【摘要】：能源短缺和環(huán)境污染成為制約社會發(fā)展的一個瓶頸，海洋能作為一種可再生的清潔能源，主要包括潮汐能、潮流能、波浪能、溫差能等，世界各國對海洋能的開發(fā)與利用越來越重視。本課題在2011年海洋可再生能源專項資金項目“用于海洋資料浮標觀測系統(tǒng)的波浪能供電關鍵技術的研究與實驗”的資助下，針對波浪能發(fā)電裝置深處環(huán)境惡劣的海洋、遠離海岸、維修困難的特點，設計了基于STM32的波浪能發(fā)電裝置離岸監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，以實時監(jiān)測波浪能發(fā)電裝置的工作狀態(tài)，使波浪能發(fā)電裝置的維護模式從計劃檢修轉變?yōu)闋顟B(tài)監(jiān)測、按需維修。 論文首先介紹了波浪能發(fā)電裝置的基本結構及工作原理，針對波浪能發(fā)電裝置電壓、電流、轉速等參數的監(jiān)測需要，，設計了波浪能發(fā)電裝置離岸監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)框架。該系統(tǒng)主要由數據采集處理模塊、數據遠程傳輸模塊以及數據監(jiān)控終端三部分組成，系統(tǒng)采用主從結構，數據監(jiān)控終端作為主機，數據采集處理模塊作為從機�；谠摽蚣苤攸c研究了以下內容：①通過分析各種電壓、電流、轉速傳感器工作原理，結合該監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)需求，選擇了霍爾電壓傳感器、霍爾電流傳感器、霍爾轉速傳感器采集發(fā)電裝置的電壓、電流、轉速信號；根據數據遠程傳輸的需要，采用DTU（GPRS數據傳輸單元）作為數據遠程傳輸模塊。②采用STM32F373VC型微處理器設計了傳感器接口電路和RS232接口電路，設計了從機程序，實現了A/D轉換及轉速計算功能；設計了Modbus通信協(xié)議程序，使機響應主機的查詢消息后，按照Modbus通信協(xié)議對監(jiān)測數據打包，并將數據包通過RS232接口發(fā)送至DTU，通過GPRS無線通信網絡將數據發(fā)送至主機。③設計了數據監(jiān)控終端軟件，采用socket接口實現了基于TCP協(xié)議的網絡通信；設計了Modbus主機程序和界面顯示程序，實現了主機向從機發(fā)送查詢消息，數據監(jiān)控終端接收并解析數據包以及數據顯示、保存。 最后，在實驗室環(huán)境下，利用變頻器、電動機、發(fā)電機、三相整流橋以及直流電子負載等搭建了一個發(fā)電機工作平臺，利用本文設計的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)對發(fā)電機的電壓、電流、轉速進行了實時在線監(jiān)測。實驗結果表明，該監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定，達到了設計的預期目標，可以滿足波浪能發(fā)電裝置離岸監(jiān)測的需要。
[Abstract]:Energy shortage and environmental pollution have become a bottleneck restricting the development of society. Ocean energy, as a renewable and clean energy, mainly includes tidal energy, wave energy, temperature difference energy, etc. Countries all over the world pay more and more attention to the exploitation and utilization of oceanic energy. This project is supported by 2011 Special funding Project of Marine Renewable Energy, "Research and experiment on the key Technologies of Wave Energy supply for Ocean data buoy observing system", aiming at the ocean in the depths of wave power generation devices. The offshore monitoring system of wave energy generator based on STM32 is designed to monitor the working state of wave energy generator in real time. The maintenance mode of wave power generating equipment is changed from scheduled maintenance to condition monitoring and on-demand maintenance. Firstly, the paper introduces the basic structure and working principle of wave energy generator, and designs an offshore monitoring system framework for wave energy generation equipment, aiming at the monitoring requirements of voltage, current and rotational speed of wave energy generator. The system is mainly composed of data acquisition and processing module, data remote transmission module and data monitoring terminal. The system adopts master-slave structure, data monitoring terminal as host computer, data acquisition and processing module as slave machine. Based on this framework, the following contents are emphatically studied: 1 by analyzing the working principle of various voltage, current and rotational speed sensors and combining the requirements of the monitoring system, the Hall voltage sensor and Hall current sensor are selected. Hall speed sensor to collect the voltage, current, speed signal; According to the need of data remote transmission, DTU (GPRS data transmission unit is adopted as the data remote transmission module. (2) the sensor interface circuit and RS232 interface circuit are designed by using STM32F373VC microprocessor, and the slave computer program is designed. The function of A- / D conversion and speed calculation is realized. A Modbus communication protocol program is designed to package the monitoring data according to the Modbus communication protocol after the machine responds to the query message of the host computer, and sends the data to the DTU, through the RS232 interface. The data is transmitted to the host through the GPRS wireless communication network. 3 the software of data monitoring terminal is designed, and the network communication based on TCP protocol is realized by socket interface. The Modbus host program and the interface display program are designed. The host sends the query message to the slave, and the data monitor terminal receives and parses the data packet and the data display, and saves the data. Finally, in the laboratory environment, using frequency converter, motor, generator, three-phase rectifier bridge and DC electronic load to build a generator working platform, using the monitoring system designed in this paper to the generator voltage, current, The speed is monitored in real time. The experimental results show that the monitoring system works stably, achieves the expected design goal, and can meet the needs of offshore monitoring of wave power generation devices.
【學位授予單位】：青島理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P743.2;TM612

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