發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-20 19:18

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 系統(tǒng)集成技術(shù) 水網(wǎng)絡(luò) 換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò) 再生循環(huán) 系統(tǒng)操作彈性　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水資源和能源對(duì)于人類社會(huì)及其經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)發(fā)展起著極其重要的作用。隨著水資源和能源的日益匱乏,水資源和能源優(yōu)化利用成為最近研究的熱點(diǎn)。作為減少新鮮水和能量消耗的有效手段之一,過(guò)程系統(tǒng)集成技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于過(guò)程集成與設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化。本文將對(duì)水系統(tǒng)集成和同時(shí)考慮水和能量的集成系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究,主要內(nèi)容包括如下幾部分:第一章,簡(jiǎn)要概述了近年來(lái)水和能量集成系統(tǒng)的主要研究方法,并對(duì)本課題的研究意義和背景作了簡(jiǎn)要論述。第二章,水系統(tǒng)集成即是采用科學(xué)方法確定水流之間的合理分配,以實(shí)現(xiàn)水資源消耗最小化的目標(biāo)。本章研究了具有中間水道的再生循環(huán)水網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)于包含固定雜質(zhì)移除率模型的水網(wǎng)絡(luò),提出初始再生濃度的估算方法;然后依據(jù)濃度勢(shì)概念和用水過(guò)程的極限流量將所有用水過(guò)程劃分為三部分;根據(jù)源水流濃度勢(shì)值,確定構(gòu)成中間水道的源水流,形成水網(wǎng)絡(luò)初始結(jié)構(gòu)。采用迭代方法對(duì)初始網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整,計(jì)算收斂后即可獲得最終水網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)。本方法適用于包含固定雜質(zhì)負(fù)荷過(guò)程與固定流量過(guò)程的復(fù)雜水網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)。實(shí)例研究結(jié)果表明,運(yùn)用本方法能夠顯著減少新鮮水消耗量和再生水流量,且計(jì)算過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)單。同時(shí)本文方法中每步均具有明確的工程意義。第三章,針對(duì)水和能量同時(shí)集成的單雜質(zhì)系統(tǒng),本文提出新的設(shè)計(jì)方法。首先根據(jù)用水過(guò)程的操作溫度確定各過(guò)程的新鮮水溫度,然后根據(jù)用水過(guò)程的濃度和溫度因素設(shè)計(jì)水網(wǎng)絡(luò):(i)由各用水過(guò)程的極限進(jìn)出口濃度確定過(guò)程的執(zhí)行順序;(ii)將源水流按濃度由低到高的順序依次滿足各需求水流,當(dāng)源水流濃度相同時(shí),溫度將作為主要考慮因素;(iii)依次執(zhí)行各用水過(guò)程獲得水網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)。最后,在所得水網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)。實(shí)例計(jì)算表明,采用該方法獲得的網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果可與采用數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃法獲得的文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果相媲美,且網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)更加簡(jiǎn)單。第四章,對(duì)于水和能量同時(shí)集成的多雜質(zhì)系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程分為兩步:首先結(jié)合過(guò)程的濃度和溫度條件對(duì)多雜質(zhì)用水網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),然后根據(jù)用水網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,采取兩種設(shè)計(jì)策略:(i)高溫過(guò)程自身加熱其進(jìn)口水流,這樣既保持了自身循環(huán)加熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的特點(diǎn),又解決了換熱器數(shù)目較多的問(wèn)題;(ii)流股在非等溫混合前首先進(jìn)行間接換熱,使冷熱流股的溫度差值不至于過(guò)大,進(jìn)而降低由于混合造成的能量降級(jí)。提出冷熱流股的換熱規(guī)則,提高能量的利用效率并減少外部能量消耗。分別考慮這兩種設(shè)計(jì)策略,獲得換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)。實(shí)例計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,采用上述方法設(shè)計(jì)所得網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)比文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果更加簡(jiǎn)單。第五章,對(duì)于包含能量集成的用水系統(tǒng),用水過(guò)程與換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)高度集成,這給系統(tǒng)操作和控制帶來(lái)新的問(wèn)題。本文研究了此類系統(tǒng)的操作彈性問(wèn)題。首先,根據(jù)用水過(guò)程的溫度及使用新鮮水的狀況確定系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵過(guò)程與關(guān)鍵水流;其次,提出關(guān)鍵水流影響系數(shù)的新概念用于計(jì)算關(guān)鍵水流正常操作溫度區(qū)間;最后,研究了如何調(diào)整現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng),增大關(guān)鍵水流正常操作溫度區(qū)間,提高系統(tǒng)操作彈性。實(shí)例計(jì)算表明,采用本文提出的方法可以有效減少系統(tǒng)的公用工程消耗和換熱器數(shù)量,同時(shí)使系統(tǒng)操作彈性有所提高。第六章,結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Water resources and energy for the human society and economic development plays an extremely important role. With the increasing scarcity of energy and water resources, water resources and energy utilization has recently become a hot research. As one of the efficient ways to reduce fresh water and energy consumption, process integration technology system is widely used in process integration and design optimization. This article will focus on the water system integration and considering the integrated system of water and energy are studied. The main contents include the following parts: the first chapter, a brief overview of recent water and energy integration system the main research methods in this paper and the research background and significance are introduced briefly in this paper. The second chapter, namely water system integration is the use of scientific methods to determine the