海底邊界層原位微剖面監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-28 21:03
【摘要】：海洋資源、海洋能源的開發(fā)與利用，海洋與全球環(huán)境、氣候變化，海洋環(huán)境與地球生態(tài)的研究是人類得以維持自身的生存與發(fā)展，拓展生存空間，充分利用地球這唯一的資源豐富的寶地最為切實可行的途徑。而對海洋進行開發(fā)，需要獲取范圍廣、精確可靠的海洋環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)，并且需要進行海底勘探、水下施工等任務。這樣就需要一系列的海洋開發(fā)技術(shù)來支持，包括海洋遙感、深海探測、海洋導航等。近年來，海底邊界層原位監(jiān)測技術(shù)得到了國家的高度重視和飛速發(fā)展。海底邊界層是物理、化學等相互作用十分復雜的區(qū)域，環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)包括PH值，溶解氧，溫度，電導率，流速，二氧化碳、甲烷含量與壓力等。海底原位監(jiān)測技術(shù)是一種集各種海洋設備與機電技術(shù)為一體，可對海底邊界層多項物理、化學參數(shù)的變化進行定點、連續(xù)監(jiān)測的水下觀測技術(shù)。而在海底進行微剖面數(shù)據(jù)采集，可以得到更準確、詳細的海底邊界層數(shù)據(jù)。研究發(fā)展深海海底邊界層原位監(jiān)測技術(shù)，對于促進深海科學研究與海底資源探測開發(fā)技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新與進步等具有極為重要的意義。 系統(tǒng)以愛特梅爾公司AT91SAM9263為控制核心，MSP430單片機為電源控制模塊核心，基于Linux2.6軟件平臺，采用雙ARM冗余控制與數(shù)據(jù)存儲設計，集成了深海傳感器、步進電機等設備。系統(tǒng)通過步進電機控制傳感器框架在3個不同高度工作，從而實現(xiàn)了實時、自動化、穩(wěn)定的微剖面數(shù)據(jù)采集與控制管理功能。 論文首先介紹了深海海底邊界層監(jiān)測技術(shù)的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展狀況，說明我國發(fā)展海底監(jiān)測技術(shù)的重要性和迫切性，并提出了海底原位監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的基本設計框架。其次，詳細論述了海底原位監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)軟硬件部分的具體組成。硬件部分介紹了嵌入式數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)硬件電路的組成，電源控制系統(tǒng)電路的組成，深海傳感器的各種性能參數(shù)及操作方法與命令，并給出了關(guān)鍵電路的原理圖和實物圖。軟件部分介紹了嵌入式Linux軟件平臺的搭建，，包括開機引導程序U-boot的移植，內(nèi)核Linux2.6.30的編譯與移植。然后詳細介紹了微剖面數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)應用程序關(guān)鍵部分的編寫，應用程序使用嵌入式C語言編寫，并且采用了多線程編程來提高程序的運行效率。程序主要分3個線程。主線程主要負責整個系統(tǒng)的控制，包括主從兩塊ARM板之間的通信，通過給單片機發(fā)送指令來控制系統(tǒng)中各設備的電源，以及監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)的運行狀態(tài)等；數(shù)據(jù)采集線程主要負責控制各深海傳感器進行數(shù)據(jù)采集，將傳感器發(fā)送來的數(shù)據(jù)接受并存儲至ARM板上的SD卡中；數(shù)據(jù)上傳線程主要負責系統(tǒng)回收后與PC機間進行通信，并將采集的數(shù)據(jù)上傳。然后給出了海底邊界層原位微剖面監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的實物圖、實驗調(diào)試圖。最后對論文的工作進行了總結(jié)與展望。
[Abstract]:The development and utilization of marine resources, marine energy, ocean and global environment, climate change, marine environment and earth ecology are the key to human being's survival and development, and to expand the living space. The most feasible way to make the most of the earth's only rich treasure. The exploitation of the ocean requires a wide range of accurate and reliable data of the marine environment, as well as seabed exploration, underwater construction and other tasks. This will require a range of ocean development technologies, including ocean remote sensing, deep-sea exploration, ocean navigation and so on. In recent years, seabed boundary layer in situ monitoring technology has been attached great importance and rapid development. The seabed boundary layer is a complex region with physical and chemical interactions. The environmental data include PH value, dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity, flow rate, carbon dioxide, methane content and pressure. Submarine in-situ monitoring technology is a kind of underwater observation technology which integrates various marine equipment and electromechanical technology and can be used to continuously monitor the variation of many physical and chemical parameters in the seabed boundary layer. However, more accurate and detailed seabed boundary layer data can be obtained by collecting the microsection data on the seabed. The research and development of in situ monitoring technology of deep seabed boundary layer is of great significance for promoting the innovation and progress of deep sea scientific research and exploration and development of seabed resources. The system takes Atmel Company AT91SAM9263 as the control core, MSP430 single chip microcomputer as the power control module core, based on the Linux2.6 software platform, adopts double ARM redundant control and data storage design, integrates the deep-sea sensor, step motor and other equipment. The system works at three different heights through the stepper motor control sensor frame, thus realizing real-time, automatic and stable micro-profile data acquisition and control management functions. This paper first introduces the development of deep seabed boundary layer monitoring technology at home and abroad, explains the importance and urgency of developing seabed monitoring technology in China, and puts forward the basic design framework of seabed in situ monitoring system. Secondly, the hardware and software components of the submarine in situ monitoring system are discussed in detail. The hardware part introduces the composition of the hardware circuit of the embedded data acquisition system, the composition of the power supply control system circuit, the various performance parameters and operation methods and commands of the deep-sea sensor, and gives the schematic diagram and the physical diagram of the key circuit. The software part introduces the construction of embedded Linux software platform, including boot program U-boot transplantation, kernel Linux2.6.30 compilation and migration. Then the key part of the application program of the microprofile data acquisition system is introduced in detail. The application program is written in embedded C language and multithread programming is adopted to improve the running efficiency of the program. The