本文選題：除油旋流器 + 液滴運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：油水分離水力旋流器是現(xiàn)代石油化工行業(yè)中的一種非常重要的物理分離設(shè)備,廣泛應(yīng)用于原油開(kāi)采分離和含油廢水處理領(lǐng)域。旋流分離過(guò)程中的液滴運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律是影響其分離效率的重要因素,在液滴運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的破碎現(xiàn)象很大程度上降低了油水分離效率,這一現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)引起旋流分離領(lǐng)域的廣泛關(guān)注,是液-液旋流分離技術(shù)發(fā)展過(guò)程中必須解決的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,具有重要的理論研究意義和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文采用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)FLUENT軟件對(duì)除油水力旋流器內(nèi)的油滴運(yùn)動(dòng)和油滴破碎現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:通過(guò)對(duì)比計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)值模擬方法中的不同數(shù)學(xué)模型,選擇雷諾應(yīng)力模型和離散相模型模擬了除油水力旋流器在入口油滴粒徑分別為10μm、20μm、30μm、40μm、50μm、60μm時(shí)的油滴運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,研究了油滴粒徑、分流比、入口流量等參數(shù)對(duì)除油分離效率的影響。結(jié)果表明,數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本吻合,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值模擬的可靠性;油滴的分離區(qū)域主要集中在旋流器內(nèi)的圓柱段、大錐段及小錐段上半部分;隨著入口油滴粒徑的增大,旋流器分離效率不斷增加;隨著分流比和入口流量的增大,分離效率都表現(xiàn)為先增大后基本不變;最佳分流比隨著入口油滴粒徑的減小而增大。運(yùn)用RNG k-ε湍流模型和流體體積模型對(duì)分散相油滴的變形破碎過(guò)程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究,為了模擬除油水力旋流器的內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)基本特點(diǎn),選用180°弧形通道簡(jiǎn)化模型進(jìn)行模擬分析。系統(tǒng)分析導(dǎo)致油滴破碎的影響因素,研究了油滴粒徑、油滴相對(duì)滑移速度、油水界面表面張力系數(shù)、無(wú)量綱參數(shù)韋伯?dāng)?shù)和入口湍流強(qiáng)度對(duì)速度邊界層內(nèi)油滴破碎過(guò)程的影響。結(jié)果表明,韋伯?dāng)?shù)對(duì)油滴破碎起促進(jìn)作用,韋伯?dāng)?shù)越大,油滴越容易發(fā)生破碎,而入口湍流強(qiáng)度對(duì)邊界層內(nèi)的油滴破碎過(guò)程基本沒(méi)有影響。論文的數(shù)值模擬研究成果對(duì)液-液分離旋流器的操作參數(shù)優(yōu)化和推廣應(yīng)用具有明顯的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Oil-water separation hydrocyclone is a very important physical separation equipment in modern petrochemical industry. It is widely used in the field of crude oil extraction separation and oily wastewater treatment.The law of droplet movement in the process of swirl separation is an important factor affecting the separation efficiency. The breakup phenomenon in the process of droplet movement reduces the separation efficiency of oil and water to a great extent.This phenomenon has attracted wide attention in the field of swirl separation and is a key problem that must be solved in the development of liquid-liquid cyclone separation technology. It has important theoretical research significance and practical application value.In this paper, the motion of oil droplets and the phenomenon of oil droplet breakup in deoiling hydrocyclones are numerically simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (FLUENT) software.The main contents and conclusions are as follows: by comparing the different mathematical models in the numerical simulation method of computational fluid dynamics,The Reynolds stress model and the discrete phase model were used to simulate the oil droplet trajectory when the inlet oil droplet diameter was 10 渭 m ~ 20 渭 m ~ 20 渭 m ~ 30 渭 m ~ 40 渭 m ~ 40 渭 m ~ (50 渭 m) ~ (60 渭 m), and the effects of the parameters such as the diameter of the oil droplet, the flow ratio and the inlet flow rate on the oil removal efficiency were studied.The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation, and the separation region of the oil droplets is mainly concentrated in the cylinder section, the large cone segment and the upper half part of the small cone section in the cyclone.With the increase of inlet oil droplet size, the separation efficiency of hydrocyclone increases; with the increase of the flow rate and the flow rate, the separation efficiency increases first and then remains unchanged; the optimal separation ratio increases with the decrease of the inlet oil droplet diameter.RNG k- 蔚 turbulence model and fluid volume model are used to simulate the deforming and breaking process of dispersed oil droplets. In order to simulate the basic characteristics of the internal flow field of the deoiling hydrocyclone, the 180 擄arc channel simplified model is used to simulate and analyze.The effects of oil droplet size, relative slip velocity, surface tension coefficient of oil-water interface, dimensionless parameter Weber number and inlet turbulence intensity on the breakup process of oil droplets in the velocity boundary layer were studied.The results show that the Weber number promotes the breakage of oil droplets, and the larger the Weber number is, the easier it is to break the oil droplets, but the turbulent intensity of the inlet has no effect on the breakup process of the oil droplets in the boundary layer.The results of numerical simulation in this paper are of great significance to the optimization of operating parameters of liquid-liquid separation hydrocyclone and its popularization and application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.8

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