20世紀(jì)40年代初以來中國大陸海岸線變化特征
[Abstract]:Based on multi-temporal map data, remote sensing images and field survey covering the entire continental coastal zone, the data of the Chinese mainland coastline in six phases since the early 1940s were established, and the coastline structure, the coastline fractal and the coastline change rate were established from the shoreline structure, the coastline fractal and the shoreline change rate. Land-sea pattern and gulf area are used to analyze the characteristics of coastline variation in mainland China in the past 70 years. The conclusions are as follows: the structure of the continental coastline has changed significantly, and the artificial shoreline is the most important feature. At present, the proportion of the natural shoreline is less than 1 / 3; The fractal dimension of the continental coastline is characterized by the macroscopic pattern of "the whole north and the south". However, in recent years, the rapid process of shoreline artificial transformation in the northern coastal zone has significantly changed the fractal characteristics of the coastline in mainland China by greatly reducing the difference of the fractal dimension between the north and the south of the coastline. The land-sea pattern and process characteristics of the continental coastal areas are complex, with more than 68% of the coasts generally expanding to the sea and over 22% of the coasts generally retreating to the land, while the net change results in an increase of nearly 14200 km~2, in the land area. The average growth rate was 202.82km~2 a ~ (- 1); The total area shrinkage of the 93 main gulfs along the continental coast is about 10100 km~2, with an average shrinkage rate of 18.19% and 144.20 km / 2a ~ (- 1), respectively, and the total area of the Bohai Sea area has decreased by 7.06%, with an average annual decrease of 82 km 路m ~ (- 2). The drastic change of continental coastline leads to and aggravates many problems in coastal zone and offshore area, and it is urgent to strengthen the protection, management and sustainable utilization of continental coastline resources.
【作者單位】: 中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】:中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(編號:XDA05130703);中國科學(xué)院重點(diǎn)部署項(xiàng)目(編號:KZZD-EW-14)資助 國家自然科學(xué)基金國際合作與交流項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號:NSFC-BF/IGFA 31461143032)
【分類號】:P737.1
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