program is mainly divided into 3 threads. The main thread is mainly responsible for the control of the whole system, including the communication between the master and slave ARM boards, the control of the power supply of the equipment and the monitoring of the running state of the system by sending instructions to the single chip microcomputer. The data acquisition thread is mainly responsible for controlling the deep-sea sensors for data acquisition, receiving and storing the data sent by the sensor into the SD card on the ARM board. The data upload thread is mainly responsible for the communication between the system and PC, and uploads the collected data. Then, the physical diagram of the monitoring system of the seabed boundary layer in situ microsection is given, and the experimental debugging diagram is given. Finally, the work of the paper is summarized and prospected.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P715.5
本文編號：2364244
[Abstract]:The development and utilization of marine resources, marine energy, ocean and global environment, climate change, marine environment and earth ecology are the key to human being's survival and development, and to expand the living space. The most feasible way to make the most of the earth's only rich treasure. The exploitation of the ocean requires a wide range of accurate and reliable data of the marine environment, as well as seabed exploration, underwater construction and other tasks. This will require a range of ocean development technologies, including ocean remote sensing, deep-sea exploration, ocean navigation and so on. In recent years, seabed boundary layer in situ monitoring technology has been attached great importance and rapid development. The seabed boundary layer is a complex region with physical and chemical interactions. The environmental data include PH value, dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity, flow rate, carbon dioxide, methane content and pressure. Submarine in-situ monitoring technology is a kind of underwater observation technology which integrates various marine equipment and electromechanical technology and can be used to continuously monitor the variation of many physical and chemical parameters in the seabed boundary layer. However, more accurate and detailed seabed boundary layer data can be obtained by collecting the microsection data on the seabed. The research and development of in situ monitoring technology of deep seabed boundary layer is of great significance for promoting the innovation and progress of deep sea scientific research and exploration and development of seabed resources. The system takes Atmel Company AT91SAM9263 as the control core, MSP430 single chip microcomputer as the power control module core, based on the Linux2.6 software platform, adopts double ARM redundant control and data storage design, integrates the deep-sea sensor, step motor and other equipment. The system works at three different heights through the stepper motor control sensor frame, thus realizing real-time, automatic and stable micro-profile data acquisition and control management functions. This paper first introduces the development of deep seabed boundary layer monitoring technology at home and abroad, explains the importance and urgency of developing seabed monitoring technology in China, and puts forward the basic design framework of seabed in situ monitoring system. Secondly, the hardware and software components of the submarine in situ monitoring system are discussed in detail. The hardware part introduces the composition of the hardware circuit of the embedded data acquisition system, the composition of the power supply control system circuit, the various performance parameters and operation methods and commands of the deep-sea sensor, and gives the schematic diagram and the physical diagram of the key circuit. The software part introduces the construction of embedded Linux software platform, including boot program U-boot transplantation, kernel Linux2.6.30 compilation and migration. Then the key part of the application program of the microprofile data acquisition system is introduced in detail. The application program is written in embedded C language and multithread programming is adopted to improve the running efficiency of the program. The program is mainly divided into 3 threads. The main thread is mainly responsible for the control of the whole system, including the communication between the master and slave ARM boards, the control of the power supply of the equipment and the monitoring of the running state of the system by sending instructions to the single chip microcomputer. The data acquisition thread is mainly responsible for controlling the deep-sea sensors for data acquisition, receiving and storing the data sent by the sensor into the SD card on the ARM board. The data upload thread is mainly responsible for the communication between the system and PC, and uploads the collected data. Then, the physical diagram of the monitoring system of the seabed boundary layer in situ microsection is given, and the experimental debugging diagram is given. Finally, the work of the paper is summarized and prospected.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P715.5
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