【摘要】：首先,由于黑潮附近渦旋非常活躍,本文利用1993～2010年的衛(wèi)星海表高度異常資料,運(yùn)用一種基于流場(chǎng)幾何特征的自動(dòng)渦旋探測(cè)方法,對(duì)黃東海中尺度渦旋的數(shù)量、大小、生命史、相對(duì)渦度等統(tǒng)計(jì)特征及其生成機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。共捕捉到7716個(gè)瞬時(shí)渦旋(生命期大于或等于4周),其中3790個(gè)氣旋型渦旋和3926個(gè)反氣旋型渦旋。渦旋平均生命期為7周,平均半徑為55千米,平均相對(duì)渦度為±0.1,且氣旋型渦旋與反氣旋型渦旋的上述特征并無(wú)明顯差別。渦動(dòng)動(dòng)能較大值出現(xiàn)在黑潮以東,而黑潮以西渦動(dòng)動(dòng)能較小。氣旋型渦旋多生成于黑潮以西而反氣旋型渦旋多生成于黑潮以東,關(guān)于黑潮主軸對(duì)稱(chēng)分布。黑潮是附近海域渦旋的主要生成機(jī)制之一,且氣旋型渦旋與其流量時(shí)間序列十分吻合,而由于地形作用和外海傳入的干擾,使得反氣旋型渦旋同時(shí)受制于其他因素。為了深入研究渦旋的三維結(jié)構(gòu)和能量輸送,進(jìn)行更精細(xì)化的時(shí)空分析,重點(diǎn)對(duì)黃海海域海溫與海流的季節(jié)性特征以及典型渦旋個(gè)例進(jìn)行診斷和數(shù)值模擬。通過(guò)探討氣旋型與反氣旋型兩類(lèi)渦旋個(gè)例的熱動(dòng)力和能量輸送特征,得出結(jié)論：在黃海海域,氣旋型渦旋和反氣旋型渦旋的冷、暖中心并非存在于海洋表面,均呈現(xiàn)于25米左右深度。且氣旋型渦旋的能量在水平方向上輻散,在垂直方向上呈現(xiàn)不對(duì)稱(chēng)性,流速?gòu)?qiáng)的部分能量下傳更深更迅速。反氣旋型渦旋的能量在水平方向上呈現(xiàn)輻合,在垂直方向上比較均勻,整體能量傳輸小于氣旋型渦旋。FVCOM數(shù)值模擬對(duì)黃海海域渦旋進(jìn)行的精細(xì)化時(shí)空結(jié)構(gòu)與非對(duì)稱(chēng)能量輸送時(shí)間演變的模擬與診斷顯示：所模擬的氣旋型渦旋較反氣旋型渦旋從范圍、強(qiáng)度、深度等方面均更大。它們的動(dòng)量能量的傳輸深度、傳輸速度、傳輸持續(xù)時(shí)段都更深厚、更強(qiáng)、更長(zhǎng)。對(duì)于氣旋型渦旋,其中心部分較環(huán)狀側(cè)面部位能量傳輸更強(qiáng)更快更深。并且其環(huán)流的非對(duì)稱(chēng)性顯著,也導(dǎo)致動(dòng)量能量傳輸?shù)姆菍?duì)稱(chēng)結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)與反氣旋式渦旋,由于強(qiáng)度弱,層次淺,動(dòng)量能量傳輸?shù)姆菍?duì)稱(chēng)性不顯著,此外地形及水深對(duì)海流渦旋深度的影響也很顯著。
[Abstract]:First of all, because the vortex near the Kuroshio is very active, this paper uses the satellite sea surface height anomaly data from 1993 to 2010, and uses an automatic vortex detection method based on the geometric characteristics of the flow field to determine the number and size of the meso-scale vortex in the Yellow and East China Sea. The statistical characteristics such as life history, relative vorticity and their generation mechanism are studied. A total of 7716 instantaneous vortexes (lifetime greater than or equal to 4 weeks) were captured, including 3790 cyclonic vortices and 3926 anticyclonic vortices. The average life period of vortex is 7 weeks, the average radius is 55 km, and the average relative vorticity is 鹵0.1. There is no significant difference between cyclonic vortex and anticyclonic vortex. The larger value of vortex kinetic energy appears to the east of Kuroshio, while the westward vortex kinetic energy of Kuroshio is smaller. The cyclonic vortex is mostly formed to the west of the Kuroshio and the anticyclonic vortex is mostly to the east of the Kuroshio, which is about the symmetrical distribution of the Kuroshio principal axis. The Kuroshio is one of the main generating mechanisms of the vortex in the nearby sea area, and the cyclonic vortex is in good agreement with its flow time series. However, due to the topographic action and the incoming interference of the outer sea, the anticyclonic vortex is restricted by other factors at the same time. In order to deeply study the three-dimensional structure and energy transport of vortex, a more refined temporal and spatial analysis is carried out, with emphasis on the seasonal characteristics of sea surface temperature and current in Huang Hai sea area, as well as the diagnosis and numerical simulation of typical vortex cases. By discussing the thermal power and energy transport characteristics of cyclonic vortex and anticyclonic vortex, it is concluded that the cold and warm center of cyclonic vortex and anticyclonic vortex does not exist on the ocean surface in Huang Hai sea area. They all appear at a depth of about 25 meters. The energy of the cyclonic vortex diverges horizontally and asymmetrically in the vertical direction, and the partial energy with strong velocity propagates deeper and faster. The energy of the anticyclonic vortex converges horizontally and evenly in the vertical direction. The whole energy transfer is smaller than that of cyclonic vortex. The simulation and diagnosis of fine space-time structure and asymmetric energy transport time evolution of vortex in Huang Hai sea area by FVCOM numerical simulation show that the simulated cyclonic vortex follows the range of anti-cyclonic vortex. Strength, depth and other aspects are greater. Their momentum energy transmission depth, transmission speed, transmission duration are deeper, stronger, longer. For cyclonic vortices, the energy transfer in the central part of the vortex is stronger, faster and deeper than that in the annular side. Moreover, the asymmetry of the circulation is significant, which also leads to the asymmetric structure of momentum energy transmission. For the anticyclonic vortex, because of its weak intensity and shallow level, the asymmetry of momentum energy transfer is not significant. In addition, the influence of topography and water depth on the current vortex depth is also very significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P732
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本文編號(hào)：2497058