本文關(guān)鍵詞： 固相合成 摻氮碳納米管 氫氧化鉀活化 二氧化碳吸附　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：碳納米管因其獨特的管狀結(jié)構(gòu)和物理化學(xué)性質(zhì),一直是功能材料領(lǐng)域的研究熱點。碳納米管的合成方法主要有石墨電弧法、激光蒸發(fā)法以及化學(xué)氣相沉積(CVD)法。目前,CVD法已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)商業(yè)化碳納米管的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)。但其存在產(chǎn)物粉塵化等不可避免的問題,嚴重阻礙了碳納米管的大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。本文介紹了一種新穎的固相合成碳納米管的方法。通過該方法可以得到具有一定宏觀形狀和尺寸的碳納米管,可以很好的解決CVD法所帶來的粉塵化問題,而且合成步驟更加簡單,設(shè)備要求低,并可以實現(xiàn)氮元素的直接摻雜。具體合成流程為:以二乙烯苯為碳源,加入一種咪唑類離子液體和鐵氰化鉀,在一定條件下共聚形成一種含氮金屬有機聚合物作為生長碳納米管的前驅(qū)體。之后在持續(xù)氮氣流的保護下,將前驅(qū)體置于管式爐中經(jīng)過高溫熱解生長具有一定宏觀尺寸和形狀的摻氮碳納米管。采用掃描、透射電子顯微鏡以及拉曼光譜等多種手段對產(chǎn)物進行了表征,分析不同碳化溫度條件下生長碳納米管的純度及結(jié)構(gòu)差異,確定800℃為該前驅(qū)體生長碳納米管的最佳溫度。為了進一步研究固相合成碳納米管在二氧化碳吸附領(lǐng)域的潛在應(yīng)用,對其進行了KOH活化處理以增大其比表面和改善孔結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果表明,隨著活化溫度的升高,碳納米管的比表面積逐漸增加,但同時氮元素的流失也隨之更加嚴重。當活化條件為700℃保溫2 h時,碳管比表面積大小由315 m2/g增大到544 m2/g,增加70%以上,微孔孔容增加超過一倍,氮含量損失低于50%。常溫常壓下二氧化碳吸附測試結(jié)果顯示,摻氮碳納米管比表面積大小是其二氧化碳吸附能力的重要影響因素,比表面積相差很大時,比表面積大的吸附能力強。進一步深入分析表明,單位微孔孔容的CO2吸附量(y)對表面氮含量(x)存在線性依賴關(guān)系::y=5.00+4.25x,這為高容量CO2吸附材料的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been the focus of research in the field of functional materials because of their unique tubular structure and physical and chemical properties. The main synthesis methods of CNTs are graphite arc method. Laser evaporation and Chemical Vapor deposition (CVD) methods have been widely used to produce commercial carbon nanotubes (CNTs). However, there are some inevitable problems such as product dusting and so on. In this paper, a novel method of solid phase synthesis of carbon nanotubes is introduced, by which carbon nanotubes with certain macroscopic shape and size can be obtained. It can solve the dust problem caused by CVD method, and the synthesis steps are simpler, the equipment requirements are low, and the direct doping of nitrogen elements can be realized. The specific process is: diethylbenzene as carbon source. A kind of imidazole ionic liquid and potassium ferricyanide were added to form a nitrogen-containing metal-organic polymer as the precursor of carbon nanotube growth under certain conditions, and then under the protection of continuous nitrogen flow. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) were grown by pyrolysis at high temperature in a tube furnace. The products were characterized by scanning, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The purity and structure of carbon nanotubes grown at different carbonization temperatures were analyzed. In order to further study the potential application of carbon nanotubes in carbon dioxide adsorption field, 800 鈩，

本文編號：1493304