本文選題：水網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 夾點(diǎn)法　； 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水資源短缺是人類目前面臨的重大問題,節(jié)水減排已成為企業(yè)追求生產(chǎn)效率和保護(hù)環(huán)境等方面的重點(diǎn),以節(jié)約新鮮水、減少廢水為目的水網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化技術(shù)受到了越來越多的關(guān)注。為應(yīng)對(duì)全球可利用水資源短缺日益嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)狀,在提倡可持續(xù)發(fā)展的形勢(shì)下,世界各國對(duì)水資源的合理利用及廢水的處理方式提出了更高的要求。本文在對(duì)比水網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化常用方法的基礎(chǔ)上,分析其各自存在的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及適用范圍,確定使用夾點(diǎn)法來研究本文所要優(yōu)化的只考慮單雜質(zhì)的用水網(wǎng)絡(luò)。介紹了夾點(diǎn)法的主要分析步驟:利用濃度—負(fù)荷曲線或問題表法確定夾點(diǎn)位置并得到最小新鮮水流率、根據(jù)需要選用最大傳質(zhì)推動(dòng)力法或最小匹配數(shù)法對(duì)所研究水網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的各級(jí)水流進(jìn)行合理分配、明確每級(jí)用水管線的分配水量并做出水網(wǎng)絡(luò)分配圖。分析某石化廠用水單元現(xiàn)狀,收集有效數(shù)據(jù)并進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,篩選出具有優(yōu)化價(jià)值的用水單元,最終選取含有六個(gè)用水單元的水網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為研究對(duì)象,以懸浮物為其關(guān)鍵雜質(zhì),利用夾點(diǎn)法進(jìn)行水網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化改造:首先采用問題表法求出最小新鮮水流率,再運(yùn)用最小匹配數(shù)法確定各級(jí)流量分配關(guān)系,得到水網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化后的水流分配圖。改造之前新鮮水用量為210t/h,改造之后新鮮水用量降為90t/h,節(jié)水率為57.14%,優(yōu)化之后的水網(wǎng)絡(luò)最大程度提高了水的利用率,實(shí)現(xiàn)了水流梯級(jí)利用。運(yùn)用濃度—負(fù)荷曲線計(jì)算夾點(diǎn)來確定最小新鮮水流率的過程中,需要通過移動(dòng)供水線來取得與濃度—負(fù)荷曲線的交點(diǎn),如果所取交點(diǎn)不準(zhǔn)確將對(duì)最小新鮮水流率的確定產(chǎn)生偏差,而運(yùn)用問題表法計(jì)算將能夠得到準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù),然而當(dāng)所研究水網(wǎng)絡(luò)中用水單元較多時(shí),運(yùn)用問題表法計(jì)算最小新鮮水流量的過程將變得十分繁瑣,計(jì)算過程中出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的幾率也大大提高,本文采用Visual Basic編程設(shè)計(jì)出可實(shí)現(xiàn)問題表法計(jì)算過程的計(jì)算軟件,該軟件包括窗體模塊和程序命令編輯模塊兩部分。窗體模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)需求數(shù)據(jù)的輸入和最終結(jié)果的輸出,程序命令編輯模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算過程的計(jì)算機(jī)化。該軟件適用于有確定用水單元的水網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算過程,人機(jī)交互界面清晰,數(shù)據(jù)輸入與輸出過程簡(jiǎn)潔,程序命令簡(jiǎn)單易懂。為了應(yīng)對(duì)所研究水網(wǎng)絡(luò)中用水單元可能出現(xiàn)增減的情況,采用Matlab與Excel相結(jié)合的方法計(jì)算最小新鮮水流率。運(yùn)用Matlab軟件編輯實(shí)現(xiàn)問題表法計(jì)算要求的M文件,在M文件中增加調(diào)用用來輸入已知數(shù)據(jù)Excel文件的命令,并將問題表法計(jì)算過程中每一步驟的計(jì)算結(jié)果在另外一個(gè)Excel中顯示。Matlab和Excel的組合在求解水網(wǎng)絡(luò)最小新鮮水流率的過程中不受制于所研究用水單元個(gè)數(shù)的限制,并且在顯示輸出數(shù)據(jù)的Excel中包含了問題表法計(jì)算過程中每一步的計(jì)算結(jié)果,便于驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:The shortage of water resources is a major problem facing mankind at present. Water saving and emission reduction has become the focus of enterprises in the pursuit of production efficiency and environmental protection. Water network optimization technology for the purpose of saving fresh water and reducing wastewater has been paid more and more attention.In order to cope with the increasingly serious shortage of available water resources in the world, under the situation of advocating sustainable development, countries all over the world have put forward higher requirements for the rational utilization of water resources and the treatment of wastewater.On the basis of comparing the common methods of water network optimization, this paper analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages and their applicable scope, and determines to use the pinch method to study the water use network which only considers single impurity to be optimized in this paper.The main analytical steps of the pinch method are introduced in this paper: using the concentration-load curve or the problem table method to determine the location of the pinch point and to obtain the minimum fresh water flow rate.According to the need, the maximum mass transfer driving force method or the minimum matching number method are selected to rationally distribute the water flow in the studied water network, and the water distribution quantity of each stage water pipeline is determined and the distribution diagram of the water network is made.The present situation of water unit in a petrochemical plant is analyzed, the effective data is collected and compared, and the water unit with optimized value is screened out. Finally, the water network with six water units is selected as the research object, and the suspended substance is regarded as the key impurity.The method of pinch point is used to optimize the water network. Firstly, the minimum fresh water flow rate is obtained by using the problem table method, and then the distribution relationship between different levels of flow is determined by the method of minimum matching number, and the flow distribution diagram after the optimization of the water network is obtained.The dosage of fresh water was 210 t / h before revamping, the dosage of fresh water decreased to 90 t / h, and the water saving rate was 57.14. The optimized water network improved the water utilization rate to the greatest extent and realized the cascade utilization of water flow.In the process of determining the minimum fresh water flow rate by using the concentration load curve to calculate the pinch point, it is necessary to obtain the intersection point with the concentration load curve by moving the water supply line.If the intersection points are not accurate, the minimum fresh water flow rate will be deviated, and the accurate data can be obtained by using the problem table method. However, when there are more water units in the water network studied,The process of calculating the minimum fresh water flow by using the problem table method will become very complicated, and the probability of errors in the calculation process will be greatly increased. In this paper, a calculation software is designed by using Visual Basic to realize the calculation process of the problem table method.The software includes form module and program command editing module.The form module realizes the input of the requirement data and the output of the final result, and the program command editing module realizes the computerization of the calculation process.The software is suitable for the calculation process of water network with definite water unit. The interface of human-computer interaction is clear, the process of data input and output is simple, and the program command is simple and easy to understand.In order to deal with the possible increase or decrease of water unit in the studied water network, the minimum fresh water flow rate is calculated by combining Matlab and Excel.Using Matlab software to edit the M file required by the problem table method, adding the command to input the known data Excel file into the M file.The results of each step of the problem table method in another Excel show that the combination of. Matlab and Excel is not limited by the number of water units studied in the process of solving the minimum fresh water flow rate of the water network.And the Excel which displays the output data contains the calculation results of each step in the calculation process of the problem table method, which is easy to verify.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ085;TQ021.8

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本文編號(hào)：1773143