【摘要】：就有關(guān)厄爾尼諾通過(guò)西北太平洋異常反氣旋影響東亞大氣環(huán)流和中國(guó)降水年際變異的研究進(jìn)展作了系統(tǒng)回顧,說(shuō)明了與厄爾尼諾相關(guān)聯(lián)的西北太平洋異常反氣旋的形成機(jī)理以及對(duì)東亞大氣環(huán)流和中國(guó)降水影響的物理過(guò)程.厄爾尼諾盛期時(shí),熱帶西太平洋對(duì)流異常減弱造成的冷卻異常,激發(fā)出大氣Rossby波響應(yīng),導(dǎo)致了西北太平洋異常反氣旋的產(chǎn)生.而熱帶西太平洋對(duì)流異常冷卻的持續(xù)、西北太平洋局地海氣相互作用以及熱帶印度洋和大西洋海溫異常的持續(xù)等多種因子,導(dǎo)致了西北太平洋異常反氣旋從厄爾尼諾盛期時(shí)的冬季持續(xù)到次年夏季.西北太平洋異常反氣旋不僅對(duì)中國(guó)降水產(chǎn)生同期影響,也對(duì)厄爾尼諾次年夏季的中國(guó)降水產(chǎn)生滯后影響,導(dǎo)致中國(guó)南方降水異常偏多.本文也指出東亞大氣環(huán)流和中國(guó)降水在拉尼娜冬半年不存在與厄爾尼諾相反的顯著異常,說(shuō)明了厄爾尼諾和拉尼娜對(duì)冬半年?yáng)|亞大氣環(huán)流和中國(guó)降水具有不對(duì)稱(chēng)影響.文中還討論了厄爾尼諾的多樣性及其影響、影響西北太平洋異常反氣旋持續(xù)性的各因子與中國(guó)夏季降水異常的聯(lián)系,并提出了一些需要進(jìn)一步研究的問(wèn)題.
[Abstract]:The research progress on the influence of El Ni 帽 o on the atmospheric circulation in East Asia and the interannual variation of precipitation in China through the abnormal anticyclone in the Northwest Pacific is reviewed systematically, and the formation mechanism of the abnormal anticyclone in the northwest Pacific associated with El Nino and the physical process of its influence on the atmospheric circulation in East Asia and precipitation in China are explained. In the peak period of El Ni 帽 o, the cooling anomaly caused by the weakening of convective anomaly in the tropical western Pacific excites the response of atmospheric Rossby wave, which leads to the occurrence of abnormal anticyclone in the northwest Pacific. However, the persistence of convective anomaly cooling in the tropical western Pacific, the local sea-air interaction in the northwest Pacific and the persistence of the tropical Indian Ocean and Atlantic SST anomalies lead to the continuation of the abnormal anticyclone in the northwest Pacific from winter to the summer of the following year. The abnormal anticyclone in the northwest Pacific not only affects the precipitation in China at the same time, but also has a lagging effect on the precipitation in China in the summer of the following year, which leads to the abnormal precipitation in southern China. It is also pointed out that there are no significant anomalies in East Asian atmospheric circulation and precipitation in China in the winter six months of La Nina, which indicates that El Ni 帽 o and La Nina have asymmetrical effects on East Asian atmospheric circulation and Chinese precipitation in winter half a year. The diversity of El Ni 帽 o and its influence are also discussed, and the relationship between the factors affecting the persistence of abnormal anticyclone in the northwest Pacific and the summer precipitation anomalies in China is also discussed, and some problems that need to be further studied are put forward.
【作者單位】： 復(fù)旦大學(xué)大氣科學(xué)研究院;中國(guó)氣象科學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):2015CB453203) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):2016YFA0600602) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):41661144017)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P732;P461.2

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