山東東部近海晚中生代裂陷盆地沉積相研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-12 04:00
【摘要】：山東青島海岸線一帶遍布超高壓-高壓變質(zhì)巖及燕山期花崗巖,但在靈山島、嶗山埡口、唐島灣地區(qū)零星出露一套陸源碎屑巖、火山碎屑巖,研究程度較低且存在很大爭議。本文作者所在課題組以上述地區(qū)的研究為切入點,結(jié)合最新的重磁電資料,首次提出“山東東部近海晚中生代裂陷盆地”這一概念,因此了解研究區(qū)內(nèi)的沉積相-火山巖相的類型、特征、展布規(guī)律及時代屬性具有重要意義,可以為后期原型盆地恢復和盆山演化分析提供基礎資料。本文采取“野外踏勘為主、室內(nèi)分析為輔”的研究方法,初步成果顯示:研究區(qū)內(nèi)主要發(fā)育海相濁積巖相、微生物巖相、扇三角洲相和火山巖相。靈山島自下而上發(fā)育(半深海-深海)滑塌濁積巖相-微生物巖相-濁積巖相-火山溢流相-扇三角洲相-火山爆發(fā)/溢流相,反映了由深變淺的演化過程。靈山島下部濁積巖中識別出12種軟沉積物變形構(gòu)造,主要為古地震觸發(fā)形成,通過對滑塌褶皺、不對稱負載構(gòu)造、軟雙重構(gòu)造等軟沉積物變形構(gòu)造的分析,推斷:濁積巖沉積時,存在一個SE高,NW低的古斜坡,水體自SE向NW加深,重力流來自SE方向。靈山島上部的扇三角洲相主要發(fā)育前緣亞相,中間夾有3層玄武巖和至少8層火山碎屑流沉積層。嶗山-埡口僅發(fā)育一套淺變質(zhì)海相濁積巖。唐島灣地區(qū)主要發(fā)育火山通道相和近火山口的火山斜坡亞相。綜合前人研究、相分析以及鋯石測年結(jié)果,認為靈山島、嶗山-埡口海相濁積巖同為白堊紀形成,與膠萊盆地的萊陽群沉積時間相當,具有一定可比性,為山東東部近海晚中生代裂陷盆地內(nèi)同期異相的產(chǎn)物,且該盆地在晚中生代與海連通。研究區(qū)內(nèi)大套的火山巖、火山碎屑巖與青山群時間相當,靈山島火山巖中夾的沉積巖可以與膠萊盆地青山群火山巖中發(fā)育的紫紅色砂礫巖夾層對比。據(jù)此推斷:膠萊盆地和研究區(qū)盆地在白堊紀具有相似的構(gòu)造背景,且皆由沉積盆地逐漸演化為火山盆地。區(qū)內(nèi)廣泛發(fā)育的火山巖相充分證明火山作用具有多期次多火山口噴發(fā)的特點,它對盆地演化具有重要的控制作用。
[Abstract]:The coastline of Qingdao, Shandong Province is covered with ultrahigh-pressure high-pressure metamorphic rocks and Yanshanian granite, but in Lingshan Island, Laoshan pass and Tangdao Bay, a set of continental clastic rocks and volcanic clastic rocks are exposed sporadically. Based on the research in the above area and the latest gravity magnetoelectric data, the author of this paper proposes for the first time the concept of "late Mesozoic rifting basin in the eastern coastal waters of Shandong Province". Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the types, characteristics, distribution rules and age attributes of sedimentary facies and volcanic facies in the study area, which can provide basic data for the restoration of late prototype basins and the analysis of basin-mountain evolution. In this paper, we adopt the research method of "field exploration as the main part, supplemented by indoor analysis". The preliminary results show that marine turbidite facies, microbial lithofacies, fan delta facies and volcanic facies are mainly developed in the study area. From the bottom to the top of Lingshan Island (semi-deep-sea and deep-sea), the landslide turbidite facies, microbial lithofacies, turbidite facies, volcanic overflow facies, fan delta facies, volcanic eruption / overflow facies are developed, which reflects the evolution process from deep to shallow. Twelve types of soft sediment deformation structures have been identified in the turbidite of the lower part of Lingshan Island, which are mainly triggered by paleoearthquakes. The deformation structures of soft sediments, such as collapse folds, asymmetric load structures and soft double structures, are analyzed. It is inferred that during turbidite deposition there is an ancient slope with high SE and low NW. The water body deepens from SE to NW and the gravity flow comes from SE direction. The fan delta facies in the upper part of Lingshan Island are mainly developed front subfacies with three basalt layers and at least eight layers of volcanic clastic flow deposits in the middle. Laoshan-Yakou only developed a set of shallow metamorphic marine turbidites. The volcanic passage facies and the volcanic slope subfacies near the crater are mainly developed in the Tangdao Bay area. Based on previous studies, facies analysis and zircon dating, it is considered that the marine turbidite of Lingshan Island and Laoshan-Yakou marine turbidite was formed in the Cretaceous period, which is comparable to the deposition time of the Laiyang Group in the Jiaolai Basin. It is a product of synchronal heterogeneity in the late Mesozoic rifting basin off the eastern coast of Shandong Province, and the basin is connected to the sea in the late Mesozoic. The volcanic rocks in the study area are of the same time as the Qingshan group. The intercalated sedimentary rocks in Lingshan Island volcanic rocks can be compared with the gravelly intercalations developed in the volcanic rocks of Qingshan Group in Jiaolai Basin. It is inferred that the Jiaolai basin and the basin in the study area have similar tectonic setting in the Cretaceous period and have evolved from sedimentary basin to volcanic basin. The widely developed volcanic facies in the area fully prove that volcanism has the characteristics of multi-stage and multi-stage volcanic eruption, which plays an important role in controlling the evolution of the basin.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.1
