases with the increase of the maximum water spike pressure , and can meet the requirement of the battery to the diaphragm ;
The thickness , air permeability and alkali absorption rate of CMC composite diaphragm decrease with the increase of the maximum water spike pressure , and the alkali absorption rate is more than 500 % , which is superior to the general commercial membrane ;
The effect of the comprehensive water needling process on the properties of CMC is that : the distance between the water needle plate and the transmission screen is 20 mm , the speed of the transmission screen is 2 m / min , the pre - water spike pressure is 25 bar , the front and back each water spike is 2 channels , and the maximum water spike pressure is 40 to 60 bar .

( 3 ) After hot rolling treatment , the density of CMC composite diaphragm increased , the thickness , porosity , the maximum pore diameter , the average pore diameter and the like were obviously reduced , the requirement of the battery to the diaphragm can be met , and the air permeability and the alkali absorption rate of the CMC composite diaphragm also show a decreasing trend with the increase of hot rolling temperature , hot rolling time and hot rolling pressure ;
The hot rolling temperature is the key factor which affects the comprehensive performance of CMC diaphragm . Its suitable range is 80 锝

本文編號：1775145