南海北部陸坡東西段新構(gòu)造的異同及對(duì)BSR分布的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-18 18:24
【摘要】：南海作為西太平洋最大的邊緣海，發(fā)育了眾多的新生代盆地，蘊(yùn)含了豐富的能源資源。本文通過(guò)地震剖面、震源機(jī)制解手段對(duì)南海北部的新構(gòu)造特征進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)、綜合性研究。這對(duì)于理解南海北部的新構(gòu)造的動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)制、天然氣水合物的成藏以及海底地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的防治具有重要意義。通過(guò)研究得出幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論： （1）南海北部新生代巖漿巖分布從東向西可劃分為三個(gè)巖漿活動(dòng)集中區(qū)：瓊東南-西沙區(qū)、神狐區(qū)和東沙區(qū)。各區(qū)域巖漿巖的產(chǎn)出位置的控制因素有所差異，其中瓊東南-西沙區(qū)的巖漿巖平面展布受右行右階的走滑斷裂控制；神狐區(qū)巖漿巖位于NW向與NE向斷裂的交匯處，侵位空間受先存斷裂制約；東沙區(qū)巖漿巖的產(chǎn)生與東沙運(yùn)動(dòng)期間區(qū)域伸展過(guò)程有直接關(guān)系。 （2）根據(jù)地震的分布特征，并結(jié)合震源機(jī)制解的情況，將南海陸緣地震帶也分為三個(gè)區(qū)域。東部受到菲律賓海板塊沿呂宋島弧的NW向強(qiáng)烈擠壓，強(qiáng)震多次發(fā)生，地震活動(dòng)性最強(qiáng)；西部受紅河斷裂的走滑影響，地震活動(dòng)性較高，但依然有強(qiáng)震記錄；而位于東部的碰撞型和西部的轉(zhuǎn)換型板塊邊界中間位置的珠江口區(qū)域，地震活動(dòng)性很微弱，非但沒(méi)有大震、強(qiáng)震發(fā)生，而且中、小地震也較為不發(fā)育。同時(shí)通過(guò)對(duì)震源機(jī)制解的研究表明，南海北部發(fā)震斷裂也有所不同。東部的發(fā)震斷裂多以NE向右行走滑為主，中部地震活動(dòng)則受正斷層的控制，西部發(fā)震斷裂多為NW向的右行走滑斷裂。 （3）利用Coulomb模擬對(duì)南海北部東段、中段以及西段的歷史地震進(jìn)行應(yīng)力場(chǎng)模擬，認(rèn)為南海西部1936年廣西靈山地震觸發(fā)了1988年發(fā)生在北部灣的地震，1605年瓊山地震的余震發(fā)生在應(yīng)力等值線發(fā)育較為寬緩的區(qū)域。1988年北部灣發(fā)生的4.8級(jí)地震，導(dǎo)致了1995年之后該區(qū)域的地震發(fā)育。1994年、1995年發(fā)生的6級(jí)地震，以應(yīng)力降低為主，，余震主要發(fā)育在發(fā)震斷裂上。南海北部中段1962年河源地震的余震主要發(fā)育在斷裂的NW端，1969年陽(yáng)江地震余震集中在斷裂的北側(cè)。另外，這兩次地震的余震多分布于應(yīng)力增強(qiáng)較小的區(qū)域或者應(yīng)力增加區(qū)與應(yīng)力降低區(qū)的分界線處，應(yīng)力增大的極大值區(qū)幾乎沒(méi)有余震分布。南海東部1878年的6級(jí)地震其NE向的應(yīng)力增長(zhǎng)區(qū)也覆蓋了1906年的地震，從時(shí)間上來(lái)看，其觸發(fā)1906年地震的可能性較大。另外，1878年地震SW向的應(yīng)力增長(zhǎng)呈弧形與1918年7.5級(jí)地震震中相交，其極有可能是1918年地震的觸發(fā)因素。1992年?yáng)|沙群島地震應(yīng)力增加區(qū)走向?yàn)镹E向，降低區(qū)走向?yàn)镹W向，余震多分布于發(fā)震斷裂西側(cè)應(yīng)力增長(zhǎng)區(qū)。另外，東沙群島地震應(yīng)力增長(zhǎng)區(qū)覆蓋1994年臺(tái)灣淺灘的震源位置，前者可能為觸發(fā)后者的主要因素。 （4）南海北部陸緣東部受東沙運(yùn)動(dòng)影響，高壓地層發(fā)生了卸壓，底辟構(gòu)造不發(fā)育，這就使得東部天然氣水合物氣源的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)為斷層-斷層的相結(jié)合的方式。而西部受東沙運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響較小，底辟構(gòu)造十分發(fā)育，使得西部以斷層-底辟的組合樣式作為天然氣水合物氣源運(yùn)移的主要通道。 （5）南海北部陸緣新構(gòu)造演化受太平洋構(gòu)造域以及新特提斯構(gòu)造域的聯(lián)合制約。南海北部陸緣斷裂的發(fā)育特征因分布位置的不同而存在差異，可分為東、西兩部分。東部斷裂活動(dòng)以繼承性為主，而西部發(fā)育大量新生性斷層，局部發(fā)生構(gòu)造反轉(zhuǎn)。在時(shí)間尺度上，不同構(gòu)造域?qū)δ虾１辈康挠绊懛秶泊嬖诓町�。從晚白堊世到晚漸新世（32Ma），整個(gè)南海北部受太平洋構(gòu)造域的影響，幾乎不受特提斯洋構(gòu)造域的影響。通過(guò)斷裂活動(dòng)性研究表明，中新世珠江口盆地受特提斯構(gòu)造域控制。伴隨著晚中新世末期發(fā)生的東沙運(yùn)動(dòng)，珠江口盆地東部開(kāi)始受太平洋構(gòu)造域的影響。之后，太平洋板塊的匯聚速率的增大，其對(duì)珠江口盆地的影響范圍逐漸向西擴(kuò)大。挽近時(shí)期，現(xiàn)今兩大構(gòu)造域的邊界大致在112°E。
[Abstract]:As the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea developed numerous Cenozoic basins, which contained abundant energy resources. In this paper, the new tectonic feature of the northern South China Sea is systematically and comprehensively studied by means of seismic section and focal mechanism solution. This is of great significance for understanding the dynamics mechanism of the new structure in the northern South China Sea, the formation of natural gas hydrate and the prevention and treatment of submarine geological disasters. Through the study, several conclusions are drawn: (1) The distribution of Cenozoic magmatic rocks in the northern South China Sea can be divided into three magmatic activity concentrations from east to west: southeast of Qiong-Xisha area, Fox area and east. The control factors of the output position of the magmatic rocks in each region are different, among which, the plane distribution of the magmatic rocks in the southeast-Xisha area of Qiong is controlled by the left-right-order