【摘要】：利用1961年1月-2010年12月SODA的海面高度再分析資料、次表層溫度、風(fēng)應(yīng)力資料和OAFlux的通量資料以及GPCP的降水資料,采用EOF、交叉小波和回歸分析等統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,探討了熱帶太平洋海面高度低頻(季節(jié)、年際、年代際)時(shí)空變化特征及其影響因素。結(jié)果表明：(1)熱帶太平洋海面高度季節(jié)平均第一主模態(tài)與同期的ENSO事件密切相關(guān),其中秋冬季二者相關(guān)性較強(qiáng)；熱帶太平洋海面高度年際第一模態(tài)為類ENSO模態(tài),空間分布表現(xiàn)為熱帶中東太平洋與熱帶西太平洋位相相反,其顯著周期為5.75年、3.5年；海面高度年代際第一模態(tài)為類PDO模態(tài),其空間分布表現(xiàn)為東西方向的“蹺蹺板”分布,顯著區(qū)域位于美洲沿岸和新幾內(nèi)亞島東海岸,其顯著周期包括10-15年和30年。(2) El Nino (La Nina)事件演變期間各因子對赤道中東太平洋海面高度的影響物理過程為：西太平洋緯向風(fēng)應(yīng)力正(負(fù))異常使得表層暖水向東(西)運(yùn)動(dòng),暖海水在赤道中東太平洋輻合(輻散),溫躍層加深(變淺),海水熱脹(冷卻)效應(yīng)使得赤道中東太平洋海面高度正異常；同期正的海水熱含量異常有利于維持海洋的加熱(冷卻)狀態(tài),海氣耦合效應(yīng)使得海面凈熱通量為負(fù)(正)異常進(jìn)而抑制的海水的快速加熱(冷卻),減緩海面高度的快速上升(下降)；同時(shí),淡水通量在赤道中東太平洋發(fā)生正(負(fù))異常,有利于海面高度正異常的發(fā)生；以上綜合效應(yīng)使得赤道中東太平洋海面高度為正(負(fù))異常。各因子對熱帶西太平洋海面高度異常的作用則與上述物理過程相反。這種物理過程在El Nino (La Nina)發(fā)展年夏季開始出現(xiàn),秋冬季達(dá)到強(qiáng)盛期,翌年春季開始減弱。(3)年際尺度上,各影響因子(風(fēng)應(yīng)力、熱通量、淡水通量)與海面高度ENSO模態(tài)對應(yīng)的時(shí)間系數(shù)的回歸系數(shù)分布型態(tài)與合成分析中對應(yīng)的El Nino(La Nina)發(fā)展年秋冬季異常特征分布型態(tài)較為一致。(4)年代際尺度上,海面高度與海表溫度的顯著相關(guān)區(qū)位于熱帶東太平洋；與熱含量的顯著相關(guān)區(qū)域位于美洲沿岸和新幾內(nèi)亞島以東海域；與緯向風(fēng)應(yīng)力的顯著相關(guān)區(qū)位于熱帶中太平洋,而與經(jīng)向風(fēng)應(yīng)力的顯著相關(guān)區(qū)域則主要位于大洋沿岸區(qū)域。1961-2010年期間,熱含量與海面高度年代際異常相關(guān)性較為穩(wěn)定,緯向風(fēng)應(yīng)力與海面高度年代際異常相關(guān)性在熱帶太平洋中部較為穩(wěn)定,海表溫度與海面高度年代際異常相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性較差。
[Abstract]:Based on the sea surface height reanalysis data of SODA from January 1961 to December 2010, subsurface temperature, wind stress data, OAFlux flux data and GPCP precipitation data, EOF, cross wavelet and regression analysis are used. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sea surface height and low frequency (seasonal, interannual, Interdecadal) in the tropical Pacific Ocean and its influencing factors are discussed. The results show that: (1) the first main mode of seasonal average sea surface height in the tropical Pacific is closely related to the ENSO event in the same period, and there is a strong correlation between the two modes in autumn and winter; The first mode of sea surface height in tropical Pacific is ENSO-like mode, and the spatial distribution is opposite between tropical Middle East Pacific and tropical western Pacific, and its significant period is 5.75 years and 3.5 years. The first mode of sea surface height Interdecadal is PDO-like mode, and its spatial distribution is a seesaw distribution in the east-west direction, and the significant area is located along the coast of America and the east coast of New Guinea. The significant periods include 10-15 years and 30 years. (2) the physical process of the influence of various factors on the sea surface height of the equatorial Middle East Pacific during the evolution of the) El Nino (La Nina) event is that the zonal wind stress in the western Pacific leads to the positive (negative) anomaly of the zonal wind stress. The surface warm water moves east (west), Warm sea water converges (divergence) in the equatorial Middle East Pacific, and the thermocline deepens (shallower). The thermal expansion (cooling) effect of sea water makes the sea surface height of the equatorial Middle East Pacific positively abnormal. At the same time, the abnormal thermal content of seawater is beneficial to maintain the heating (cooling) state of the ocean, and the coupling effect of sea and air makes the net heat flux of the sea a negative (positive) anomaly and then suppresses the rapid heating (cooling) of sea water. Slow down the rapid rise (decline) of sea surface height; At the same time, the positive (negative) anomalies of freshwater fluxes occur in the equatorial Middle East Pacific, which is beneficial to the occurrence of positive anomalies in sea surface height, and the above comprehensive effects make the sea surface height in the equatorial Middle East Pacific a positive (negative) anomaly. The effect of each factor on the sea surface height anomaly in the tropical western Pacific is opposite to the above physical process. This physical process began to appear in the summer of the El Nino (La Nina) development year, reached a strong period in autumn and winter, and began to weaken in the spring of the following year. (3) on the interannual scale, the influencing factors (wind stress, heat flux, The regression coefficient distribution pattern of the time coefficient corresponding to the ENSO mode of the sea surface height is consistent with the abnormal distribution pattern of the autumn and winter of the El Nino (La Nina) development year in the synthetic analysis. (4) on the Interdecadal scale, The significant correlation between sea surface height and sea surface temperature is located in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. The significant correlation area with heat content is located along the coast of America and east of New Guinea Island. The significant correlation area with zonal wind stress is located in the tropical central Pacific, while the significant correlation area with meridional wind stress is mainly located along the ocean coast. From 1961 to 2010, the correlation between heat content and Interdecadal anomaly of sea surface height is stable. The correlation between zonal wind stress and sea surface height Interdecadal anomaly is stable in the central tropical Pacific Ocean, but the correlation stability between sea surface temperature and sea surface height Interdecadal anomaly is poor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P731.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李艷芳;左軍成;李娟;陳美香;;熱帶太平洋海面風(fēng)的年際變化對海平面變化的影響[J];中國海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年12期

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