【摘要】：隨著人類對(duì)海洋資源開(kāi)發(fā)逐漸加深,對(duì)海洋要素的監(jiān)測(cè)變得尤為重要。通過(guò)海洋浮標(biāo)對(duì)海洋要素實(shí)施監(jiān)測(cè),已經(jīng)被越來(lái)越多的國(guó)家所認(rèn)同。海洋浮標(biāo)對(duì)比于其他監(jiān)測(cè)方式的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于:它可以對(duì)多種海洋要素進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),例如風(fēng)速、流速、波浪周期、溫度等。并且它的運(yùn)行以及維護(hù)成本要低于通過(guò)船舶、飛機(jī)的監(jiān)測(cè)方式。通過(guò)多點(diǎn)的投放,海洋浮標(biāo)可以擴(kuò)大監(jiān)測(cè)的范圍。但由于海洋環(huán)境十分復(fù)雜,這就不能確保海洋浮標(biāo)能夠持久的、穩(wěn)定的對(duì)特定的海域進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),這也局限了海洋浮標(biāo)的大規(guī)模投入使用。本論文在收集當(dāng)前海洋浮標(biāo)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)對(duì)比不同種類浮標(biāo)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),結(jié)合實(shí)際需要,提出了一款新型浮標(biāo)。它不僅可以通過(guò)本身所自帶的減速裝置、控制系統(tǒng)、定位系統(tǒng)和推力系統(tǒng),使浮標(biāo)能夠更長(zhǎng)久在特定的海域內(nèi)工作。而且通過(guò)浮子與減速裝置的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng),利用發(fā)電裝置將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化成電能,轉(zhuǎn)化的電能將為監(jiān)控儀器以及推動(dòng)設(shè)備提供能量。使海洋浮標(biāo)具有更廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。文章基于線性波理論,對(duì)浮標(biāo)系統(tǒng)在垂直方向上進(jìn)行力學(xué)建模分析。文章以浮子和減速裝置的位移差為目標(biāo)函數(shù),合理選擇浮子以及減速裝置的幾何尺寸,對(duì)比彈性連接與無(wú)彈性連接條件下浮標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性。根據(jù)已選定的尺寸,確定計(jì)算浮標(biāo)橫向力的方法。介紹Morison公式的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式,并進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)、變形,以適用于筆者所設(shè)計(jì)的新型浮標(biāo)工作的條件。通過(guò)建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,對(duì)浮標(biāo)在水平方向上的運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析。對(duì)比考慮彈性的膜結(jié)構(gòu)的減速裝置、不考慮彈性的膜結(jié)構(gòu)的減速裝置以及固定結(jié)構(gòu)的減速裝置的減速效果。其中,在分析考慮彈性膜結(jié)構(gòu)的減速裝置過(guò)程中。運(yùn)用動(dòng)力松弛法對(duì)膜結(jié)構(gòu)找形分析,通過(guò)最小二乘法對(duì)找形的精度進(jìn)行分析。運(yùn)用有限元分析軟件對(duì)關(guān)于膜結(jié)構(gòu)找形的部分進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,通過(guò)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析軟件ADAMS建立虛擬模型。對(duì)浮標(biāo)進(jìn)行垂直、水平動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,驗(yàn)證理論分析的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the exploitation of marine resources, the monitoring of marine elements becomes more and more important. The monitoring of marine elements through ocean buoys has been recognized by more and more countries. The advantage of ocean buoy over other monitoring methods is that it can monitor a variety of ocean elements, such as wind speed, velocity, wave period, temperature, and so on. And its operation and maintenance costs are lower than the way through which ships and aircraft are monitored. Through multi-point delivery, ocean buoys can expand the scope of monitoring. However, due to the complexity of the marine environment, the marine buoys can not be long-term and stable monitoring of specific sea areas, which also limits the large-scale use of marine buoys. This paper presents a new type of buoy by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of buoys on the basis of collecting the current data of ocean buoys and combining with the practical needs. It can not only make the buoy work longer in a specific sea area through its own deceleration system, control system, positioning system and thrust system. And through the relative motion of float and deceleration device, the mechanical energy can be converted into electric energy by using power generating device, which will provide energy for monitoring instrument and driving equipment. So that the ocean buoy has a wider application prospect. Based on the linear wave theory, the mechanical modeling of buoy system in vertical direction is carried out in this paper. Taking the displacement difference between float and deceleration device as the objective function, the geometric dimensions of float and deceleration device are reasonably selected, and the motion characteristics of buoy system under the condition of elastic connection and inelastic connection are compared. The method for calculating the lateral force of the buoy is determined based on the selected dimensions. This paper introduces the standard form of Morison formula, and deduces and deforms it in order to apply to the working condition of the new buoy designed by the author. The movement of buoy in horizontal direction is analyzed by establishing mathematical model. The deceleration effect of the membrane structure deceleration device without elastic structure and the fixed structure deceleration device is compared with that of the elastic membrane structure deceleration device. Among them, in the analysis of the elastic film structure of the deceleration device process. The dynamic relaxation method is used to analyze the shape finding of membrane structure, and the accuracy of shape finding is analyzed by least square method. Finite element analysis software was used to verify the shape finding of membrane structure, and a virtual model was established by dynamic analysis software ADAMS. The vertical and horizontal dynamic analysis of the buoy is carried out to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P715.2

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