發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-03 16:57

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水熱法 微波 Ag/TiO_2納米花 Cu/TiO_2納米花 Ag/TiO_2納米微球 表面等離子體 光解水制氫　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今與有機(jī)污染物有關(guān)的環(huán)境問題和能源短缺問題已引起國內(nèi)外的廣泛關(guān)注。為了解決這些問題,光催化作為一種綠色的節(jié)能環(huán)保技術(shù)吸引了物理、化學(xué)、材料等領(lǐng)域?qū)W者的廣泛關(guān)注。TiO2光催化技術(shù)作為一種綠色技術(shù),可緩解能源危機(jī),減緩環(huán)境污染,已被廣泛用于光分解水制氫、光催化還原二氧化碳、污水處理、空氣凈化及殺菌等領(lǐng)域。由于TiO2禁帶寬度較大(Eg=3.2 eV),光生電子和空穴(載流子)容易發(fā)生復(fù)合,阻礙了TiO2光催化技術(shù)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。本文將TiO2自身結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)控和金屬負(fù)載相結(jié)合,共同促進(jìn)TiO2光催化分解水制氫性能,主要開展了以下研究內(nèi)容。首先采用水熱法制備得到TiO2納米花和微球,進(jìn)一步借助微波輔助化學(xué)還原法將Cu和Ag顆粒分別負(fù)載于TiO2表面得到Cu/TiO2納米花、Ag/TiO2納米花和Ag/TiO2微球。將制備得到的樣品用于光催化實(shí)驗(yàn),采用X-射線粉末衍射(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、光致發(fā)光光譜(PL)、比表面積測試儀(BET)、拉曼散射光譜(Raman)、紫外-可見光吸收光譜(UV-Vis)等測試方法對制備得到的催化劑進(jìn)行了一系列的表征,分別探究了它的整體形貌特征、表面晶體結(jié)構(gòu)以及所反映的光譜性能,揭示了樣品的光催化活性與其結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),所制備的TiO2納米花和微球由有序的棒狀結(jié)構(gòu)和納米顆粒分別簇?fù)矶?兩者的直徑分別為1μm和4μm,其獨(dú)特的三維結(jié)構(gòu)提高了光捕獲性能。XRD分析發(fā)現(xiàn),TiO2顆粒為金紅石相結(jié)構(gòu),其特征衍射峰2θ=27.5°。熒光光譜分析發(fā)現(xiàn),Cu和Ag顆粒的存在使得TiO2熒光發(fā)生淬滅現(xiàn)象,位于400nm (3.18 eV)和475nm (2.67 eV)的發(fā)射峰強(qiáng)度明顯降低。拉曼光譜表明,Cu和Ag顆粒可以增強(qiáng)Ti02的拉曼散射強(qiáng)度,和TiO2在可見光區(qū)的吸收強(qiáng)度,這可能與兩種金屬的局域表面等離子體效應(yīng)有關(guān)。本文重點(diǎn)考察了Ag和Cu負(fù)載量對TiO2的光催化性能的影響,(紫外+可見光)光解水制氫實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在較優(yōu)條件下,c=0.03mol/L Ag/TiO2納米花的制氫產(chǎn)率是純TiO2納米花的3.9倍,c=0.05mol/L Cu/TiO2納米花制氫產(chǎn)率是純二氧化鈦的2.4倍。Ag/TiO2 NBs-Ⅱ的光催化效率是純TiO2微球的1.7倍。最后,本文對上述結(jié)構(gòu)的光催化分解水制氫機(jī)制進(jìn)行了初步分析。
[Abstract]:Now the organic pollutants and related environmental problems and energy shortage has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad. In order to solve these problems, photocatalysis is a kind of green energy saving and environmental protection technology has attracted wide attention in physics, chemistry,.TiO2 photocatalytic technology scholars materials and other fields as a kind of green technology, can alleviate the energy crisis. To mitigate the environmental pollution, has been widely used in light water splitting, photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, wastewater treatment, air purification and sterilization and other fields. Because the TiO2 large band gap (Eg=3.2 eV), the photogenerated electrons and holes (carrier) to the composite, practical application hindered TiO2 photocatalytic technology. In this paper TiO2 structure control and metal load combination, and jointly promote the TiO2 photocatalytic decomposition of water to hydrogen performance, the main research contents are as following. Firstly prepared by hydrothermal method to obtain TiO2 nano flowers And with the help of microspheres, microwave assisted chemical reduction method Cu and Ag particles were loaded on the surface of TiO2 Cu/TiO2 nanoflower, Ag/TiO2 nano flower and Ag/TiO2 microspheres. The prepared samples were used for the photocatalytic experiments, using X- ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence the spectrum (PL), specific surface area analyzer (BET), Raman scattering spectroscopy (Raman), UV Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) catalyst prepared by the method of testing were characterized respectively, to explore the overall appearance characteristics, crystal structure and surface reflection the spectral properties, reveals the relationship between the photocatalytic activity of samples and structure. The study found that the prepared TiO2 nano flowers and the morphology of microspheres and nanoparticles were orderly surrounded by, the diameters of 1 m and 4 m, its unique three-dimensional node The improved light trapping properties of.XRD analysis showed that TiO2 particles were rutile phase structure, the characteristic diffraction peak of 2 DEG theta =27.5. The fluorescence spectra analysis showed that the presence of Cu and Ag particles makes the TiO2 fluorescence quenching phenomenon in 400nm (3.18 eV) and 475nm (2.67 eV) emission peak intensity decreased significantly. Raman spectra show that enhanced Raman scattering intensity of Ti02 Cu and Ag particles can, and TiO2 absorption intensity in the visible light, this may be related to surface plasmons and two kinds of metal. This paper focuses on the effects on Photocatalytic Performance of the amount of TiO2 Ag and Cu load, (+ UV visible) photolysis hydrogen production from water. The experimental results show that under the optimum conditions, the c=0.03mol/L Ag/TiO2 nano flowers hydrogen yield is 3.9 times of pure TiO2 nanoflower, c=0.05mol/L Cu/TiO2 nanoflower hydrogen yield is photocatalytic efficiency 2.4 times.Ag/TiO2 NBs- II is pure titanium dioxide 1.7 times of pure TiO2 microspheres. Finally, a preliminary analysis of the mechanism of photocatalytic decomposition of water for hydrogen production by the above structure was carried out in this paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O614.411;TQ116.2

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