東海赤潮高發(fā)區(qū)與舟山群島沉積物中脂類物質(zhì)的生物地球化學研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 18:13
【摘要】：東海是典型的大河影響下的邊緣海（RiOMar），，是有機質(zhì)沉降、埋藏和轉(zhuǎn)化的場所，其生物地球化學過程非常復(fù)雜。脂類物質(zhì)是大河影響下的邊緣海系統(tǒng)中有效的生物標志物，不僅能重建過去種群結(jié)構(gòu)和初級生產(chǎn)力的變化，還可以指示有機質(zhì)來源與歸宿等。 本文以東海赤潮高發(fā)區(qū)沉積柱狀樣和舟山群島表層沉積物樣品為研究對象，分析了TOC、TN、C/N、δ13C以及脂類生物標志物等地球化學參數(shù)，并使用統(tǒng)計學方法綜合闡明了調(diào)查海區(qū)有機質(zhì)的來源和浮游植物種群結(jié)果的變化。主要得到以下結(jié)果： （1）柱狀樣和表層樣δ13C的雙端元模型表明，研究站位均為陸-�；旌蟻碓矗乙院Ｔ摧斎霝橹�。由于有機質(zhì)降解和微生物活動等因素的影響，C/N沒有很好的反映有機質(zhì)來源，但具有變化趨勢的指示意義。柱狀樣現(xiàn)代沉積物中有機質(zhì)來源海洋自生源的比例增加。樣品年齡超過100年，大約從1905年~2011年。各站位表層沉積物TOC、TN含量相差不大，空間分布基本呈現(xiàn)近岸高遠岸低的特點。 （2）對于柱狀樣中的脂類生物標志物而言，正構(gòu)烷烴呈雙峰型分布、高碳數(shù)占優(yōu)勢、明顯的奇偶優(yōu)勢，指示了陸-�；旌蟻碓础Ｕ龢�(gòu)烷烴的特征指數(shù)（CPI、TAR、Pmar-aq等）反映了陸源正構(gòu)烷烴的輸入占優(yōu)勢，且以草本植物為主。Pr/Ph值反映出采樣站位沉積各層段環(huán)境以還原環(huán)境為主，而56~64cm層段中卻顯示強氧化環(huán)境。 脂肪酸碳數(shù)在C11~C31之間，典型的雙峰型分布顯示陸-�；旌蟻碓矗乙院Ｔ礊橹�。主成分分析（PCA）結(jié)果顯示脂肪酸89%的信息受2個主要因子的控制，其中海源（藻類、細菌）為主要來源。正構(gòu)烷烴和脂肪酸對比發(fā)現(xiàn)，高碳數(shù)正構(gòu)烷烴部分來源于氣溶膠。直鏈烷基醇由陸源高等植物、海洋藻類和細菌共同控制，但以海洋藻類為主。甲藻甾醇與菜子甾醇之間的比值說明了過去一段時期內(nèi)甲藻比例逐漸增加。反演ZC13站位100多年來浮游植物種群結(jié)構(gòu)變化發(fā)現(xiàn)甲藻總體趨勢不斷增加，與上世紀八九十年代東海水體富營養(yǎng)化程度增加，導致赤潮由硅藻赤潮向硅-甲藻赤潮轉(zhuǎn)變是一致的。 （3）對于表層沉積物中的脂類物質(zhì)而言，各站位正構(gòu)烷烴均成雙峰群分布，且以高碳數(shù)烷烴為主，有明顯的奇碳數(shù)優(yōu)勢�！艭15-21和∑C25-35含量分布趨勢比較相近，呈現(xiàn)近岸高遠岸低的特點，這可能與沉積物的粒度有關(guān)，粒度越小越易吸附有機質(zhì)，造成了海源和陸源都出現(xiàn)高值。CPI、Pmar-aq、 ACL、AI等特征指數(shù)反映了陸源輸入的正構(gòu)烷烴占優(yōu)勢，且以草本植物為主。OEP值指示研究區(qū)域沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)石油污染。各站位脂肪酸的分布均為前峰群明顯高于后峰群，反映了海洋自生源大于陸源有機質(zhì)的輸入。主成分分析結(jié)果表明，沉積物脂肪酸的全部信息3個主成分來反映，其累計貢獻率為91.7%，且以海源自生源為主。由于細菌的降解作用，導致TOC和脂肪酸的相關(guān)性差，脂肪酸特征參數(shù)未能很好的反映陸源有機質(zhì)的輸入。菜子甾醇-甲藻甾醇的比例顯示甲藻在研究海區(qū)為優(yōu)勢種，離岸越遠菜子甾醇的比例越高，這可能與上升流和臺灣暖流帶來了豐富的營養(yǎng)鹽有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The East China Sea is an edge sea (Riopmar) under the influence of a typical great river, which is the site of the sedimentation, burial and transformation of organic matter, and its biogeochemical process is very complicated. The lipid material is an effective biological marker in the edge-sea system under the influence of the great river, not only can the change of the structure of the past population and the primary productivity be reconstructed, but also the source and the destination of the organic matter can be indicated. In this paper, we study the geochemical parameters such as TOC, TN, C/ N, B13C and lipid biomarkers in the sediments of the sediments of the high-hair area of the East China Sea and the samples of the surface sediments of the Zhoushan Islands. The source of organic matter and the change of the population of phytoplankton in the survey area were elucidated by using the statistical method. The following knot is mainly obtained Fruit: (1) The double-end meta-model of columnar sample and surface-like element 13C shows that the study station is the source of land-sea mixing and is lost by sea source. As a result of the influence of organic matter degradation and microbial activity, C/ N did not reflect the source of organic matter well, but it has the changing tendency. The value of the source of organic matter in the column-like modern sediment from the source of the marine origin The sample age is increased. The sample age is over 100 years, from 1905 to 20 11 years. The content of TOC and TN in the surface sediments of each station is not large, and the spatial distribution is basically in the near-shore and high-distant land. and (2) for the lipid biomarkers in the columnar sample, the normal paraffin is in a bimodal distribution, the high-carbon number is dominant, the obvious parity advantage is obvious, and the land-The characteristics of n-alkanes (CPI, TAR, Pmar-aq, etc.) reflect that the input of the n-alkanes in the land is dominant, and the characteristic index of n-alkanes (CPI, TAR, Pmar-aq, etc.) reflects the dominance of the input of the n-alkanes in the land. This plant is the main plant. The Pr/ Ph value reflects the environment of each layer section deposited in the sampling station to restore the environment, while the 56-64cm layer section shows Strong oxidizing environment. The carbon number of fatty acid is between C11 and C31, and the typical bimodal distribution shows the source of land-sea mixing. