發(fā)布時間：2018-03-18 17:07

  本文選題：CuO納米粒子　切入點：CuO納米線　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著近年來人們對環(huán)境監(jiān)測和人身安全重視程度的增加,環(huán)境中存在的有毒及可燃揮發(fā)性有機物(VOC)的檢測逐漸成為人們的研究熱點。納米結(jié)構(gòu)的CuO作為一種無毒經(jīng)濟的p型半導(dǎo)體材料,同時擁有較大的比表面積以及獨特的尺寸效應(yīng),具有非常廣泛的商業(yè)應(yīng)用,在作為氣敏材料使用時呈現(xiàn)出優(yōu)良的氣敏響應(yīng)性能。本文通過簡單經(jīng)濟的水溶液反應(yīng)制備了零維CuO納米粒子、一維CuO納米線和二維CuO納米片,并經(jīng)后期手工涂覆與管式電極相結(jié)合構(gòu)建出三種不同形貌的納米CuO氣敏傳感器。在單獨測試時對于所測VOC,氣敏響應(yīng)信號明顯,基線穩(wěn)定,響應(yīng)和恢復(fù)時間短,重復(fù)性好,具有較好的測試可信性；均對所測9-11種VOC中的乙醇、甲醇、丙酮具有一定的選擇性,CuO納米片的氣敏響應(yīng)靈敏度均高于CuO納米粒子；最佳工作溫度均為300℃左右,CuO納米線在200℃下即可產(chǎn)生較穩(wěn)定的氣敏響應(yīng)；無論在低溫1700C還是高溫3200C下,CuO納米片對乙醇、丙酮、甲醇的氣敏響應(yīng)靈敏度均高于CuO納米粒子；在300℃下,對10-1000ppm乙醇蒸汽的氣敏響應(yīng)靈敏度高低排序為：CuO納米線CuO納米片CuO納米粒子,且均高于商用Sn02氣敏傳感器。為了克服傳統(tǒng)的粗糙涂覆工藝對傳感器性能所帶來的負面影響,還利用磁控濺射技術(shù)制備銅膜,探討了濺射電流和濺射時間對銅膜導(dǎo)通性的影響,得到了制備銅膜的最佳濺射條件,將銅膜經(jīng)后期熱氧化構(gòu)建得到一體化CuO納米粒子氣敏傳感器,該傳感器對不同VOC的響應(yīng)信號明顯、快速、基線穩(wěn)定、恢復(fù)性好,具有良好的重復(fù)性,對測試的11種VOC中的乙醇、甲醇、丙酮具有一定的選擇性；相比經(jīng)手工涂覆構(gòu)建而成的零維CuO納米粒子氣敏傳感器和一維CuO納米線氣敏傳感器,在200℃時對20-500ppm乙醇蒸汽響應(yīng)靈敏度最高,響應(yīng)時間(4-10 s)和恢復(fù)時間(4-8s)最短；當(dāng)接觸到20-500ppm的CCl4蒸汽時呈現(xiàn)出與其他所測氯化物(1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷以及二氯甲烷)完全相反的電阻值變化規(guī)律。將不同形貌的納米CuO材料通過相同的后期涂覆工藝與傳感元件相結(jié)合,比較基于此構(gòu)建而成的氣敏傳感器氣敏響應(yīng)特性的差異；通過磁控濺射技術(shù)構(gòu)建的性能更加優(yōu)越的一體化氣敏傳感器,保證了敏感膜良好的基底附著性和穩(wěn)定的歐姆接觸,這些研究對于CuO氣敏材料適用范圍的選擇、利用效率的提高以及構(gòu)建更加高效的傳感設(shè)備都具有非常重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasing emphasis on environmental monitoring and personal safety in recent years, The detection of toxic and flammable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the environment has gradually become a hot topic. As a non-toxic and economical p-type semiconductor material, nanostructured CuO has a large specific surface area and a unique size effect. It has a wide range of commercial applications and shows excellent gas sensing response performance when used as a gas sensing material. In this paper, zero dimensional CuO nanowires, one dimensional CuO nanowires and two dimensional CuO nanocrystals were prepared by simple and economical aqueous solution reaction. Three nanosized CuO gas sensors with different morphologies were constructed by combining manual coating with tubular electrodes in the later stage. The gas sensing response signal was obvious, the baseline was stable, the response and recovery time was short, and the repeatability was good. The gas sensitivity of VOC nanocrystalline was higher than that of CuO nanoparticles with certain selectivity for ethanol, methanol and acetone in 9-11 kinds of VOC. The optimum operating temperature is about 300 鈩，

本文編號：1630506