本文選題：燒結(jié)頁巖保溫空心砌塊　切入點：污泥　出處：《西安建筑科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,能源消耗急劇增加,能源危機越來越嚴重。全國總能耗主要包括建筑能耗、交通能耗和工業(yè)能耗,其中的建筑能耗占全國總能耗的33%,因此節(jié)約建筑能耗迫在眉睫。建筑物主要通過圍護結(jié)構(gòu)與外界進行能量交換,而外墻占圍護結(jié)構(gòu)能耗的50%左右。由此可知,節(jié)約建筑能耗可以從研究外墻組成結(jié)構(gòu)—燒結(jié)保溫空心砌塊入手,降低燒結(jié)保溫空心砌塊的導(dǎo)熱性能,從而提高墻體保溫隔熱能力具有重大實踐指導(dǎo)意義。本文系統(tǒng)研究了燒結(jié)頁巖保溫空心砌塊的性能,通過摻入的污泥在試樣高溫焙燒階段氧化燃燒釋放氣體,形成大量的微孔,以此改善砌塊的保溫隔熱性能。同時,利用ANSYS有限元軟件優(yōu)化設(shè)計頁巖空心砌塊的孔型,設(shè)計出符合建筑節(jié)能要求的孔型結(jié)構(gòu),為生產(chǎn)實踐提供有效的理論指導(dǎo)。論文首先測試分析了頁巖和污泥原料的基本性能,結(jié)果表明:頁巖屬于液相燒結(jié),最佳燒成溫度為950℃;污泥的硅鋁含量較低,必須配合高硅鋁含量的頁巖才能制備燒結(jié)墻體材料。其次,在頁巖中摻入不同比例不同含水率的污泥,結(jié)果表明:造孔劑為2#污泥的試樣綜合性能為最佳。然后研究不同燒成溫度、不同2#污泥摻量下,試樣的收縮率、體積密度、顯氣孔率、抗壓強度等性能,結(jié)果表明:燒成溫度一定時,隨著污泥摻量的增加,燒結(jié)試樣的顯氣孔率呈上升趨勢,體積密度和抗壓強度呈下降趨勢;污泥摻量一定時,隨著燒成溫度的增加,燒結(jié)試樣的顯氣孔率逐漸降低,體積密度和抗壓強度逐漸提高;當2#污泥摻量為20%,燒成溫度為1040℃時,試樣的抗壓強度為10.45MPa,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)為0.3263W/(m·k),比純頁巖試樣的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)降低了27.68%。最后對污泥和燒結(jié)試樣的放射性進行測試,結(jié)果表明兩者的內(nèi)照射指數(shù)和外照射指數(shù)均≤1.0,符合標準要求。ANSYS熱力學有限元模擬分析研究得出:在保證砌塊力學性能的前提下,沿熱流傳遞方向,增大孔洞長寬比,增加孔排數(shù)、減小孔列數(shù),提高孔洞率,增加孔肋延長線系數(shù),減小孔洞間距均可以改善砌塊的保溫隔熱性能;自行設(shè)計的六種孔型優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)中,模型D完全符合國家標準GB13544-2011《燒結(jié)多孔磚和多孔砌塊》中孔型孔結(jié)構(gòu)及孔洞率的相關(guān)要求,給生產(chǎn)實踐帶來便利的同時,理論上抗壓強度較好;模型D導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)為0.1508 W/(m·K),與最佳摻量最佳燒成溫度下的砌塊導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)0.3263 W/(m·K)相比,降低了53.78%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, energy consumption increases rapidly and the energy crisis becomes more and more serious.The total energy consumption in China mainly includes building energy consumption, transportation energy consumption and industrial energy consumption, among which the building energy consumption accounts for 33 percent of the total energy consumption, so it is urgent to save the building energy consumption.The building mainly exchanges energy with the outside world through the enclosure structure, and the external wall accounts for about 50% of the energy consumption of the enclosure structure.From this, it can be concluded that the energy saving of building can start with the study of the composition of the external wall-sintered insulating hollow block, and reduce the thermal conductivity of the sintered hollow block, thus improving the thermal insulation ability of the wall has great practical significance.In this paper, the properties of sintered shale thermal insulation hollow block are studied systematically. A large number of micropores are formed by oxidizing combustion and releasing gas at the stage of high temperature calcination of the sample, so as to improve the thermal insulation performance of the block.At the same time, the ANSYS finite element software is used to optimize the pore design of shale hollow block, and to design the pass structure which meets the requirements of building energy saving, which provides effective theoretical guidance for production practice.At first, the basic properties of shale and sludge raw materials were tested and analyzed. The results show that shale is sintered in liquid phase, the optimum sintering temperature is 950 鈩，

本文編號：1727777