本文選題：碳微球 + ZnO　； 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氧化鋅(ZnO)是一種重要的功能材料,在催化、化妝品、醫(yī)藥、太陽能等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。作為最早使用的半導(dǎo)體氣敏材料之一,ZnO具有制備簡(jiǎn)單、價(jià)格便宜、無毒性、穩(wěn)定性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來,人們制備了多種形貌的ZnO材料,如ZnO納米線、ZnO納米棒、ZnO納米顆粒以及花狀、管狀等形貌,ZnO的不同形貌表現(xiàn)出不同的氣敏性能和選擇性,但最終目標(biāo)是要找到一種穩(wěn)定性好,選擇性好,工作溫度低,靈敏度高的材料。本論文以碳微球作為犧牲模版,采用吸附-煅燒的方法,通過多種調(diào)控措施,合成了ZnO實(shí)心球和ZnO多殼層空心結(jié)構(gòu)的納米微球,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了大量的表征。以無水乙醇和甲醛作為目標(biāo)氣體,采用靜態(tài)配氣法研究了不同殼層的ZnO空心微球的氣敏性能,對(duì)氣敏性能最好的三殼層ZnO空心微球進(jìn)行了Sn元素的摻雜和Ag單質(zhì)的負(fù)載,得到了摻雜Sn和負(fù)載Ag的三殼層ZnO空心微球,并對(duì)其氣敏性能進(jìn)行了測(cè)試和研究。本論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：首先以蔗糖為原料在水熱體系中合成了不同尺寸的碳微球,以此作為犧牲模版合成了不同殼層的ZnO空心納米微球。對(duì)碳微球進(jìn)行了紅外光譜(IR)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和熱重分析(TG)的表征。Zeta電位表征顯示碳微球表面帶有負(fù)電荷,紅外表征顯示碳微球表面含有大量-OH和.COOH,掃描電子顯微鏡表征顯示碳微球表面有大量的微孔,這些特征都有利于碳微球?qū)饘傺蹼x子的吸附。其次用水熱吸附—煅燒的方法,通過調(diào)節(jié)前驅(qū)體濃度、吸附溫度、吸附時(shí)間、溶劑組成、升溫速率、煅燒程序等一系列方法合成了ZnO實(shí)心球、ZnO單殼層、ZnO雙殼層和ZnO三殼層空心納米微球,并對(duì)這四種納米材料進(jìn)行了SEM、TEM、X射線粉末衍射(XRD)、能量色散X射線光譜(EDX)、TG和氮?dú)馕奖缺砻鏈y(cè)試(BET)等表征。對(duì)以上材料進(jìn)行了乙醇和甲醛氣體的氣敏性能測(cè)試研究。氣敏測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示ZnO三殼層納米空心微球的氣敏性能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于ZnO實(shí)心球、ZnO單殼層空心微球和ZnO雙殼層空心微球。選取氣敏性能最好的ZnO三殼層空心納米微球,通過共吸附的方法進(jìn)行了Sn元素的摻雜,又通過硼氫化鈉還原法進(jìn)行Ag單質(zhì)的負(fù)載,合成了基于ZnO三殼層納米空心微球的SnO2-ZnO、Ag/ZnO、SnO2-Ag/ZnO三殼層納米空心微球,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了EDX等表征,并對(duì)這三種ZnO納米空心微球材料進(jìn)行了乙醇?xì)怏w的氣敏性能測(cè)試和研究。結(jié)果顯示Sn元素?fù)诫s對(duì)ZnO空心納米材料的靈敏度有少量提高,而Ag單質(zhì)的負(fù)載對(duì)其氣敏性能提升較大。最后對(duì)上述經(jīng)過摻雜或負(fù)載的ZnO空心微球材料進(jìn)行了其他氣體的氣敏性能測(cè)試,例如丙酮,甲醇,甲醛,氨水,三氯甲烷等。
[Abstract]:Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an important functional material, which is widely used in catalysis, cosmetics, medicine, solar energy and so on.As one of the earliest semiconductor gas sensing materials, ZnO has many advantages, such as simple preparation, low price, non-toxicity, good stability and so on. In recent years, many morphologies of ZnO materials have been prepared.For example, ZnO nanowires, ZnO nanorods, flower-like, tubular and other morphologies show different gas-sensing properties and selectivity, but the ultimate goal is to find a kind of good stability, good selectivity and low working temperature.A material of high sensitivityIn this paper, carbon microspheres were used as sacrificial templates. By means of adsorption-calcination method, ZnO solid spheres and ZnO multi-shell hollow nanospheres were synthesized and characterized.Using anhydrous ethanol and formaldehyde as the target gas, the gas-sensing properties of ZnO hollow microspheres with different shell layers were studied by static gas distribution method. Sn doping and Ag loading were carried out on the three-shell ZnO hollow microspheres with the best gas sensitivity.Three-shell ZnO hollow microspheres doped with Sn and Ag were obtained and their gas-sensing properties were tested and studied.The main contents of this thesis are as follows: firstly, carbon microspheres of different sizes were synthesized in hydrothermal system using sucrose as raw material, and then ZnO hollow microspheres with different shell layers were synthesized as sacrificial templates.The characterization of carbon microspheres by IR, SEM (SEM) and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) showed that the surface of carbon microspheres was negatively charged.Infrared analysis showed that there were a lot of -OH and .COOH on the surface of carbon microspheres, and scanning electron microscopy showed that there were a lot of micropores on the surface of carbon microspheres, which were favorable to the adsorption of metal oxygen ions on carbon microspheres.Secondly, by adjusting the concentration of precursor, adsorption temperature, adsorption time, solvent composition and heating rate,A series of methods, such as calcination procedure, have been used to synthesize ZnO solid spheres, single shell ZnO double shell and ZnO three-shell hollow nanospheres.The four nanomaterials were characterized by SEMMOTEMN X-ray powder diffraction (XRDX), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) TG and nitrogen adsorption specific surface test (BET).The gas sensing properties of ethanol and formaldehyde were studied.The gas sensing results show that the gas sensing properties of ZnO trishell hollow microspheres are much higher than that of ZnO solid spheres and ZnO double shell hollow microspheres.The hollow ZnO hollow microspheres with the best gas-sensing properties were selected, and Sn was doped by co-adsorption method, and Ag was loaded by sodium borohydride reduction method.Sno _ 2-ZnO _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) nanospheres were synthesized and characterized by EDX. The gas sensing properties of these three kinds of ZnO hollow microspheres were tested and studied by ethanol gas.The results show that the sensitivity of Sn doping to ZnO hollow nanomaterials is slightly improved, while the gas sensing properties of Ag loaded on hollow nanomaterials are greatly improved.Finally, the gas-sensing properties of the doped or loaded ZnO hollow microspheres were tested for other gases, such as acetone, methanol, formaldehyde, ammonia water, chloroform and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ132.41;TB383.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1774166