本文關(guān)鍵詞： 液液相平衡 固液相平衡 汽液相平衡 乙苯 苯乙酮 模擬與優(yōu)化　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：苯乙酮是重要的化工原料,廣泛用于香皂、香料及醫(yī)藥等行業(yè)。傳統(tǒng)苯乙酮生產(chǎn)工藝中,以三氯化鋁為催化劑,苯和乙酰氯酰基化反應(yīng)制備苯乙酮,該法產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)酸,易腐蝕設(shè)備和污染環(huán)境。本文研究的工藝背景為以氧氣為氧化劑,選擇性氧化乙苯合成苯乙酮。該工藝舍棄了傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)工藝的乙酰氯和三氯化鋁,改用氧氣為氧化劑的無(wú)溶劑參與的綠色氧化制備苯乙酮的新工藝,既節(jié)省了原料成本、三廢處理費(fèi)用,也降低了設(shè)備腐蝕。以氧化劑為氧氣,直接氧化乙苯制備苯乙酮的反應(yīng)過(guò)程中,主產(chǎn)物為苯乙酮,副產(chǎn)物主要有1-苯乙醇、苯甲酸、水等。設(shè)計(jì)的工藝過(guò)程主要包括反應(yīng)液分離、萃取精餾、減壓精餾等分離系統(tǒng)。設(shè)計(jì)合理的分離條件,涉及到的、必不可少的是該體系的基礎(chǔ)熱力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。該工藝相關(guān)的液液平衡數(shù)據(jù)和固液平衡數(shù)據(jù)是重要的熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。本論文針對(duì)針對(duì)乙苯液相氧化液的分離工藝進(jìn)行流程設(shè)計(jì)、模擬與優(yōu)化,完善相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),為該工藝提供思路和依據(jù),主要對(duì)以下幾方面內(nèi)用進(jìn)行研究:相平衡數(shù)據(jù)研究1.液液相平衡:測(cè)定常壓下括水+乙苯+苯乙酮、水+乙苯+1-苯乙醇和水+苯乙酮+1-苯乙醇三個(gè)三元體系的液液平衡數(shù)據(jù)。并用NRTL和UNIQUAC活度系數(shù)模型,對(duì)所有液液平衡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行模型參數(shù)擬合,得到對(duì)應(yīng)模型的二元相互作用參數(shù)。利用得到的模型參數(shù),對(duì)四元體系水+乙苯+苯乙酮+1-苯乙醇的液液平衡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)和驗(yàn)證。2.固液相平衡:建立固液相平衡實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,分別測(cè)定苯甲酸在1-苯乙醇、苯乙酮和乙苯等溶劑中的溶解度,用NRTL模型對(duì)苯甲酸在不同溶劑中的溶解度進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián),得到二元相互作用參數(shù)。建立苯甲酸在多元混合溶劑中的溶解度預(yù)測(cè)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)苯甲酸在多元混合溶劑中溶解度的預(yù)測(cè)和驗(yàn)證。3.汽液相平衡:利用文獻(xiàn)已有的汽液平衡數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行熱力學(xué)模型關(guān)聯(lián)。分離工藝優(yōu)化研究設(shè)計(jì)了乙苯氧化產(chǎn)物的分離工藝,并運(yùn)用ASPEN PLUS軟件中的靈敏度分析工具對(duì)反應(yīng)物分離、苯甲酸分離、1-苯乙醇與苯乙酮分離工藝進(jìn)行了模擬,對(duì)分離反應(yīng)物、分離苯甲酸、分離1-苯乙醇與苯乙酮的精餾塔進(jìn)行了回流比、進(jìn)料位置和塔板數(shù)的靈敏度分析,找出了單元操作的最佳操作條件,得到優(yōu)化的分離條件和對(duì)應(yīng)的模擬結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Acetophenone is an important chemical raw material, which is widely used in soap, perfume, medicine and other industries. In the traditional production process of acetophenone, acetophenone is prepared by the reaction of benzene with acetyl chloride acylation with aluminum trichloride as catalyst, which produces strong acid. The technological background of this paper is selective oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone with oxygen as oxidant. The process has abandoned the traditional production process of acetyl chloride and aluminum trichloride. The new process of producing acetophenone by using oxygen as oxidant in green oxidation with no solvent can not only save the cost of raw material, but also reduce the cost of waste treatment, and reduce the corrosion of equipment. In the process of direct oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone, the main product is acetophenone, the by-products are mainly 1-phenylethanol, benzoic acid, water and so on. Separation systems, such as vacuum distillation, design of reasonable separation conditions, The basic thermodynamic data of the system are essential. The liquid-liquid equilibrium data and the solid-liquid equilibrium data are important thermodynamic basic data. In this paper, the separation process of ethylbenzene liquid-phase oxidation solution is designed. Simulation and optimization, improvement of the basic data, provide ideas and basis for the process, mainly for the following aspects of the study: phase equilibrium data study 1.Liquid-liquid equilibrium: determination of ethylphenyl acetophenone in water at atmospheric pressure, The liquid-liquid equilibrium data of three ternary systems of water ethylbenzene 1-phenylethanol and water-acetophenone 1-phenylethanol were obtained. All the liquid-liquid equilibrium data were fitted by NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models. The binary interaction parameters of the corresponding model were obtained. Using the obtained model parameters, the liquid-liquid equilibrium data of water ethylphenyl acetophenone 1-phenylethyl alcohol was predicted and verified .2.Solid-liquid equilibrium: a solid-liquid equilibrium experimental device was established. The solubility of benzoic acid in 1-phenylethanol, acetophenone and ethylbenzene was determined, and the solubility of benzoic acid in different solvents was correlated with NRTL model. The solubility prediction model of benzoic acid in multicomponent mixed solvents was established to predict and verify the solubility of benzoic acid in multicomponent mixed solvents. The separation process of ethylbenzene oxidation product was studied and designed. The sensitivity analysis tool of ASPEN PLUS software was used to separate the reactants. The separation process of 1-phenylethyl alcohol and acetophenone by benzoic acid was simulated. The reflux ratio, feed position and tray number of the distillation column for separation of benzoic acid, benzoic acid and 1-phenylethanol were analyzed. The optimal operating conditions of the unit operation are found, and the optimized separation conditions and the corresponding simulation results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ013.1

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