slip-slip fault, and the rock-magmatic rocks in the Fox area are located at the junction of NW and NE trending faults, and the invaded space is subjected to pre-storage fracture. Constraints; the formation of magmatic rocks in the east sand area is directly related to the regional extension process during the east-sand movement. (2) According to the distribution characteristics of the earthquake, and combining with the solution of the focal mechanism, the continental margin of the South China Sea is also divided. There are three regions in the east. The eastern part of the Philippine Sea plate is strongly extruded along the NW direction of the Luzon island arc, the strong earthquakes have occurred many times, the seismic activity is strongest, the west is influenced by the strike-slip of the red river fault, and the seismic activity is high, but still There is a strong earthquake record; whereas in the eastern collision type and the middle position of the transition plate boundary in the west, the area of the Pearl River mouth, the seismic activity is very weak, far from the large earthquake, the strong earthquake occurs, and the small earthquake also The research on the solution of the focal mechanism shows that the earthquake in the north of the South China Sea is broken. The earthquake activity in the east is dominated by NE trending right, and the seismic activity in the middle part is controlled by normal fault, and the fault of the western seismogenic fault is NW trending right. The history of the east section, the middle section of the South China Sea and the east section of the South China Sea is simulated by Coulomb simulation. The stress field is simulated in the west of the South China Sea in 1936, which triggered the earthquake in the Beibu Gulf in 1988, and the aftershocks of the Qionshan earthquake in 1995 occurred in the region where the stress isolines developed slowly. Seismic development of the region after 1995, which resulted in the earthquake development of the region since 1995. In 1994, the magnitude 6 earthquake occurred in 1995 with stress reduction as the main aftershock. The aftershocks of the river source earthquake in the middle section of the South China Sea in 1962 are mainly developed at the NW end of the fault, and the aftershocks of the Yangjiang earthquake in 1969 On the north side of the fracture, the aftershocks of the two earthquakes are distributed more than the stress-enhanced region or the boundary of the stress-increasing region and the stress-reducing region, and the maximum region of the stress increases. There is little aftershock distribution. The NE-trending stress growth zone in 1878 in the east of the South China Sea also covers the 1906 earthquake, which was triggered in 1906. The earthquake is more likely to be earthquake. In addition, the stress growth of earthquake SW in 1878 is arc-shaped and intersects with the epicenter of July 5, 1918. It is likely to be the triggering factor of the earthquake in 1918. In 1992, the seismic stress increasing area of Dongsha Islands is NE direction, the descent area is NW, and the aftershocks are distributed more than that of earthquake. In addition, the seismic stress growth area of Dongsha Islands covers the focal position of Taiwan shoal in 1994, and the former may be touch. The main factors of the latter are: (4) The east coast of the northern margin of the South China Sea is affected by the east-sand movement, and the high-pressure formation has a pressure relief, and the diapir structure does not develop, so that the transportation system of the gas source of the east natural gas hydrate is broken. The combination of layer-fault, while the west