中國(guó)黃渤海丙烯酸的分布、產(chǎn)生和去除研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-13 15:37
【摘要】：海洋中痕量活性氣體二甲基硫（DMS）及其前體β-二甲基巰基丙酸內(nèi)鹽（DMSP）是海洋研究的熱點(diǎn)之一，然而與DMS生成密切相關(guān)的另一種產(chǎn)物丙烯酸（AA）的研究幾乎還是空白。本文于2011年至2013年對(duì)中國(guó)黃渤海夏秋季AA的濃度分布、時(shí)空變化、與環(huán)境因子的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行了研究，對(duì)不同海域、不同季節(jié)AA的分布進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。并開(kāi)展現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)探討AA的產(chǎn)生和去除過(guò)程。 主要結(jié)果如下： （1）夏季表層海水中AA的濃度達(dá)到0.258μmol/L或更高，整體上來(lái)看渤海AA的濃度低于黃海；AA/Chl-a（葉綠素a）為0.28mol/g，AA/（DMSP+AA）達(dá)到0.61以上。低溫高鹽海域AA的生成速率增大，AA/Chl-a有最大值。長(zhǎng)江沖淡水外圍海域AA/Chl-a升高。AA/（DMSP+AA）則表現(xiàn)出與AA的一致性，并在黃海冷水域有低值。在長(zhǎng)江口至濟(jì)州島連線的斷面，AA表層濃度低，特別是長(zhǎng)江沖淡水使得AA含量下降；在中層AA有高濃度值。AA/Chl-a的分布與AA一致。南黃海冷水域垂直斷面上，表層AA濃度高于底層，并在20m-30m水深存在明顯的次表層Chl-a最大值層，AA濃度也具有此特征；而AA/Chl-a除了在20m-30m有最大值層外，在底層低溫高鹽的冷水團(tuán)也有較高的值。在北黃海和渤海內(nèi)，AA的垂直分布表層大于底層，Chl-a也具有表層大于底層的特征，AA/Chl-a的分布與AA一致。AA的周日變化中，白天時(shí)段的濃度比夜間時(shí)段的濃度高，Chl-a也具有同樣的變化趨勢(shì)，而AA/Chl-a則與Chl-a的變化相反。（2）秋季黃渤海AA的濃度約為0.029μmol/L，比夏季的觀測(cè)結(jié)果低一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)左右。渤海AA濃度低于黃海，有些站位更是在檢測(cè)限以下。Chl-a約為0.5μg/L，在南黃海中部有高值區(qū)，該海域的AA濃度和細(xì)菌豐度均不低。AA/Chl-a大約為0.06mol/g，其分布與AA大體一致。南黃海冷水團(tuán)海域斷面分布研究顯示，AA的濃度在中層20m處有最大值層，AA/Chl-a與AA分布大體一致，在60m水深以下AA/Chl-a也有高值。 （3）黃渤海海域AA濃度夏季高于秋季，細(xì)菌豐度與AA濃度并沒(méi)有明顯的相關(guān)。AA/（DMSP+AA）值夏季高于秋季，夏季AA的生成速率高于秋季；而DMS/AA卻是秋季高于夏季。結(jié)合已開(kāi)展的工作，，中國(guó)近海AA分布呈現(xiàn)出春夏季高于秋冬季的特征。 （4）表層海水AA、AA/Chl-a與溫度和鹽度均表現(xiàn)出正相關(guān)性。AA和AA/（DMSP+AA）與Chl-a并無(wú)明顯相關(guān)性，表層海水DMS/AA與Chl-a有非常顯著的正相關(guān)性。無(wú)論表層海水還是斷面分布中，AA均與細(xì)菌豐度表現(xiàn)出正相關(guān)性。 （5）在DMSP降解過(guò)程中，觀測(cè)到海水中有DMSP的降解和AA的生成現(xiàn)象。培養(yǎng)初期，AA的表觀降解速率一直大于DMSP，起始濃度越高，降解速率越大，且降解越完全。在AA降解過(guò)程中，黑暗條件下起始濃度越高，AA變化速率越大，而光照條件下則恰好相反。光化學(xué)反應(yīng)中前2h表現(xiàn)為AA的光化學(xué)生成，而后2h表現(xiàn)為光化學(xué)降解。
[Abstract]:Trace active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and its precursor, 尾 -dimethylmercaptopropionic acid (DMSP), are one of the hot spots in marine research. However, the study of another product, (AA), which is closely related to the formation of DMS, is almost blank. From 2011 to 2013, the concentration distribution, temporal and spatial variation of AA in summer and autumn, and the correlation with environmental factors in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in China were studied, and the distribution of AA in different sea areas and different seasons were summarized. Field experiments were carried out to explore the process of AA production and removal. The main results are as follows: (1) the concentration of AA in surface seawater in summer is 0.258 渭 mol/L or more, and the concentration of AA in Bohai Sea is lower than that of Huang Hai's AA / Chl-a (Chl a) 0.28 mol / g A / (DMSP AA) above 0.61. The formation rate of AA in the low temperature and high salt sea areas increased with the maximum value of AA / Chl-a. The increase of AA/Chl-a. AA / (DMSP AA) in the peripheral waters of Yangtze River is consistent with that of AA and has a low value in Huang Hai cold water field. The surface concentration of AA in the cross section from Changjiang Estuary to Jeju Island is low, especially the AA content is decreased due to the Yangtze River flushing fresh water, and the distribution of high concentration of AA in the middle layer is consistent with that of AA. In the vertical section of the south Huang Hai cold water field, the AA concentration in the surface layer is higher than that in the bottom layer, and the AA concentration in the maximum Chl-a layer of the subsurface layer also exists in the water depth of 20m-30m, while the AA/Chl-a has the maximum value layer in 20m-30m. At the bottom of the cold water mass with high salt and low temperature