【摘要】：由于淡水資源的多度開(kāi)發(fā)以及水體污染的日益加重,水資源的缺乏日益嚴(yán)重。海水淡化有助于緩解水資源短缺的現(xiàn)狀。經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的發(fā)展,海水淡化技術(shù)已經(jīng)被廣泛使用,但仍舊存在許多不足,需要新技術(shù)的填補(bǔ)。滲透汽化膜技術(shù)作為一種新興的膜技術(shù)多被用于有機(jī)溶液的分離、脫水等領(lǐng)域。近期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)新型的磺化滲透汽化膜對(duì)水分子就有較高的通量,并且能處理高濃度鹽水,使其有望成為新一代海水淡化膜技術(shù)。本論文采用一種高水通量的磺化高分子非對(duì)稱滲透汽化膜,研制了新型的滲透汽化膜組器裝置。該裝置使用的是自行研制的新型自支撐板框式膜組器,膜組器采用白剛玉砂輪作為膜下側(cè)支撐材料,不銹鋼框架作為固定連接部件。裝置的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程主要包括：根據(jù)溫度、真空度和料液濃度對(duì)膜通量的影響確定裝置的基本工藝條件；使用數(shù)學(xué)模型對(duì)膜上下兩側(cè)的溫度場(chǎng)變化進(jìn)行了模擬,使用FLUENT軟件對(duì)板間距對(duì)蒸汽流動(dòng)阻力的影響進(jìn)行了模擬,由此確定膜組器中板框尺寸的,以及料液的加熱方式；根據(jù)砂輪尺寸設(shè)計(jì)膜組器,并為膜組器的設(shè)計(jì)配套裝置,裝置包括料液循環(huán)加熱系統(tǒng)、真空冷凝系統(tǒng)和檢測(cè)控制系統(tǒng)；按照設(shè)計(jì)圖紙對(duì)裝置進(jìn)行加工組裝；對(duì)裝置進(jìn)行優(yōu)化改進(jìn),采用流體模擬軟件FLUENT對(duì)板框中的流場(chǎng)分布進(jìn)行了模擬優(yōu)化,并用染色測(cè)試法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證；最后對(duì)改進(jìn)后的裝置進(jìn)行了運(yùn)行能力評(píng)估,評(píng)估結(jié)果表明：在處理3.5wt%NaCl鹽水時(shí),產(chǎn)水量可達(dá)到70 L/d。
[Abstract]:Due to the exploitation of fresh water resources and the aggravation of water pollution, the shortage of water resources is becoming more and more serious. Desalination helps to alleviate the shortage of water resources. After decades of development, desalination technology has been widely used, but there are still many deficiencies, which need to be filled by new technology. Pervaporation membrane technology, as a new membrane technology, is widely used in the separation and dehydration of organic solutions. Recently, it has been found that the sulfonated pervaporation membrane has a high flux to water molecules and can deal with high concentration of salt water, which makes it a promising new generation seawater desalination membrane technology. In this paper, a novel pervaporation membrane assembler was developed by using a high water flux sulfonated polymer asymmetric pervaporation membrane. The device uses a new type of self-supporting plate frame membrane assembler which uses white corundum grinding wheel as the underside supporting material and stainless steel frame as the fixed connecting part. The design process of the device mainly includes: the basic process conditions of the unit are determined according to the influence of temperature, vacuum degree and liquid concentration on the flux of the membrane; The temperature field on the upper and lower sides of the membrane was simulated by using mathematical model, and the effect of plate spacing on the resistance of steam flow was simulated by using FLUENT software, so as to determine the size of the plate and frame in the membrane assembler and the heating mode of the liquid. According to the size of grinding wheel, the membrane assembler is designed, and the device includes material-liquid circulation heating system, vacuum condensation system and detection control system, and the device is processed and assembled according to the design drawing. The flow field distribution in the plate and frame is simulated and optimized by the fluid simulation software FLUENT and verified by the dyeing test method. Finally, the operation capacity of the improved plant is evaluated, and the results show that the water yield can reach 70 L / d when the 3.5wt%NaCl salt water is treated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P747.6

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本文編號(hào)：2436043