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that 89% of the information of the fatty acid is controlled by two main factors, including the sea source (algae, fine). A comparative study of n-alkanes and fatty acids found that high carbon number n-alkanes the linear alkyl alcohol is co-controlled by land-derived higher plants, marine algae and bacteria, but in that past, the ratio of the ratio of the alcohol to the vegetable oil and the alcohol indicate that in the past a period of time, The proportion of the algae is gradually increased. The change of the phytoplankton population structure over the past 100 years of the inversion of the ZC13 station shows that the overall trend of the algae has been increasing, and the eutrophication of the water body in the East China Sea in the 1980s and the 1990s has increased, leading to the red tide being caused by the diatom red tide to the silicon-methadone. and (3) in the case of the lipid material in the surface layer sediment, the normal paraffin of each station is in a bimodal group distribution, and the high-carbon number alkane is mainly used as the main, There is a significant number of odd carbon numbers. The distribution trend of the content distribution of the CC15-21 and the C25-35 is similar, and the characteristics of the near-shore high-shore and low-shore are presented. This may be related to the grain size of the sediment. The smaller the particle size, the more the organic matter can be adsorbed, resulting in the sea. High values appear in both the source and the source. The PI, Pmar-aq, ACL, and AI feature indices reflect the predominance of n-alkanes input by the land source. and is dominated by herbs. The OEP value indicates the study area No oil pollution is found in the domain. The distribution of fatty acid in each station is obviously higher than that of the back peak group, which reflects the great ocean self-source. The results of the principal component analysis show that the total information of the sediment fatty acid is reflected by the three principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate is 91.7%. Because of the degradation of bacteria, the correlation between TOC and fatty acid is poor, and the characteristic parameters of fatty acid are not very good. The ratio of the origin of the organic matter to the source of terrestrial sources is that of the dominant species in the study area, the higher the proportion of the offshoring and the lower, which may be associated with the upflow and the warm flow of Taiwan.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.4
本文編號：2379088
[Abstract]:The East China Sea is an edge sea (Riopmar) under the influence of a typical great river, which is the site of the sedimentation, burial and transformation of organic matter, and its biogeochemical process is very complicated. The lipid material is an effective biological marker in the edge-sea system under the influence of the great river, not only can the change of the structure of the past population and the primary productivity be reconstructed, but also the source and the destination of the organic matter can be indicated. In this paper, we study the geochemical parameters such as TOC, TN, C/ N, B13C and lipid biomarkers in the sediments of the sediments of the high-hair area of the East China Sea and the samples of the surface sediments of the Zhoushan Islands. The source of organic matter and the change of the population of phytoplankton in the survey area were elucidated by using the statistical method. The following knot is mainly obtained Fruit: (1) The double-end meta-model of columnar sample and surface-like element 13C shows that the study station is the source of land-sea mixing and is