【摘要】：潮流能是一種潛力巨大的清潔可再生能源,因其具有能量密度大、可預(yù)測(cè)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到世界各國(guó)的青睞。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外運(yùn)行的潮流能發(fā)電裝置,其支撐結(jié)構(gòu)形式主要有重力式、樁柱式和漂浮式,其中重力式結(jié)構(gòu)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)成熟,且固定于海底,作業(yè)狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定,是大多數(shù)潮流能水輪機(jī)載體設(shè)計(jì)的首選形式。潮流能水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)是承載水輪機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)部件,是水輪機(jī)安全、穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的保證,同時(shí)也是影響潮流能電站經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的重要因素之一,因此,潮流能水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文提出了一種新型重力式潮流水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu),并利用ANSYS有限元軟件對(duì)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和性能分析。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括:(1)系統(tǒng)地回顧了國(guó)內(nèi)外潮流能應(yīng)用的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,在歸納總結(jié)了各類潮流水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)分類形式的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了2×600kW重力式潮流能水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的形式;(2)確定設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件主尺度和布置形式,根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)海況資料,參照DNV-OS-J101規(guī)范,計(jì)算出支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)載荷,包括:風(fēng)載荷、波浪載荷、海流載荷以及冰載荷,并考慮了 12種載荷組合工況;(3)利用ANSYS有限元軟件對(duì)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行靜力強(qiáng)度分析,校核支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度與剛度;(4)基于響應(yīng)面法,利用NLPQL (Non-Linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian)優(yōu)化算法對(duì)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)主要構(gòu)件進(jìn)行尺寸優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),獲得了更為合理的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)自重減輕了 9%; (5)考慮結(jié)構(gòu)的剛化效應(yīng),對(duì)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得到支撐結(jié)構(gòu)固有頻率。結(jié)果表明支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的固有頻率避開(kāi)了水輪機(jī)工作的激振頻率以及立柱主體渦激振動(dòng)頻率,結(jié)構(gòu)不會(huì)發(fā)生共振;(6)研究了支撐結(jié)構(gòu)立柱在環(huán)向、軸向的穩(wěn)定性,分別進(jìn)行了特征值屈曲分析和雙非線性屈曲分析。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明立柱部分所受的環(huán)向、軸向工作載荷未超過(guò)特征值屈曲和雙非線性屈曲分析所計(jì)算出的臨界屈曲載荷,立柱結(jié)構(gòu)不會(huì)發(fā)生屈曲失穩(wěn)。計(jì)算結(jié)果均表明本文設(shè)計(jì)的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)安全、合理,本文的研究工作為重力式潮流水輪機(jī)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和分析提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Tidal energy is a kind of clean renewable energy with great potential. It has many advantages, such as high energy density, high predictability and so on, which have been favored by many countries all over the world. At present, the main supporting structures of the tidal current energy generating devices at home and abroad are gravity type, pile type and floating type, in which the gravity structure production technology is mature, and it is fixed on the bottom of the sea, and the operation condition is stable. It is the first choice for the design of most tidal turbine carriers. The supporting structure of tidal turbine is the basic component of carrying hydraulic turbine, it is the guarantee of safe and stable operation of hydraulic turbine, and it is also one of the important factors affecting the economic benefit of tidal power station. The research on the design of the support structure of tidal turbine has important practical significance. In this paper, a new type of gravity tidal turbine bracing structure is proposed, and the structural optimization design and performance analysis of the supporting structure are carried out by using ANSYS finite element software. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the current situation of the application of tidal current energy at home and abroad is reviewed systematically, and on the basis of summarizing the classification forms of various types of tidal turbine support structures, the main contents of this paper are as follows: The supporting structure of 2 脳 600kW gravity tidal turbine is presented. (2) to determine the main dimensions and layout forms of the designed structural members, and to calculate the design loads of the supporting structures, including wind loads, wave loads, ocean current loads and ice loads, according to the data of the design sea conditions and referring to the DNV-OS-J101 code. At the same time, 12 kinds of combined load conditions are taken into account. (3) the static strength analysis of bracing structure is carried out by using ANSYS finite element software, and the strength and stiffness of bracing structure are checked. (4) based on the response surface method, the NLPQL (Non-Linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian) optimization algorithm is used to optimize the size of the main members of the support structure, and a more reasonable structural design is obtained. The weight of the optimized structure is reduced by 9%. (5) considering the stiffness effect of the structure, the modal analysis of the brace structure is carried out, and the natural frequency of the brace structure is obtained. The results show that the natural frequency of the braced structure avoids the excitation frequency of the hydraulic turbine and the vortex-induced vibration frequency of the main column, and the resonance of the structure will not occur. (6) the stability of braced columns in circumferential and axial direction is studied. Eigenvalue buckling analysis and double nonlinear buckling analysis are carried out respectively. The results show that the axial and circumferential loads do not exceed the critical buckling loads calculated by eigenvalue buckling and double nonlinear buckling analysis, and the buckling instability of the column structure will not occur. The calculation results show that the support structure designed in this paper is safe and reasonable. The research work in this paper provides a reference for the design and analysis of the bracing structure of gravity tidal turbine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P743.1;TK730.2

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本文編號(hào)：2467179