發(fā)布時間：2018-04-09 03:21

  本文選題：炭吸附　切入點：光催化　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和能源的消耗，環(huán)境問題日益嚴重，尤其是以煤炭消耗為主的我國。由能源消耗所帶來的環(huán)境問題，如廢水的處理，空氣的凈化等問題也引起了廣泛的關(guān)注。近年來，在水處理領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用的膜分離技術(shù)由于存在單獨選擇性分離和膜污染的缺點，造成水處理效果和處理能耗隨時間變化顯著，制約了膜分離技術(shù)的發(fā)展。而納米半導(dǎo)體光催化技術(shù)應(yīng)用于廢水的處理和降解有機污染物等領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)出好的效果。特別是將二氧化鈦作為基底材料的半導(dǎo)體光催化技術(shù)，在空氣凈化與廢水處理方面具有很大的潛力。 本文利用炭吸附法與普通制備催化劑的方法耦合的技術(shù)，以鈦酸丁酯、氧化鉍和氧化釔為原料，制備納米Bi2O3，Bi2O3/TiO2和Y2O3/TiO2復(fù)合粉體。采用熱重/差熱儀(TG-DTA)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、透射電鏡(TEM)和紫外-可見光譜儀(UV-Vis)等方法對所得催化劑的焙燒溫度、物相、微粒尺寸及光吸收性能進行表征。結(jié)果表明：炭黑的加入能有效阻止納米粉體在制備、干燥以及焙燒過程的團聚和燒結(jié)，制得的粉體顆粒均勻，分散性好，團聚較少。經(jīng)600℃焙燒的納米Bi2O3粉體，平均晶粒尺寸為13nm，比表面積為88.32m2/g。經(jīng)600℃焙燒的Bi2O3/TiO2粉體，平均晶粒尺寸為18.8nm，比表面積為86.52m2/g。經(jīng)600℃焙燒的Y2O3/TiO2粉體，，平均晶粒尺寸為15nm，比表面積為80.25m2/g。 以亞甲基藍溶液為目標降解物，制備的納米Bi2O3，Bi2O3/TiO2和Y2O3/TiO2復(fù)合粉體為催化劑，評價催化劑的光催化性能。結(jié)果表明：與普通制備方法相比，炭吸附耦合法制備的Bi2O3，Bi2O3/TiO2和Y2O3/TiO2復(fù)合粉體在紫外和可見光下對亞甲基藍均有光催化效果，在50min內(nèi)亞甲基藍的降解率的大小為：Bi2O3/TiO2Y2O3/TiO2Bi2O3。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the consumption of energy, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, especially in China.Environmental problems caused by energy consumption, such as wastewater treatment, air purification and so on, have attracted wide attention.In recent years, membrane separation technology, which has been widely used in the field of water treatment, has the disadvantages of separate selective separation and membrane fouling, which results in significant changes of water treatment efficiency and energy consumption with time, which restricts the development of membrane separation technology.The application of nanometer semiconductor photocatalytic technology in wastewater treatment and degradation of organic pollutants shows good results.Especially the semiconductor photocatalytic technology which uses titanium dioxide as substrate has great potential in air purification and wastewater treatment.In this paper, the nanosized Bi _ 2O _ 3 / Bi _ 2O _ 3 / TIO _ 2 and Y2O3/TiO2 composite powders were prepared from butyl titanate, bismuth oxide and yttrium oxide by coupling the carbon adsorption method with the conventional preparation method.The calcination temperature, phase, particle size and photoabsorption properties of the catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric / differential calorimeter (TG-DTAA) X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and UV-Vis-UV spectrometer.The results show that the addition of carbon black can effectively prevent the agglomeration and sintering of nano-powder in preparation, drying and calcination process. The prepared powders are uniform in particle size, good in dispersion and less in agglomeration.The nanocrystalline Bi2O3 powders calcined at 600 鈩

本文編號：1724625