reasonable allocation of water between the water, in order to achieve the goal of minimizing the consumption of resources. This chapter studies with water mains recycling water network Design for impurity removal rate. Contains fixed model of water network, proposed method to estimate initial concentration of regeneration; and then based on the concentration limit flow and water potential concept will process all the water process is divided into three parts; according to the source water concentration potential value, to determine the composition of intermediate water source water channel, the water network structure. The initial formation the iterative method to adjust the initial network structure, obtained the final water network design can design complex water network convergence. This method is suitable for containing a fixed load and fixed impurity discharge process. The results show that using this method can significantly reduce the consumption of fresh water and recycled water flow, and the calculation process is simple at the same time. This method has clear engineering significance of each step. The third chapter, according to the water and energy at the same time integrated single impurity system, this paper presents a new design method. According to the water temperature to determine the process of the operation of the fresh water temperature of each process, then according to the design of water network concentration and temperature factors of water: (I) to determine the order of execution of the process by the limit water process of import and export concentration; (II) the source of water in concentration from low to high order to meet the demand when the water source water at the same concentration, the temperature will be a major consideration; (III) followed by the implementation of the water process water network design. Finally, the design of heat exchanger network based on the corresponding water network. Examples show that the results obtained by using the method of network design can be comparable with that obtained by mathematical programming method results in the literature, and the network structure is more simple. In the fourth chapter, for water and energy and integrated multi contaminant system design process is divided into two steps: firstly, combined with the process of concentration and temperature conditions of impurities The design of water network, then according to the structure of water network design of heat exchanger network. In the design process of heat exchanger network, adopt two design strategies: (I) high temperature heating process itself the import flow, so as to maintain its own circulation characteristics of heating network has the advantages of simple structure, and solves the problem of heat exchanger for more number the problem; (II) stream in non isothermal mixing before the first indirect heat transfer, the temperature difference between the hot and cold streams is not too large, then reduce the energy degradation caused by the mix. The hot hot and cold stream changing rules, improve energy efficiency and reduce the external energy consumption. Consider the two the design strategy respectively, obtain the design of heat exchanger network. The calculation results show that the method of the design of network structure is more simple than the results in the literature. The fifth chapter is to contain the energy integrated water system, water and heat process The thermal network is highly integrated, it brings new problems to the operation and control system. This paper studies the operating flexibility of this kind of system. Firstly, according to the key process of the process of using water temperature and using fresh water system and determine the key flow; secondly, put forward a new concept of critical flow influence coefficient is used to calculate the critical flow in normal operation the temperature range; finally, on how to adjust the existing system, increase the key flow normal operating temperature range, improve the operation flexibility of system. The calculation results show that this method can effectively reduce the utility system less consumption and the number of heat exchangers, and the operation has improved elastic system. The sixth chapter is the conclusion.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ085

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