本文選題：微生物燃料電池　切入點(diǎn)：生物質(zhì)炭　出處：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微生物燃料電池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)技術(shù)是一種利用陽極產(chǎn)電菌為催化劑,通過微生物代謝功能,將產(chǎn)電底物(有機(jī)物/無機(jī)物)中的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的燃料電池技術(shù)。該技術(shù)具有處理污水的環(huán)境增益效果,同時(shí)兼具產(chǎn)電能力,是一種新型清潔環(huán)保技術(shù)。MFC由于其原料來源廣泛、運(yùn)行條件溫和、能量利用高效等特點(diǎn)已成為國內(nèi)外的研發(fā)熱點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)MFC系統(tǒng),選取了3種生物質(zhì)原料,通過熱解的方式制備了生物質(zhì)炭材料作為陰極催化劑,并結(jié)合物理化學(xué)表征手段,對(duì)它們的結(jié)構(gòu)及化學(xué)組成進(jìn)行了研究。依據(jù)其在溶氧陰極MFC的產(chǎn)電效果,進(jìn)一步研究了生物質(zhì)炭在溶氧陰極MFC中催化陰極氧還原(Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR)的產(chǎn)電性能,效果良好。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)確定了作為MFC陰極催化劑生物質(zhì)炭的制備方法及最佳溫度。選取富含氮的馬尾藻為原料,在不同溫度(400~800℃)條件下,采用兩步法制備了不同溫度的馬尾藻生物質(zhì)炭(SAC)催化劑(SAC-400,SAC-600,SAC-800)。結(jié)合物理表征、化學(xué)表征以及它們?cè)陔姵刂械膽?yīng)用效果,對(duì)其性能進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果顯示:不同制備溫度條件的生物質(zhì)炭催化劑ORR性能大小依次為:SAC-600SAC-800SAC-400,表明SAC-600具有更加優(yōu)秀的ORR催化性能,SAC催化劑的最佳制備溫度條件為600℃。(2)研究了3種生物質(zhì)原料制備MFC陰極生物質(zhì)炭催化劑的性能及其在空氣陰極MFC系統(tǒng)中的產(chǎn)電效果。在獲得最佳碳化溫度基礎(chǔ)上,選取600℃為制備溫度,以XC-72R炭黑為對(duì)照組,考察了采用兩步法制備馬尾藻生物質(zhì)炭(SAC),江蘺生物質(zhì)炭(SGC),青貯能源草生物質(zhì)炭(SCC)材料催化劑的ORR性能及其在MFC系統(tǒng)中的產(chǎn)電特性。結(jié)果表明:SAC的最大功率為2.61 W/m~3,內(nèi)阻為200Ω,XC-72R的最大功率為2.17 W/m~3,內(nèi)阻為200Ω,SCC的最大功率為1.83 W/m~3,內(nèi)阻為400Ω,GCC的最大輸出功率為1.35 W/m~3,內(nèi)阻為200Ω。幾種不同生物基催化劑在MFC中的最大功率密度依次為:SACXC-72RSCCGCC。(3)研究了生物質(zhì)炭催化劑在溶氧陰極MFC系統(tǒng)中的產(chǎn)電性能。優(yōu)選SAC-600為陰極催化劑構(gòu)建了溶氧陰極MFC。結(jié)果表明:負(fù)載生物質(zhì)炭的溶氧陰極MFC啟動(dòng)快,啟動(dòng)時(shí)間為:24 h,最高電壓以及最大功率密度分別為450 m V和0.552 W/m~3,超過未負(fù)載生物質(zhì)炭溶氧陰極MFC的最高電壓及最大功率密度58 m V和0.128 W/m~3。
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cell (MFCs) technology is a kind of microbial metabolic function, which uses anodic electrogen-producing bacteria as catalyst. A fuel cell technology that converts the chemical energy of electrical substrates (organic / inorganic) into electrical energy. The technology has the environmental gain effect of treating sewage and the ability to produce electricity. MFC is a new clean and environmental protection technology, which has become the research and development hotspot at home and abroad because of its wide source of raw materials, mild operating conditions and high efficiency of energy utilization. In this paper, three kinds of biomass raw materials are selected for the MFC system. Biomass carbon materials were prepared by pyrolysis as cathode catalysts, and their structure and chemical composition were studied by physicochemical characterization. The electrical properties of biomass carbon for oxygen reduction reactionation in dissolved oxygen cathode (MFC) were further studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the preparation method and optimum temperature of biomass carbon as MFC cathode catalyst were determined. The nitrogen-rich sargassum was selected as raw material and the temperature was 400 鈩，

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