超濾—反滲透雙膜法處理渤海灣海水試驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 12:46
【摘要】：我國(guó)北方沿海省市地區(qū)人均水資源量?jī)H為263m3，水資源短缺已經(jīng)成為限制沿海地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要問題。在一些新開發(fā)的海島上，淡水資源極為缺乏，淡水的供應(yīng)通常依靠從內(nèi)陸輸入，成本較高且供水可靠性較差。膜法海水淡化是一種解決沿海地區(qū)和海島水資源短缺的有效技術(shù)。本試驗(yàn)對(duì)超濾-反滲透雙膜法處理渤海灣海水的效能與運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了研究，對(duì)雙膜法工藝的運(yùn)行參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，以期為中小型雙膜法海水淡化設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。 通過改變超濾運(yùn)行條件，研究了通量、清洗周期與清洗方式對(duì)超濾膜污染、產(chǎn)水率以及出產(chǎn)水質(zhì)的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)超濾膜處理海水時(shí)，較短的清洗周期可以及時(shí)去除膜表面積累的污染物，有利于膜滲透性的恢復(fù)。當(dāng)正沖與反沖同步進(jìn)行時(shí)，沖洗壓力增大，對(duì)膜表面污染物去除作用有所加強(qiáng)，有助于降低跨膜壓差；補(bǔ)充加強(qiáng)化學(xué)反洗，可以有效的控制跨膜壓差的增長(zhǎng)，將維持跨膜壓差在一個(gè)較低的水平。本試驗(yàn)條件下，超濾處理海水通量選擇為83L/m2h，清洗周期35min，清洗方式為正沖同步進(jìn)行，沖洗45s，同時(shí)每12h補(bǔ)充加強(qiáng)化學(xué)反洗，加強(qiáng)化學(xué)反洗采用酸堿交替清洗。超濾出水水質(zhì)良好，完全滿足反滲透進(jìn)水要求，超濾出水SDI值比較穩(wěn)定且變化不大，穩(wěn)定在3.2左右，超濾通量、清洗周期以及清洗方式的改變對(duì)超濾膜出水SDI影響較小，超濾出水濁度低于0.09NTU。 改變反滲透壓力和濃水回流量，考察了對(duì)產(chǎn)水量、回收率、脫鹽率、產(chǎn)出淡水水質(zhì)等的影響。結(jié)果表明水壓力增大，反滲透產(chǎn)水量上升，回收率上升，同時(shí)透鹽量基本不變，所以出產(chǎn)淡水含鹽量減小，反滲透系統(tǒng)脫鹽率變大；濃水回流能夠有效增加系統(tǒng)回收率，減小了反滲透產(chǎn)水量與膜堆回收率，出產(chǎn)淡水的含鹽量增加，反滲透系統(tǒng)脫鹽率減�。换亓髁吭酱�，，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)出淡水含鹽量迅速上升，能耗增加。在本試驗(yàn)條件下，反滲透給水壓力選擇為5.5MPa，濃水回流量選擇為濃水總量的50%。在該條件下較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（30d）運(yùn)行過程中，反滲透產(chǎn)水量未發(fā)生明顯下降，基本保持在60L/h左右，系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)水回收率為21.7%；出水含鹽量為117mg/L左右，脫鹽率為99.45%；UV254和三維熒光光譜分析表明系統(tǒng)對(duì)海水中溶解性有機(jī)物具有很好的去除效果；系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)水水質(zhì)檢測(cè)結(jié)果符合國(guó)家飲用水水質(zhì)指標(biāo)，達(dá)到飲用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:The amount of per capita water resources in the coastal areas of northern China is only 263 m3. The shortage of water resources has become the main problem restricting the economic development of coastal areas. In some newly developed islands, fresh water resources are extremely scarce, freshwater supply usually depends on inland input, high cost and poor reliability of water supply. Membrane desalination is an effective technique to solve the shortage of water resources in coastal areas and islands. In this paper, the efficiency and operational stability of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis double membrane process for seawater treatment in Bohai Bay were studied, and the operation parameters of double membrane process were optimized in order to provide a reference for the design of medium and small scale double membrane seawater desalination equipment. By changing the operating conditions of ultrafiltration, the effects of flux, cleaning period and cleaning method on the fouling, water yield and water quality of ultrafiltration membrane were studied. The short cleaning cycle can remove the pollutants accumulated on the membrane surface in time, which is beneficial to the recovery of membrane permeability. When the positive impact and recoil are carried out simultaneously, the washing pressure increases and the removal of pollutants on the membrane surface is strengthened, which is helpful to reduce the transmembrane pressure difference. Adding chemical backwash can effectively control the increase of transmembrane pressure difference and maintain the transmembrane pressure difference at a lower level. Under the experimental conditions, the water flux of ultrafiltration treatment was 83L / m ~ 2 h, the cleaning period was 35min, the cleaning mode was positive flush synchronously, the washing was carried out for 45s, at the same time, the chemical backwash was strengthened every 12 hours, and the acid-base alternate cleaning was used to strengthen the chemical backwash. The quality of ultrafiltration effluent is good, which fully meets the requirement of reverse osmosis influent. The SDI value of ultrafiltration water is stable and little change, which is about 3.2. The change of ultrafiltration flux, cleaning period and cleaning method has little effect on SDI of UF membrane effluent. The turbidity of ultrafiltration water is less than 0.09 NTU. The effects of reverse osmosis pressure and reflux of concentrated water on water yield, recovery rate, desalinization rate and fresh water quality were investigated. The results show that with the increase of water pressure, the water yield of reverse osmosis (RO) increases, the recovery rate increases, and the amount of permeable salt remains unchanged, so the salt content of fresh water produced decreases and the desalinization rate of RO system increases. Concentrated water reflux can effectively increase the system recovery, reduce reverse osmosis water production and membrane reactor recovery, increase the salt content of fresh water, and decrease the desalinization rate of reverse osmosis system. The larger the reflux, the higher the salt content and energy consumption of the produced fresh water. Under the experimental conditions, the pressure of reverse osmosis feed water is 5.5 MPA, and the reflux of concentrated water is 50% of the total amount of concentrated water. During the operation for a long time (30 days), the reverse osmosis (RO) water production did not decrease significantly, and remained around 60L/h, and the recovery rate of the system was 21.70.The salt content of effluent was about 117mg/L and the desalination rate was 99.45%. UV254 and three dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis show that the system has a good removal effect on dissolved organic matter in seawater, and the results of system water quality detection accord with the national drinking water quality index and reach the drinking standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P747.5