also has a higher value. When the vertical distribution of AA in the north Huang Hai and Bohai Sea is larger than that in the bottom layer of Chl-a, the distribution of AA / Chl-a is similar to the diurnal variation of AA. The concentration of AA in daytime is higher than that in nocturnal. However, the change of AA/Chl-a is opposite to that of Chl-a. (2) the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is about 0.029 渭 mol/L, in autumn, which is about an order of magnitude lower than that observed in summer. The concentration of AA in Bohai Sea is lower than that of Huang Hai, and some stations are below the detection limit. Chl-a is about 0.5 渭 g / L, and there is a high value area in the middle of South Huang Hai. The concentration of AA and the abundance of bacteria in this area are not low. The concentration of AA and the abundance of bacteria in this sea area are about 0.06 mol / g. The distribution of AA is approximately the same as that of AA. The study on the cross section distribution of southern Huang Hai cold water mass shows that the concentration of AA in the middle layer is approximately the same as that of AA at the middle level of 20 m, and the AA/Chl-a is also high below 60 m. (3) the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is higher in summer than in autumn, and the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is higher than that in autumn. There was no significant correlation between bacterial abundance and AA concentration. AA / (DMSP AA) value in summer was higher than that in autumn, and AA production rate in summer was higher than that in autumn, while DMS/AA was higher in autumn than in summer. Combined with the work carried out, the distribution of AA in the offshore waters of China showed a higher distribution in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. (4) the AA,AA/Chl-a of surface seawater showed positive correlation with temperature and salinity. AA and AA/ (DMSP AA) had no significant correlation with Chl-a. There was a significant positive correlation between DMS/AA and Chl-a in surface seawater. There was a positive correlation between AA and bacterial abundance in both surface seawater and section distribution. (5) in the process of DMSP degradation, the degradation of DMSP and the formation of AA in seawater were observed. The higher the initial concentration of DMSP, the higher the degradation rate of AA and the more complete the degradation. In the process of AA degradation, the higher the initial concentration in darkness, the greater the rate of change of AA, but the opposite was observed under light. The first 2 hours of photochemical reaction showed photochemical formation of AA and then 2 h of photochemical degradation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P734
[Abstract]:Trace active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and its precursor, 尾 -dimethylmercaptopropionic acid (DMSP), are one of the hot spots in marine research. However, the study of another product, (AA), which is closely related to the formation of DMS, is almost blank. From 2011 to 2013, the concentration distribution, temporal and spatial variation of AA in summer and autumn, and the correlation with environmental factors in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in China were studied, and the distribution of AA in different sea areas and different seasons were summarized. Field experiments were carried out to explore the process of AA production and removal. The main results are as follows: (1) the concentration of AA in surface seawater in summer is 0.258 渭 mol/L or more, and the concentration of AA in Bohai Sea is lower than that of Huang Hai's AA / Chl-a (Chl a) 0.28 mol / g A / (DMSP AA) above 0.61. The formation rate of AA in the low