is affected by the east-sand movement is small, the diapir structure is very developed, so that the western part takes fault-diapir combined style as natural gas water. The main channel of gas source migration. (5) The new tectonic evolution of the continental margin in the northern South China Sea is influenced by the Pacific tectonic domain. The development characteristics of the continental margin faults in the northern South China Sea are different from the distribution locations. There are differences, which can be divided into two parts: east and west. In time scale, different tectonic domains are different. There are also differences in the range of influence in the northern South China Sea. From the Late Cretaceous to the Late Oligochaean (32Ma), the north of the South China Sea is affected by the Pacific tectonic domain. hardly influenced by the Tethys tectonic domain. The study of fracture activity shows that Miocene The Pearl River Mouth Basin is controlled by Tethys tectonic domain. The east began to be affected by the Pacific tectonic domain. After that, the convergence rate of the Pacific plate increased, and it was on the Pearl River. The influence of the mouth basin is gradually enlarged to the west.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P736
本文編號(hào)：2279988
[Abstract]:As the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea developed numerous Cenozoic basins, which contained abundant energy resources. In this paper, the new tectonic feature of the northern South China Sea is systematically and comprehensively studied by means of seismic section and focal mechanism solution. This is of great significance for understanding the dynamics mechanism of the new structure in the northern South China Sea, the formation of natural gas hydrate and the prevention and treatment of submarine geological disasters. Through the study, several conclusions are drawn: (1) The distribution of Cenozoic magmatic rocks in the northern South China Sea can be divided into three magmatic activity concentrations from east to west: southeast of Qiong-Xisha area, Fox area and east. The control factors of the output position of the magmatic rocks in each region are different, among which, the plane distribution of the magmatic rocks in the southeast-Xisha area of Qiong is controlled by the left-right-order slip-slip fault, and the rock-magmatic rocks in the Fox area are located at the junction of NW and NE trending faults, and the invaded space is subjected to pre-storage fracture. Constraints; the formation of magmatic rocks in the east sand area is directly related to the regional extension process during the east-sand movement. (2) According to the distribution characteristics of the earthquake, and combining with the solution of the focal mechanism, the continental margin of the South China Sea is also divided. There are three regions in the east. The eastern part of the Philippine Sea plate is strongly extruded along the NW direction of the Luzon island arc, the strong earthquakes have occurred many times, the seismic activity is strongest, the west is influenced by the strike-slip of the red river fault, and the seismic activity is high, but still There is a strong earthquake record; whereas in the eastern collision type and the middle position of the transition plate boundary in the west, the area of the Pearl River mouth, the seismic activity is very weak, far from the large earthquake, the strong earthquake occurs, and the small earthquake also The research on the solution of the focal mechanism shows that the earthquake in the north of the South China Sea is broken. The earthquake activity in the east is dominated by