本文關(guān)鍵詞： 乳化液膜 穩(wěn)定性 濕法磷酸 凈化 破乳　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著市場(chǎng)需求的變化以及資源、能源、環(huán)境等因素的限制,以濕法磷酸凈化為基礎(chǔ)的磷酸及無(wú)機(jī)磷酸鹽生產(chǎn)技術(shù)將逐漸替代傳統(tǒng)的熱法磷酸及磷酸鹽生產(chǎn)技術(shù)。乳化液膜技術(shù)是一種新型的分離技術(shù),本文采用乳化液膜體系對(duì)模擬濕法磷酸中重金屬鉛進(jìn)行分離研究,為該技術(shù)在濕法磷酸領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用提供技術(shù)支持。本論文首先對(duì)乳化液膜體系的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了探討。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)主要考察了T154、Span-80、Lan-113的用量、油內(nèi)比Roi、制乳強(qiáng)度以及制乳時(shí)間對(duì)乳化液膜體系穩(wěn)定性的影響,得到了較優(yōu)的乳化液膜組成配方。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:Span80體系液膜組成為Span80:P204:液體石蠟:煤油=5:5:1:89(體積比),制乳轉(zhuǎn)速為2000 r·min~(-1),內(nèi)水相鹽酸溶液濃度為4mol·-L~(-1),油內(nèi)比Roi=1:1,制乳時(shí)間30min;蘭-113體系液膜組成為蘭-113:P204:液體石蠟:煤油=7:5:1:87(體積比),制乳轉(zhuǎn)速為2000 r·min~(-1),內(nèi)水相鹽酸溶液濃度為4 mol·L~(-1),油內(nèi)比1:1,制乳時(shí)間30 min;T154體系液膜組成為T154:P204:液體石蠟:磺化煤油=6:5:1:88(體積比),制乳轉(zhuǎn)速為2000 r·min~(-1),內(nèi)水相鹽酸溶液濃度為4 mol·L~(-1),油內(nèi)比1:1,制乳時(shí)間30 min。此時(shí)所制得的乳化液破乳率低,液化液膜體系較穩(wěn)定。其次,采用T154-P204-液體石蠟-煤油乳化液膜體系對(duì)模擬濕法磷酸液中的重金屬Pb(Ⅱ)的傳質(zhì)行為進(jìn)行了探究,考察了影響金屬離子遷移率的各種因素,得到了該液膜體系:脫鉛的較優(yōu)操作條件:T154:P204:液體石蠟:煤油=6:5:1:88(體積比),乳水比Reew=1:2(v/v),萃取攪拌強(qiáng)度300 r·min~(-1),內(nèi)水相鹽酸濃度為4 mol·L~(-1),攪拌時(shí)間15min,乳化液膜體系萃取鉛的遷移率達(dá)到了 96%以上。并通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)分析得到該乳化液膜體系萃取鉛中7個(gè)主要影響因素的主次順序是:表面活性劑用量油內(nèi)比攪拌時(shí)間攪拌強(qiáng)度乳水比載體用量?jī)?nèi)水相鹽酸濃度,得到的優(yōu)組合:T154 6%,P204 5%,液體石蠟1%,磺化煤油88%,攪拌強(qiáng)度300 r-min~(-1),油內(nèi)比Roi=1:1,乳水比Rew=1:1,攪拌時(shí)間為15 min,鹽酸濃度4 mol·L~(-1),。在優(yōu)組合條件下,鉛離子的遷移率達(dá)到了 97.3%。最后還考察了超聲、加熱、超聲-加熱破乳方法的破乳效果。結(jié)果表明采用超聲-加熱聯(lián)合破乳法效果要好于采用單一破乳法,破乳率可達(dá)到95%。將破乳后的油相回收利用,進(jìn)行重復(fù)制乳破乳,三次利用對(duì)鉛的遷移率能達(dá)到80%以上。
[Abstract]:With the change of market demand and the restriction of resources, energy, environment and so on. The production technology of phosphoric acid and inorganic phosphate based on wet phosphoric acid purification will gradually replace the traditional thermal phosphoric acid and phosphate production technology. Emulsion membrane technology is a new separation technology. The separation of heavy metal lead in simulated wet phosphoric acid by emulsion membrane system was studied in this paper. In this paper, the stability of emulsion membrane system was discussed. The experiment mainly investigated the stability of T154N Span-80. The effects of the dosage of Lan-113, the ratio of oil to oil, the strength of milk preparation and the time of emulsion preparation on the stability of emulsion film system. The experimental results show that the liquid membrane composition of the system is Span80: P204: liquid paraffin: kerosene 5: 5: 1: 89 (volume ratio). The speed of milk preparation was 2000 r 路min ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution in aqueous phase was 4 mol 路-L ~ (-1), the ratio of oil to Roi was 1: 1, and the time of milk preparation was 30 min. The composition of liquid film of Lan-113 system is Lan 113: P204: liquid paraffin: kerosene 7: 5: 1 87 (volume ratio, speed of milk production is 2000 r 路min-1). The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution in aqueous phase was 4 mol 路L ~ (-1), the ratio of oil to oil was 1: 1, and the preparation time was 30 minutes. The composition of liquid membrane of T154 system is T154: P204: liquid paraffin: sulfonated kerosene 6: 5: 1: 88 (volume ratio, speed of milk production is 2000r 路min-1). The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution in aqueous phase is 4 mol 路L ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the ratio of oil to oil is 1: 1, and the time of emulsion preparation is 30 mins. At this time, the demulsification rate of emulsion is low, and the liquid membrane system is stable. The mass transfer behavior of heavy metal Pb (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1482939