本文關(guān)鍵詞： 碳化硅衍生碳 球形石墨 比表面積 孔徑分布 電化學性能　出處：《武漢科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：為滿足儲能領(lǐng)域?qū)Σ牧霞婢吒吣芰棵芏群透吖β拭芏鹊男枨螅菊撐闹荚趯⒕哂刑厥饪紫督Y(jié)構(gòu)的碳化物衍生碳與具有高導電性和高能量存儲密度的石墨類材料相復合的方式，制備得到一種具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的雙功能復合炭材料。以兩種球形石墨炭材料，即石墨化中間相炭微球（GMCMB）和球形天然石墨（NG）為碳源，與硅粉（Si）高溫固相反應(yīng)生成GMCMB@SiC和NG@SiC前軀體，然后經(jīng)氯氣刻蝕制備得到石墨化中間相炭微球@碳化硅衍生碳（GMCMB@SiC-CDCs）和球形天然石墨@碳化硅衍生碳（NG@SiC-CDCs）復合炭材料。通過對復合材料的組成、結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌、孔結(jié)構(gòu)、比表面積以及電化學性能的表征與分析，初步探討了其儲能機理。主要的研究結(jié)果如下： （1）采用固相法與氯氣刻蝕相結(jié)合的方法可成功制備GMCMB@SiC-CDCs和NG@SiC-CDCs復合材料，該材料具有典型的核@殼結(jié)構(gòu)，即分別以GMCMB和NG為核，以具有＜1nm的微孔的SiC-CDCs為殼。 （2）通過控制碳源與硅的摩爾比（C/Si）可以有效調(diào)控SiC-CDCs殼的厚度和GMCMB/NG核的尺寸，，并在較大的范圍內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)復合材料的比表面積和孔體積；C/Si摩爾比越小，SiC-CDCs在復合材料中的含量越高，對應(yīng)的比表面積和孔體積越高。 （3）選擇適宜的C/Si摩爾比（即適宜的衍生碳和球形石墨相對含量）可以有效提高鋰離子電池負極的可逆容量，同時表現(xiàn)出比單一GMCMB和NG更好的倍率性能和更高的容量保持率。 （4）GMCMB@SiC-CDCs和NG@SiC-CDCs復合材料用作超級電容器電極材料，均表現(xiàn)出良好的電容性能，隨著C/Si摩爾比的減小即SiC-CDCs含量升高，復合材料的比電容和能量密度都增大，且可實現(xiàn)大電流充放電。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the demand of high energy density and high power density for materials in the energy storage area , a dual - functional composite carbon material with core - shell structure is prepared by combining the carbide - derived carbon with special pore structure with the graphite material with high conductivity and high energy storage density . ( 1 ) GMCMB @ SiC - CDCs and NG @ SiC - CDCs composites can be successfully prepared by the combination of solid - phase method and chlorine gas etching . ( 2 ) By controlling the molar ratio of carbon source to silicon ( C / Si ) , the thickness of the SiC - CDCs shell and the size of the GMCMB / NG core can be effectively controlled , and the specific surface area and pore volume of the composite material can be adjusted in a larger range ; the smaller the C / Si molar ratio , the higher the content of the SiC - CDCs in the composite material , and the higher the specific surface area and the pore volume . ( 3 ) Choosing the proper C / Si molar ratio ( i.e . , the relative content of the appropriate derived carbon and spherical graphite ) can effectively improve the reversible capacity of the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery , and exhibit better multiplying power performance and higher capacity retention rate than the single GMCMB and NG . ( 4 ) GMCMB @ SiC - CDCs and NG @ SiC - CDCs composite materials are used as the electrode materials of the super capacitor , which exhibit good capacitive performance . As the C / Si molar ratio decreases , the SiC - CDCs content is increased , the specific capacitance and energy density of the composite material are increased , and the large current charging and discharging can be realized .

【學位授予單位】：武漢科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ127.11

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本文編號：1498680