本文選題：銅　切入點(diǎn)：電沉積　出處：《南華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電鍍工業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中扮演著越來越重要的角色,同時(shí)也是當(dāng)今世界污染最重的行業(yè)之一,而且電鍍廢水具有非常大的毒害性。電鍍廢水如果得不到完善的、系統(tǒng)的和專業(yè)化的處理,這樣會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境和人類健康造成相當(dāng)大的危害。本文以廣東省某電鍍園區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,電鍍園區(qū)內(nèi)污水處理廠日處理能力1000m3/d,現(xiàn)有污水分為含鎳廢水、含鉻廢水、綜合廢水、含氰廢水、前處理廢水、混排廢水等六類進(jìn)行處理。對(duì)電鍍園區(qū)污水處理工藝進(jìn)行調(diào)研,發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有電鍍廢水處理工藝存在的問題,提出相關(guān)建議。通過研究電鍍工業(yè)園區(qū)含銅廢水的金屬回收方案,采用離子交換樹脂與電解沉積方法回收金屬銅,形成一整套的在線回收銅的裝置�；厥战饘巽~有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,同時(shí)對(duì)電鍍廢水的處理及重金屬的回收具有一定的借鑒意義。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論有:(1)目前電鍍園區(qū)存在的問題主要有:園區(qū)內(nèi)企業(yè)眾多,偷排以及不按類排放廢水現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生,監(jiān)管難度大�？赏ㄟ^安裝在線探頭改善此類問題;銅等重金屬回收液沒有得到資源化利用,可通過電解沉積法進(jìn)行回收。(2)使用電沉積法回收模擬電鍍工業(yè)園區(qū)含銅廢水中的銅,通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)以及單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)全面考察電沉積液溫度、初始銅離子濃度、電壓、電極間距、初始p H值、添加劑等幾個(gè)因素對(duì)銅回收率的影響以及各個(gè)因素不同水平時(shí)的銅沉積率規(guī)律。最重確定最佳的電沉積條件為:釕銥涂層鈦板陽極下,初始銅離子濃度25g/L,電積液溫度40℃,電壓3.8v,極距25mm,初始p H3.6,添加劑含量7.1g/L。在最佳條件下銅回收率可達(dá)到97.82%,此時(shí)電流效率為88.54%。(3)陽極材料的選擇:通過對(duì)不銹鋼陽極、釕銥涂層鈦板陽極以及釕銥涂層鈦網(wǎng)陽極分別進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),釕銥涂層鈦?zhàn)麝枠O時(shí),銅的回收效果最好。因此選用釕銥涂層鈦板作為陽極材料。(4)對(duì)銅電沉積過程中電化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析和反應(yīng)機(jī)理進(jìn)行探討。(5)利用離子交換裝置、電沉積裝置組成一整套回收金屬銅的裝置,含銅廢水首先通過兩級(jí)離子交換裝置進(jìn)行濃縮,濃縮后再進(jìn)入電解裝置進(jìn)行電沉積。日處理能力1m3。同時(shí)加裝濃度在線探頭以及p H在線探頭實(shí)現(xiàn)在線監(jiān)控與管理。
[Abstract]:Electroplating industry plays a more and more important role in the national economy, at the same time, it is one of the most polluted industries in the world, and electroplating wastewater is very toxic. If electroplating wastewater is not perfect, Systematic and specialized treatment will cause considerable harm to the environment and human health. In this paper, a certain electroplating park in Guangdong Province is taken as the research object. The daily treatment capacity of the sewage treatment plant in the electroplating park is 1000 m3 / d, and the existing sewage is divided into nickel containing wastewater. There are six kinds of wastewater containing chromium, synthetic wastewater, cyanide wastewater, pretreatment wastewater, mixed discharge wastewater, etc. By investigating the wastewater treatment process of electroplating park, we find out the problems existing in the existing electroplating wastewater treatment process. By studying the metal recovery scheme of copper containing wastewater in electroplating industrial park, the ion exchange resin and electrolytic deposition were used to recover metal copper. Forming a complete set of on-line copper recovery devices. The recovery of metal copper has certain economic value. At the same time, it can be used for reference for the treatment of electroplating wastewater and the recovery of heavy metals. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: there are many enterprises in the electroplating park. Stealthy discharge and non-discharges of waste water are common and difficult to regulate. Such problems can be ameliorated by installing online probes; heavy metal recoveries such as copper have not been used as a resource. The electrodeposition method can be used to recover copper from the wastewater containing copper in the simulated electroplating industrial park. The temperature of electrodeposition solution, initial concentration of copper ion, voltage and electrode spacing are investigated by orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment. The effect of initial pH value, additive and other factors on copper recovery and the rule of copper deposition rate at different levels were obtained. The best electrodeposition conditions were determined as follows: ruthenium iridium coated titanium plate anode, The initial copper ion concentration is 25g / L, the electric fluid temperature is 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1586029