[Abstract]:The amount of per capita water resources in the coastal areas of northern China is only 263 m3. The shortage of water resources has become the main problem restricting the economic development of coastal areas. In some newly developed islands, fresh water resources are extremely scarce, freshwater supply usually depends on inland input, high cost and poor reliability of water supply. Membrane desalination is an effective technique to solve the shortage of water resources in coastal areas and islands. In this paper, the efficiency and operational stability of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis double membrane process for seawater treatment in Bohai Bay were studied, and the operation parameters of double membrane process were optimized in order to provide a reference for the design of medium and small scale double membrane seawater desalination equipment. By changing the operating conditions of ultrafiltration, the effects of flux, cleaning period and cleaning method on the fouling, water yield and water quality of ultrafiltration membrane were studied. The short cleaning cycle can remove the pollutants accumulated on the membrane surface in time, which is beneficial to the recovery of membrane permeability. When the positive impact and recoil are carried out simultaneously, the washing pressure increases and the removal of pollutants on the membrane surface is strengthened, which is helpful to reduce the transmembrane pressure difference. Adding chemical backwash can effectively control the increase of transmembrane pressure difference and maintain the transmembrane pressure difference at a lower level. Under the experimental conditions, the water flux of ultrafiltration treatment was 83L / m ~ 2 h, the cleaning period was 35min, the cleaning mode was positive flush synchronously, the washing was carried out for 45s, at the same time, the chemical backwash was strengthened every 12 hours, and the acid-base alternate cleaning was used to strengthen the chemical backwash. The quality of ultrafiltration effluent is good, which fully meets the requirement of reverse osmosis influent. The SDI value of ultrafiltration water is stable and little change, which is about 3.2. The change of ultrafiltration flux, cleaning period and cleaning method has little effect on SDI of UF membrane effluent. The turbidity of ultrafiltration water is less than 0.09 NTU. The effects of reverse osmosis pressure and reflux of concentrated water on water yield, recovery rate, desalinization rate and fresh water quality were investigated. The results show that with the increase of water pressure, the water yield of reverse osmosis (RO) increases, the recovery rate increases, and the amount of permeable salt remains unchanged, so the salt content of fresh water produced decreases and the desalinization rate of RO system increases. Concentrated water reflux can effectively increase the system recovery, reduce reverse osmosis water production and membrane reactor recovery, increase the salt content of fresh water, and decrease the desalinization rate of reverse osmosis system. The larger the reflux, the higher the salt content and energy consumption of the produced fresh water. Under the experimental conditions, the pressure of reverse osmosis feed water is 5.5 MPA, and the reflux of concentrated water is 50% of the total amount of concentrated water. During the operation for a long time (30 days), the reverse osmosis (RO) water production did not decrease significantly, and remained around 60L/h, and the recovery rate of the system was 21.70.The salt content of effluent was about 117mg/L and the desalination rate was 99.45%. UV254 and three dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis show that the system has a good removal effect on dissolved organic matter in seawater, and the results of system water quality detection accord with the national drinking water quality index and reach the drinking standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P747.5
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條
1 周赤忠;李焱;;當(dāng)前海水淡化主流技術(shù)的分析與比較[J];電站輔機(jī);2008年04期
2 樊耀波,王菊思,姜兆春;膜生物反應(yīng)器凈化石油化工污水的研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1997年01期
3 姚義;;打造中國(guó)海水淡化產(chǎn)業(yè)旗艦[J];海洋開發(fā)與管理;2008年10期
4 許駿;王志;王紀(jì)孝;王世昌;;反滲透膜技術(shù)研究和應(yīng)用進(jìn)展[J];化學(xué)工業(yè)與工程;2010年04期
5 尹建華,呂慶春,阮國(guó)嶺;低溫多效蒸餾海水淡化技術(shù)[J];海洋技術(shù);2002年04期
6 羅敏,王占生;飲用水中納濾技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展[J];給水排水;2001年11期
7 葉耀先，顧芳;海水淡化及其產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)展[J];科技導(dǎo)報(bào);1996年09期
8 O辭橇
本文編號(hào)：2324871
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/haiyang/2324871.html
最近更新
教材專著
