【摘要】：深海環(huán)境下的大壓力問(wèn)題是進(jìn)行深海資源探索開(kāi)發(fā)的儀器設(shè)備所面臨的首要解決的共性問(wèn)題。壓力平衡的方法已成為解決這一問(wèn)題的首選方案。波紋管作為彈性平衡元件在各種壓力位移補(bǔ)償場(chǎng)合得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，而波紋管結(jié)構(gòu)的選取決定了平衡性能的優(yōu)劣。 首先，利用有限元法對(duì)波紋管進(jìn)行了非線(xiàn)性分析（材料非線(xiàn)性、波紋管的大撓度），并由此計(jì)算得到波紋管的允許位移；進(jìn)一步分析了波紋管的幾何參數(shù)對(duì)波紋管性能的關(guān)系。這里主要分析了外徑、波數(shù)、壁厚、波高對(duì)波紋管軸向剛度的影響，總結(jié)了波紋管式壓力平衡結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)原則。并運(yùn)用正交試驗(yàn)的方法對(duì)波紋管的各幾何參數(shù)對(duì)其性能影響關(guān)系進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，并由此得到了最優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合。 其次，對(duì)深海壓力平衡用波紋管的疲勞壽命進(jìn)行了分析，并得到各結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)（壁厚、波數(shù)、外徑）對(duì)波紋管疲勞壽命影響的關(guān)系，為波紋管的設(shè)計(jì)選用提供了指導(dǎo)作用。 最后，運(yùn)用數(shù)值積分法，提出了波紋管的體積變化量的計(jì)算方法；基于液體的可壓縮性，推導(dǎo)出了波紋管變形后的體積變化量與波紋管的內(nèi)外壓差的關(guān)系式，并給出了波紋管的工作水深與內(nèi)外壓差的詳細(xì)計(jì)算流程；針對(duì)以上的分析，設(shè)計(jì)了一種波紋管式壓力平衡裝置，能夠測(cè)量深海下大壓力的同時(shí)也能測(cè)量微小壓力的變化。
[Abstract]:The problem of great pressure in deep-sea environment is the first common problem for instruments and equipment for deep-sea resources exploration and development. The method of pressure balance has become the first choice to solve this problem. As an elastic balance element, bellows have been widely used in various pressure and displacement compensation occasions, and the selection of bellows structure determines the advantages and disadvantages of the balance performance. Firstly, the nonlinear analysis of bellows (material nonlinear, large deflection of bellows) is carried out by using finite element method, and the allowable displacement of bellows is calculated, and the relationship between geometric parameters of bellows and the performance of bellows is further analyzed. In this paper, the effects of outer diameter, wavenumber, wall thickness and wave height on the axial stiffness of bellows are analyzed, and the design principles of bellows pressure balance structures are summarized. The orthogonal test method is used to optimize the relationship between the geometric parameters of bellows and their performance, and the optimal combination of parameters is obtained. Secondly, the fatigue life of bellows for deep sea pressure balance is analyzed, and the relationship between the influence of structural parameters (wall thickness, wavenumber, outer diameter) on the fatigue life of bellows is obtained, which provides guidance for the design and selection of bellows. Finally, the numerical integration method is used to calculate the volume change of bellows. Based on the compressibility of liquid, the relationship between the volume change of bellows after deformation and the internal and external pressure difference of bellows is derived, and the detailed calculation flow chart of working water depth and internal and external pressure difference of bellows is given. In view of the above analysis, a bellows pressure balance device is designed, which can measure the large pressure in the deep sea and the change of the small pressure at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P742

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