NE trending right, and the seismic activity in the middle part is controlled by normal fault, and the fault of the western seismogenic fault is NW trending right. The history of the east section, the middle section of the South China Sea and the east section of the South China Sea is simulated by Coulomb simulation. The stress field is simulated in the west of the South China Sea in 1936, which triggered the earthquake in the Beibu Gulf in 1988, and the aftershocks of the Qionshan earthquake in 1995 occurred in the region where the stress isolines developed slowly. Seismic development of the region after 1995, which resulted in the earthquake development of the region since 1995. In 1994, the magnitude 6 earthquake occurred in 1995 with stress reduction as the main aftershock. The aftershocks of the river source earthquake in the middle section of the South China Sea in 1962 are mainly developed at the NW end of the fault, and the aftershocks of the Yangjiang earthquake in 1969 On the north side of the fracture, the aftershocks of the two earthquakes are distributed more than the stress-enhanced region or the boundary of the stress-increasing region and the stress-reducing region, and the maximum region of the stress increases. There is little aftershock distribution. The NE-trending stress growth zone in 1878 in the east of the South China Sea also covers the 1906 earthquake, which was triggered in 1906. The earthquake is more likely to be earthquake. In addition, the stress growth of earthquake SW in 1878 is arc-shaped and intersects with the epicenter of July 5, 1918. It is likely to be the triggering factor of the earthquake in 1918. In 1992, the seismic stress increasing area of Dongsha Islands is NE direction, the descent area is NW, and the aftershocks are distributed more than that of earthquake. In addition, the seismic stress growth area of Dongsha Islands covers the focal position of Taiwan shoal in 1994, and the former may be touch. The main factors of the latter are: (4) The east coast of the northern margin of the South China Sea is affected by the east-sand movement, and the high-pressure formation has a pressure relief, and the diapir structure does not develop, so that the transportation system of the gas source of the east natural gas hydrate is broken. The combination of layer-fault, while the west is affected by the east-sand movement is small, the diapir structure is very developed, so that the western part takes fault-diapir combined style as natural gas water. The main channel of gas source migration. (5) The new tectonic evolution of the continental margin in the northern South China Sea is influenced by the Pacific tectonic domain. The development characteristics of the continental margin faults in the northern South China Sea are different from the distribution locations. There are differences, which can be divided into two parts: east and west. In time scale, different tectonic domains are different. There are also differences in the range of influence in the northern South China Sea. From the Late Cretaceous to the Late Oligochaean (32Ma), the north of the South China Sea is affected by the Pacific tectonic domain. hardly influenced by the Tethys tectonic domain. The study of fracture activity shows that Miocene The Pearl River Mouth Basin is controlled by Tethys tectonic domain. The east began to be affected by the Pacific tectonic domain. After that, the convergence rate of the Pacific plate increased, and it was on the Pearl River. The influence of the mouth basin is gradually enlarged to the west.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P736
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