【摘要】：海洋柔性立管是海洋油氣資源開發(fā)中的主要裝備之一,根據(jù)海況和安全需求的不同,立管在水中會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出各種線型,而這些線型的維持,都離不開浮力附件。浮力附件的種類很多,其中最常見、最經(jīng)濟(jì)的是分布式浮力模塊,主要由外部的塑料保護(hù)層、內(nèi)部的固體浮力材料以及連接結(jié)構(gòu)組成。在海洋環(huán)境荷載和立管隨波運(yùn)動(dòng)作用下,浮力模塊與立管的連接處會(huì)產(chǎn)生不均勻接觸,甚至發(fā)生相對(duì)滑動(dòng)現(xiàn)象,造成連接的失效,這也是實(shí)際應(yīng)用中最常見的失效模式,因此對(duì)連接結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)尤為重要。雖然分布式浮力模塊的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,但是這類附件的設(shè)計(jì)制造技術(shù)仍然被國(guó)外壟斷,打破這種國(guó)內(nèi)空白的現(xiàn)象,實(shí)現(xiàn)浮力裝備國(guó)產(chǎn)化將會(huì)成為我國(guó)海洋油氣資源開發(fā)的一大進(jìn)步。 本文首先調(diào)研總結(jié)了世界上通用的浮力裝備的主要形式和分類,并詳細(xì)介紹國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)浮力裝備的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,通過研究在各種荷載下的失效模式,提出設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則,并基于失效模式給出分布式浮力模塊的整體結(jié)構(gòu)、加工材料和連接性能的設(shè)計(jì)方法和研究路線�？紤]到連接性能的重要性,提出理論與數(shù)值兩種研究方法,并基于過盈連接建立詳細(xì)的有限元模型,主要針對(duì)立管夾對(duì)管道的最大接觸壓力、最大等效應(yīng)力和連接性能的影響,采用數(shù)值仿真方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行正常運(yùn)行狀態(tài)與危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)下的模擬工況分析,得到規(guī)律性結(jié)論,并給出最佳過盈量和接觸區(qū)域長(zhǎng)度的取值方法。最后以“863”國(guó)家項(xiàng)目為設(shè)計(jì)分析實(shí)例,對(duì)分布式浮力模塊進(jìn)行整體設(shè)計(jì),得到滿足立管要求的浮力模塊主體與連接結(jié)構(gòu),并保證在惡劣海況下仍能保持正常工作狀態(tài)。 本論文的工作主要以國(guó)家“863”計(jì)劃課題為依托進(jìn)行開展,將對(duì)我國(guó)自主研發(fā)海洋柔性立管附件有著非常重要的意義。
[Abstract]:The marine flexible riser is one of the main equipments in the exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources. According to the different sea conditions and safety requirements, the riser presents various linetypes in the water, and the maintenance of these linetypes is inseparable from the buoyancy accessories. There are many kinds of buoyancy accessories, among which the most common and economical one is distributed buoyancy module, which mainly consists of outer plastic protective layer, internal solid buoyancy material and connection structure. Under the action of marine environmental load and vertical pipe following wave motion, the connection of buoyancy module and riser will produce non-uniform contact, even relative sliding phenomenon, resulting in the failure of connection, which is also the most common failure mode in practical application. Therefore, it is very important to design the connection structure. Although the structure of distributed buoyancy module is simple, the design and manufacture technology of this kind of accessories is still monopolized by foreign countries, breaking this phenomenon of domestic blank, realizing the localization of buoyancy equipment will be a great progress in the exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources in our country. In this paper, the main forms and classification of the universal buoyancy equipment in the world are investigated and summarized, and the development status of buoyancy equipment at home and abroad is introduced in detail, and the design criteria are put forward by studying the failure modes under various loads. Based on the failure mode, the whole structure of the distributed buoyancy module, the design method and research route of the machining material and connection performance are given. Considering the importance of connection performance, two methods of theoretical and numerical research are proposed, and a detailed finite element model based on interference connection is established, which is mainly aimed at the influence of riser clamp on the maximum contact pressure, maximum equivalent stress and joint performance of pipe. The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the simulated working conditions under the normal and dangerous conditions, and the regular conclusions are obtained, and the method of selecting the optimum excess amount and the length of the contact area is given. Finally, taking the "863" national project as an example, the whole design of the distributed buoyancy module is carried out, and the main body and the connecting structure of the buoyancy module which meet the requirements of riser are obtained, and the normal working state can be guaranteed under bad sea conditions. The work of this paper is mainly carried out on the basis of the "863" project, which will be of great significance to the independent research and development of marine flexible riser accessories in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P742

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