temperature and high salt sea areas increased with the maximum value of AA / Chl-a. The increase of AA/Chl-a. AA / (DMSP AA) in the peripheral waters of Yangtze River is consistent with that of AA and has a low value in Huang Hai cold water field. The surface concentration of AA in the cross section from Changjiang Estuary to Jeju Island is low, especially the AA content is decreased due to the Yangtze River flushing fresh water, and the distribution of high concentration of AA in the middle layer is consistent with that of AA. In the vertical section of the south Huang Hai cold water field, the AA concentration in the surface layer is higher than that in the bottom layer, and the AA concentration in the maximum Chl-a layer of the subsurface layer also exists in the water depth of 20m-30m, while the AA/Chl-a has the maximum value layer in 20m-30m. At the bottom of the cold water mass with high salt and low temperature also has a higher value. When the vertical distribution of AA in the north Huang Hai and Bohai Sea is larger than that in the bottom layer of Chl-a, the distribution of AA / Chl-a is similar to the diurnal variation of AA. The concentration of AA in daytime is higher than that in nocturnal. However, the change of AA/Chl-a is opposite to that of Chl-a. (2) the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is about 0.029 渭 mol/L, in autumn, which is about an order of magnitude lower than that observed in summer. The concentration of AA in Bohai Sea is lower than that of Huang Hai, and some stations are below the detection limit. Chl-a is about 0.5 渭 g / L, and there is a high value area in the middle of South Huang Hai. The concentration of AA and the abundance of bacteria in this area are not low. The concentration of AA and the abundance of bacteria in this sea area are about 0.06 mol / g. The distribution of AA is approximately the same as that of AA. The study on the cross section distribution of southern Huang Hai cold water mass shows that the concentration of AA in the middle layer is approximately the same as that of AA at the middle level of 20 m, and the AA/Chl-a is also high below 60 m. (3) the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is higher in summer than in autumn, and the concentration of AA in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is higher than that in autumn. There was no significant correlation between bacterial abundance and AA concentration. AA / (DMSP AA) value in summer was higher than that in autumn, and AA production rate in summer was higher than that in autumn, while DMS/AA was higher in autumn than in summer. Combined with the work carried out, the distribution of AA in the offshore waters of China showed a higher distribution in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. (4) the AA,AA/Chl-a of surface seawater showed positive correlation with temperature and salinity. AA and AA/ (DMSP AA) had no significant correlation with Chl-a. There was a significant positive correlation between DMS/AA and Chl-a in surface seawater. There was a positive correlation between AA and bacterial abundance in both surface seawater and section distribution. (5) in the process of DMSP degradation, the degradation of DMSP and the formation of AA in seawater were observed. The higher the initial concentration of DMSP, the higher the degradation rate of AA and the more complete the degradation. In the process of AA degradation, the higher the initial concentration in darkness, the greater the rate of change of AA, but the opposite was observed under light. The first 2 hours of photochemical reaction showed photochemical formation of AA and then 2 h of photochemical degradation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P734
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