lost by sea source. As a result of the influence of organic matter degradation and microbial activity, C/ N did not reflect the source of organic matter well, but it has the changing tendency. The value of the source of organic matter in the column-like modern sediment from the source of the marine origin The sample age is increased. The sample age is over 100 years, from 1905 to 20 11 years. The content of TOC and TN in the surface sediments of each station is not large, and the spatial distribution is basically in the near-shore and high-distant land. and (2) for the lipid biomarkers in the columnar sample, the normal paraffin is in a bimodal distribution, the high-carbon number is dominant, the obvious parity advantage is obvious, and the land-The characteristics of n-alkanes (CPI, TAR, Pmar-aq, etc.) reflect that the input of the n-alkanes in the land is dominant, and the characteristic index of n-alkanes (CPI, TAR, Pmar-aq, etc.) reflects the dominance of the input of the n-alkanes in the land. This plant is the main plant. The Pr/ Ph value reflects the environment of each layer section deposited in the sampling station to restore the environment, while the 56-64cm layer section shows Strong oxidizing environment. The carbon number of fatty acid is between C11 and C31, and the typical bimodal distribution shows the source of land-sea mixing. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that 89% of the information of the fatty acid is controlled by two main factors, including the sea source (algae, fine). A comparative study of n-alkanes and fatty acids found that high carbon number n-alkanes the linear alkyl alcohol is co-controlled by land-derived higher plants, marine algae and bacteria, but in that past, the ratio of the ratio of the alcohol to the vegetable oil and the alcohol indicate that in the past a period of time, The proportion of the algae is gradually increased. The change of the phytoplankton population structure over the past 100 years of the inversion of the ZC13 station shows that the overall trend of the algae has been increasing, and the eutrophication of the water body in the East China Sea in the 1980s and the 1990s has increased, leading to the red tide being caused by the diatom red tide to the silicon-methadone. and (3) in the case of the lipid material in the surface layer sediment, the normal paraffin of each station is in a bimodal group distribution, and the high-carbon number alkane is mainly used as the main, There is a significant number of odd carbon numbers. The distribution trend of the content distribution of the CC15-21 and the C25-35 is similar, and the characteristics of the near-shore high-shore and low-shore are presented. This may be related to the grain size of the sediment. The smaller the particle size, the more the organic matter can be adsorbed, resulting in the sea. High values appear in both the source and the source. The PI, Pmar-aq, ACL, and AI feature indices reflect the predominance of n-alkanes input by the land source. and is dominated by herbs. The OEP value indicates the study area No oil pollution is found in the domain. The distribution of fatty acid in each station is obviously higher than that of the back peak group, which reflects the great ocean self-source. The results of the principal component analysis show that the total information of the sediment fatty acid is reflected by the three principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate is 91.7%. Because of the degradation of bacteria, the correlation between TOC and fatty acid is poor, and the characteristic parameters of fatty acid are not very good. The ratio of the origin of the organic matter to the source of terrestrial sources is that of the dominant species in the study area, the higher the proportion of the offshoring and the lower, which may be associated with the upflow and the warm flow of Taiwan.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.4
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