[Abstract]:The coastline of Qingdao, Shandong Province is covered with ultrahigh-pressure high-pressure metamorphic rocks and Yanshanian granite, but in Lingshan Island, Laoshan pass and Tangdao Bay, a set of continental clastic rocks and volcanic clastic rocks are exposed sporadically. Based on the research in the above area and the latest gravity magnetoelectric data, the author of this paper proposes for the first time the concept of "late Mesozoic rifting basin in the eastern coastal waters of Shandong Province". Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the types, characteristics, distribution rules and age attributes of sedimentary facies and volcanic facies in the study area, which can provide basic data for the restoration of late prototype basins and the analysis of basin-mountain evolution. In this paper, we adopt the research method of "field exploration as the main part, supplemented by indoor analysis". The preliminary results show that marine turbidite facies, microbial lithofacies, fan delta facies and volcanic facies are mainly developed in the study area. From the bottom to the top of Lingshan Island (semi-deep-sea and deep-sea), the landslide turbidite facies, microbial lithofacies, turbidite facies, volcanic overflow facies, fan delta facies, volcanic eruption / overflow facies are developed, which reflects the evolution process from deep to shallow. Twelve types of soft sediment deformation structures have been identified in the turbidite of the lower part of Lingshan Island, which are mainly triggered by paleoearthquakes. The deformation structures of soft sediments, such as collapse folds, asymmetric load structures and soft double structures, are analyzed. It is inferred that during turbidite deposition there is an ancient slope with high SE and low NW. The water body deepens from SE to NW and the gravity flow comes from SE direction. The fan delta facies in the upper part of Lingshan Island are mainly developed front subfacies with three basalt layers and at least eight layers of volcanic clastic flow deposits in the middle. Laoshan-Yakou only developed a set of shallow metamorphic marine turbidites. The volcanic passage facies and the volcanic slope subfacies near the crater are mainly developed in the Tangdao Bay area. Based on previous studies, facies analysis and zircon dating, it is considered that the marine turbidite of Lingshan Island and Laoshan-Yakou marine turbidite was formed in the Cretaceous period, which is comparable to the deposition time of the Laiyang Group in the Jiaolai Basin. It is a product of synchronal heterogeneity in the late Mesozoic rifting basin off the eastern coast of Shandong Province, and the basin is connected to the sea in the late Mesozoic. The volcanic rocks in the study area are of the same time as the Qingshan group. The intercalated sedimentary rocks in Lingshan Island volcanic rocks can be compared with the gravelly intercalations developed in the volcanic rocks of Qingshan Group in Jiaolai Basin. It is inferred that the Jiaolai basin and the basin in the study area have similar tectonic setting in the Cretaceous period and have evolved from sedimentary basin to volcanic basin. The widely developed volcanic facies in the area fully prove that volcanism has the characteristics of multi-stage and multi-stage volcanic eruption, which plays an important role in controlling the evolution of the basin.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.1
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