本文關(guān)鍵詞： 微生物燃料電池 木糖 橙黃Ⅰ鄰氨基苯酚　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微生物燃料電池(microbial fuel cells, MFCs)是利用微生物的新陳代謝作用直接將有機(jī)底物的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)有機(jī)底物的氧化分解同時(shí)產(chǎn)電的過(guò)程。MFCs不但是一種潔凈的可再生的新能源,也是一種能夠用于處理環(huán)境廢棄物及污染物的新型裝置。目前利用MFCs處理環(huán)境廢棄物及污染物的研究尚處于實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究階段,主要集中在如何提高M(jìn)FCs的底物利用效率和產(chǎn)電的效率及減小影響MFCs性能因素。本研究采用雙室微生物燃料電池的反應(yīng)器形式,利用Ochrobactrum sp.575或Shewanella putrefaciens作為MFCs的陽(yáng)極催化劑,50mM的鐵氰化鉀作為電子最終受體,碳刷作為陽(yáng)極和陰極,對(duì)MFCs分別利用廢棄物木糖、偶氮染料橙黃I以及鄰氨基苯酚產(chǎn)電的可行性進(jìn)行了研究,并對(duì)底物的利用率和影響MFCs產(chǎn)電效率的因素進(jìn)行了研究。本文的主要結(jié)論如下：1.我們構(gòu)建的純菌MFCs能夠很好的實(shí)現(xiàn)木糖的有效降解、橙黃I的脫色和鄰氨基苯酚的氧化同時(shí)對(duì)外輸出電能,并且搭建的單菌MFCs能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間重復(fù)分解底物并對(duì)外輸出電能,這為同類型有機(jī)物的高效低能耗處理提供了研究思路,并為微生物燃料電池技術(shù)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了科學(xué)的依據(jù)和技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。2.以新的菌種Ochrobactrum sp.575作為木糖MFCs的陽(yáng)極催化劑。首先Ochrobactrum sp.575在MFCs的電場(chǎng)作用下進(jìn)行了馴化,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)馴化陽(yáng)極微生物Ochrobactrum sp.575能夠有效地提高M(jìn)FCs陽(yáng)極微生物的催化效率,從而能顯著地提高M(jìn)FCs的輸出電流密度。經(jīng)過(guò)三次馴化的Ochrobactrum sp.575作為催化劑時(shí),MFCs中木糖的最終利用率達(dá)到了97.16%(木糖初始濃度為100mg/L),同時(shí)MFCs的最大輸出電流密度達(dá)到3071.8mA/m3,最大輸出功率密度達(dá)到了2625mW/m3,這要比同類型以木糖為基質(zhì)的MFCs的輸出功率都要高,這為木糖的高效利用提供了新的思路。研究結(jié)果還發(fā)現(xiàn),木糖在MFCs中被微生物代謝后,產(chǎn)物中有延胡索酸的生成,而在正常有氧培養(yǎng)細(xì)菌時(shí)卻沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)延胡索酸的存在,這說(shuō)明Ochrobactrum sp.575在MFCs中作為催化劑時(shí),其代謝呼吸鏈主要為琥珀酸氧化呼吸鏈,這與傳統(tǒng)的NADH氧化呼吸鏈為代謝呼吸鏈的電化學(xué)活性菌有很大的不同。3.以Shewanella putrefaciens為MFCs陽(yáng)極催化劑,研究利用MFCs脫色橙黃I同時(shí)產(chǎn)電,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然橙黃I對(duì)Shewanella putrefaciens的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中造成一定的影響,但在微生物適應(yīng)之后還是在MFCs中表現(xiàn)出了較好的脫色橙黃I和對(duì)外產(chǎn)電的能力。在橙黃I初始濃度為100mg/L時(shí),MFCs的最大輸出功率達(dá)到了4070.6mW/m3,對(duì)應(yīng)的電流密度為10.86A/m3,MFCs內(nèi)阻約為300 Q,在MFCs的一個(gè)周期內(nèi),橙黃I的脫色率達(dá)到了95%,并且橙黃I的最終濃度降低到6.91mg/L。4.以Shewanella putrefaciens為MFCs陽(yáng)極催化劑時(shí),對(duì)有機(jī)污染物鄰氨基苯酚降解發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然鄰氨基苯酚的降解效率不是很高,仍有46.6%,但MFCs的最大輸出電流密度和最大輸出功率密度分別達(dá)到了6322mA/m3和5871.3mW/m3。
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) directly convert the chemical energy of organic substrates into electric energy through the metabolism of microorganisms. Thus, the process of realizing the oxidation and decomposition of organic substrates and generating electricity. MFCs is not only a clean renewable new energy. It is also a new device which can be used to treat environmental wastes and pollutants. At present, the research of using MFCs to treat environmental wastes and pollutants is still at the stage of laboratory research. This study focused on how to improve the substrate utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency of MFCs and reduce the factors affecting the performance of MFCs. Ochrobactrum sp.575 or Shewanella putrefaciens were used as anode catalysts for MFCs. 50 mm potassium ferricyanide was used as the final electron acceptor and carbon brush as anode and cathode. The feasibility of using waste xylose, azo dye orange yellow I and o-aminophenol to produce electricity by MFCs was studied. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. The pure bacterial MFCs we constructed can effectively degrade xylose. The decolorization of orange I and the oxidation of o-aminophenol simultaneously outputted electric energy, and the single bacterium MFCs could repeatedly decompose the substrate and output electric energy for a long time. This provides the research idea for the high efficiency and low energy consumption treatment of the same type organic matter. It also provides the scientific basis and technical basis for the practical application of microbial fuel cell technology. 2. Using a new strain of Ochrobactrum. Sp.575 was used as anodic catalyst for xylose MFCs. Firstly, Ochrobactrum sp.575 was acclimated under the electric field of MFCs. The results showed that Ochrobactrum sp.575 could effectively improve the catalytic efficiency of MFCs anode microorganisms. Thus, the output current density of MFCs can be significantly increased, when Ochrobactrum sp.575 is used as catalyst after three acclimation. The final utilization ratio of xylose in MFCs was 97.16% (initial concentration of xylose was 100 mg / L ~ (-1)), and the maximum output current density of MFCs was 3 071.8 mA / m ~ 3. The maximum output power density is 2625mW / m3, which is higher than that of MFCs based on xylose. This provides a new idea for the efficient utilization of xylose. The results also showed that xylose was metabolized by microorganism in MFCs and the product was produced by fumaric acid. However, the presence of fumaric acid was not found in normal aerobic culture bacteria, which indicated that Ochrobactrum sp.575 was used as catalyst in MFCs. The metabolic respiratory chain was mainly oxidized by succinic acid. This is very different from the traditional NADH oxidation respiratory chain as the metabolic respiratory chain electrochemical active bacteria. 3. Using Shewanella. Putrefaciens is anodic catalyst for MFCs. Using MFCs to decolorize orange I and produce electricity at the same time, it was found that orange I had a certain effect on the growth of Shewanella putrefaciens. But after microorganism acclimation, it showed good ability of decolorizing orange I and producing electricity in MFCs, when the initial concentration of orange I was 100mg / L. The maximum output power of MFCs is 4070.6mW / m3 and the corresponding current density is 10.86A / m3MFCs with an internal resistance of 300Q. within one period of MFCs. The decolorization rate of orange I was 95%. The final concentration of orange I was reduced to 6.91 mg / L. 4. When Shewanella putrefaciens was used as anode catalyst for MFCs. It was found that the degradation efficiency of o-aminophenol was 46.6%, although the degradation efficiency of o-aminophenol was not very high. However, the maximum output current density and maximum output power density of MFCs are 6322 Ma / m3 and 5871.3 MW / m3, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.45;X703

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