【摘要】：河口地區(qū)是河流與海洋相互作用的集中交匯區(qū),也是上游洪水、天文潮和風(fēng)暴潮等各種動(dòng)力要素的綜合作用區(qū),該區(qū)域的水動(dòng)力研究尤為復(fù)雜。長(zhǎng)江作為我國(guó)第一大河,上游洪水對(duì)河口地區(qū)的影響尤其明顯,特別是天文高潮、風(fēng)暴潮與洪峰效應(yīng)相疊加時(shí)(俗稱"三碰頭"),往往會(huì)對(duì)沿岸造成嚴(yán)重的海洋災(zāi)害。以長(zhǎng)江大通水文站為上邊界建立了一個(gè)適合于長(zhǎng)江口地區(qū)的精細(xì)化天文潮、風(fēng)暴潮和洪水耦合模型,通過對(duì)近年來影響長(zhǎng)江口的典型臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮過程的模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),耦合洪水后模型計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測(cè)更為吻合。通過理想數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn),充分考慮天文潮、風(fēng)暴潮和洪水的相互作用,定量分析了不同徑流量對(duì)長(zhǎng)江口不同區(qū)域的影響,并給出了在不同上游洪水流量和不同臺(tái)風(fēng)強(qiáng)度組合情景下,洪水對(duì)長(zhǎng)江口地區(qū)水位的影響以及長(zhǎng)江口地區(qū)可能出現(xiàn)的高水位。
[Abstract]:Estuarine area is the convergence area of the interaction between rivers and oceans, and it is also the comprehensive action area of various dynamic elements such as upstream flood, astronomical tide and storm surge. The hydrodynamic research in this area is especially complex. As the largest river in China, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have a significant impact on the estuarine area, especially the astronomical climax. The storm surge and Hong Feng effect are superimposed on each other (commonly known as "three meeting"), which often cause serious marine disasters along the coast. Taking Datong Hydrological Station of Yangtze River as the upper boundary, a fine coupling model of astronomical tide, storm surge and flood is established for the Changjiang Estuary area. The simulation results of typical typhoon storm surge processes affecting the Changjiang Estuary in recent years have been found. The calculated results of the coupled flood model are in good agreement with the measured data. Through ideal numerical experiments, the interaction of astronomical tide, storm surge and flood is fully considered, and the effects of different runoff on different regions of Changjiang Estuary are quantitatively analyzed, and the combination scenarios of different upstream flood discharge and different typhoon intensity are given. The influence of flood on the water level in the Changjiang Estuary and the possible high water level in the Changjiang Estuary.
【作者單位】： 國(guó)家海洋環(huán)境預(yù)報(bào)中心;上海市水文總站;
【基金】：海洋公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201205017)
【分類號(hào)】：P731.23

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