【摘要】：海表冷暖水舌被廣泛應用于定性描述海表水溫(SST)的空間分布特征,但缺少定量的表述和研究。本文以海表冷暖水舌軸線的空間位置和溫度為指標,用2006—2014年逐年冬季(2月)的遙感SST數(shù)據(jù),分析了渤海、黃海和東海冬季的冷暖水舌的空間分布和年際變化,并探討了其形成機理。結(jié)果表明,渤海、黃海和東海冬季存在2條冷水舌和6條暖水舌。水舌位置的EOF前三個模態(tài)(73.4%)基本解釋了其年際變化,其中空間第一模態(tài)呈同相分布,在東海中部及西部的變動幅度最大;空間第二和第三模態(tài)主要呈反相分布,分別在九州島南部及黃海區(qū)域變動幅度較大。水舌溫度的EOF第一模態(tài)(69.6%)呈空間同相分布,變動幅度在渤、黃海較大,在東海南部較小。水舌位置和水舌溫度都存在準2~3a周期的年際變化,但只有水舌位置EOF第二模態(tài)通過95%水平的顯著性檢驗。海表相對較均勻的負凈熱通量(海洋向大氣輸送熱量),使得淺水區(qū)SST比深水區(qū)下降得快,水深(上混合層深度)是冷暖水舌形成的原因之一;平流熱輸送的空間差異顯著且在冷暖水舌區(qū)域中的作用最大,在冷舌區(qū)域起到降溫作用,在暖舌區(qū)域起到增溫作用,平流熱輸送是冷暖水舌形成的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Sea surface cold and warm water tongue is widely used to describe the spatial distribution of sea surface water temperature (SST) qualitatively, but it is lack of quantitative description and research. The spatial distribution and interannual variation of the cold and warm water tongue in the Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and the East China Sea in winter are analyzed by using the remote sensing SST data of the winter (February) of 2006-2014 based on the spatial position and temperature of the sea surface cold and warm water tongue axis. The formation mechanism was also discussed. The results show that there are 2 cold water tongue and 6 warm water tongue in Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and East China Sea in winter. The first three modes (73.4%) of the water tongue position explain the interannual variation, and the spatial first mode is the same phase distribution, and the amplitude of variation is the largest in the middle and west of the East China Sea, and the second and third modes are mainly inversely distributed. In the southern part of Kyushu Island and Huang Hai region, the range is larger. The first mode of EOF (69.6%) of the temperature of the water tongue is distributed in the same phase in space. The variation range is larger in the Bohai Sea, larger in Huang Hai, and smaller in the southern part of the East China Sea. The position of the water tongue and the temperature of the water tongue have interannual variations of quasi-2 ~ 3 years period, but only the second mode of the water tongue position EOF passes the 95% level significance test. The relatively uniform negative net heat flux (the heat from the ocean to the atmosphere) makes the SST decrease faster in shallow water than in deep water, and the water depth (upper mixing layer depth) is one of the reasons for the formation of warm and cold water tongue. The spatial difference of advection heat transport is significant and it plays the most important role in the region of cold and warm water tongue, and plays a cooling role in the cold tongue region and a warming effect in the warm tongue region. The advection heat transfer is the main reason for the formation of the cold and warm water tongue.
【作者單位】： 浙江大學海洋學院;衛(wèi)星海洋環(huán)境動力學國家重點實驗室;國家海洋局第二海洋研究所;
【基金】：國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃項目資助(2011CB409803) 國家自然科學基金項目資助(41276028)
【分類號】：P731.11

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本文編號：2279495