發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-07 11:29

【摘要】：隨著海洋資源的開(kāi)發(fā)逐漸向深海邁進(jìn)，，深海裝備的研發(fā)已成為近幾年的熱點(diǎn)。非粘結(jié)柔性立管由于其彎曲剛度小、質(zhì)量輕、耐腐蝕以及抗疲勞性能強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，適用于深海惡劣的海況。然而，由于非粘結(jié)柔性立管結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性和深海環(huán)境載荷的復(fù)雜性，使得非粘結(jié)柔性立管在設(shè)計(jì)和服役過(guò)程中的結(jié)構(gòu)失效分析面臨很大的挑戰(zhàn)。 首先，非粘結(jié)柔性立管的局部結(jié)構(gòu)由多層互相非粘結(jié)的功能層以及高分子層組成，層間可相互滑移、摩擦，造成了立管非線(xiàn)性的力學(xué)性能和特殊的本構(gòu)關(guān)系；其次，其復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致其拉伸剛度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)強(qiáng)于其彎曲剛度，致使其在求解動(dòng)力響應(yīng)問(wèn)題過(guò)程中容易造成計(jì)算的不收斂，使得其動(dòng)力響應(yīng)難以準(zhǔn)確求解；最后，由于柔性立管的疲勞破壞往往不是所有結(jié)構(gòu)層同時(shí)發(fā)生，傳統(tǒng)的疲勞壽命分析方法無(wú)法分析柔性立管結(jié)構(gòu)多層的疲勞性能。 本文針對(duì)非粘結(jié)柔性立管設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行中所遇到的挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究，主要的工作如下： 1、運(yùn)用新型簡(jiǎn)化模型對(duì)柔性立管的局部力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行分析。 非粘結(jié)柔性立管結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，采用傳統(tǒng)的實(shí)體建模的方法雖然能較為準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)其力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行評(píng)估，但是由于模型節(jié)點(diǎn)自由度數(shù)量巨大，此外還需考慮層間的接觸和摩擦等非線(xiàn)性因素使得其計(jì)算成本十分高昂，而傳統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)化模型忽略了立管層間的摩擦又無(wú)法反映非粘結(jié)柔性立管特殊的非線(xiàn)性本構(gòu)關(guān)系。運(yùn)用改進(jìn)后的梁殼組合新型簡(jiǎn)化模型對(duì)非粘結(jié)柔性立管進(jìn)行局部力學(xué)分析可以在保證計(jì)算精度的前提下大大減少計(jì)算成本，并能夠準(zhǔn)確反映其非線(xiàn)性的力學(xué)特性。 2、提出運(yùn)用多層應(yīng)力分配法對(duì)非粘結(jié)柔性立管的本構(gòu)關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析。 多層非粘結(jié)柔性結(jié)構(gòu)物的本構(gòu)關(guān)系一直是力學(xué)分析的難點(diǎn)，本文提出運(yùn)用多層應(yīng)力分配法，結(jié)合層間的接觸關(guān)系和摩擦關(guān)系，引進(jìn)滑移/粘滯模型，對(duì)立管的各層結(jié)構(gòu)分別建立本構(gòu)方程，并用之前建立的數(shù)值分析模型來(lái)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。本構(gòu)關(guān)系的建立是解決非粘結(jié)柔性立管力學(xué)問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵，也是后續(xù)疲勞分析的基礎(chǔ)。 3、提出了耦合單元法求解非粘結(jié)柔性立管的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)。 針對(duì)非粘結(jié)柔性立管動(dòng)力分析遇到的計(jì)算不收斂問(wèn)題，推導(dǎo)并建立了適用于柔性結(jié)構(gòu)物的總體動(dòng)力分析方法�？紤]到復(fù)雜的海洋環(huán)境載荷，采用時(shí)域動(dòng)力分析的方法使結(jié)果更加準(zhǔn)確。分別運(yùn)用經(jīng)典的靜力算例和動(dòng)力分析算例來(lái)驗(yàn)證提出方法的可靠性。并運(yùn)用該方法求解了自由懸掛式立管的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)。 4、采用多層疲勞壽命分析法求解非粘結(jié)柔性立管的疲勞壽命。 針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)方法無(wú)法求解非粘結(jié)柔性立管多層的疲勞壽命分析問(wèn)題，結(jié)合前文的多層應(yīng)力分配法，將總體的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)分配到各層中，再對(duì)立管所有的結(jié)構(gòu)功能層進(jìn)行疲勞壽命分析。并討論了設(shè)計(jì)變量對(duì)非粘結(jié)柔性立管疲勞壽命計(jì)算的影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine resources, the research and development of deep-sea equipment has become a hot spot in recent years. The unbonded flexible riser is suitable for the bad sea conditions in the deep sea due to its small bending stiffness, light weight, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. However, due to the complexity of the non-bonded flexible riser structure and the complexity of the deep-sea environment load, the failure analysis of the non-bonded flexible riser structure in the design and service process faces a great challenge. Firstly, the local structure of the unbonded flexible riser is composed of multi-layer non-bonded functional layer and polymer layer. The sliding and friction between layers lead to the nonlinear mechanical properties and special constitutive relationship of the riser. Because of its complex structure, its tensile stiffness is much stronger than its bending stiffness, which makes it easy to solve the dynamic response problem without convergence, which makes the dynamic response difficult to solve accurately. Because the fatigue failure of flexible riser does not occur at the same time, the traditional fatigue life analysis method can not analyze the fatigue performance of flexible riser structure. In this paper, the challenges in the design and operation of unbonded flexible risers are studied in detail. The main work is as follows: 1. The local mechanical properties of flexible risers are analyzed by using a new simplified model. The structure of unbonded flexible riser is complex. Although the traditional solid modeling method can accurately evaluate its mechanical properties, the number of degrees of freedom of the model nodes is huge. In addition, nonlinear factors such as interlayer contact and friction should be taken into account, which makes the calculation cost very high. However, the traditional simplified model ignores the friction between the riser layers and can not reflect the special nonlinear constitutive relationship of the non-bonded flexible riser. The local mechanical analysis of the unbonded flexible riser by using the new simplified model of beam-shell combination can greatly reduce the calculation cost on the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy. It can accurately reflect its nonlinear mechanical properties. 2. A multi-layer stress distribution method is proposed to analyze the constitutive relationship of unbonded flexible risers. The constitutive relationship of multilayer unbonded flexible structures is always a difficult point in mechanical analysis. In this paper, a sliding / viscous model is introduced by using the multilayer stress distribution method and the contact and friction relations between layers. The constitutive equations of each layer of the opposing tube are established and verified by the previous numerical analysis model. The establishment of constitutive relationship is the key to solve the mechanical problems of unbonded flexible risers and the basis of subsequent fatigue analysis. 3. A coupled element method is proposed to solve the dynamic response of unbonded flexible risers. In order to solve the problem of unconvergent calculation in dynamic analysis of unbonded flexible risers, a general dynamic analysis method for flexible structures is derived and established. Considering the complex marine environment load, the time domain dynamic analysis method is used to make the results more accurate. The reliability of the proposed method is verified by classical static examples and dynamic analysis examples respectively. The dynamic response of free hanging riser is solved by this method. 4. The fatigue life of unbonded flexible riser is solved by multilayer fatigue life analysis. In view of the traditional method can not solve the fatigue life analysis problem of non-bonded flexible riser, combined with the multi-layer stress distribution method, the dynamic response of the whole is distributed to each layer. Then the fatigue life of all the structural functional layers of the opposite tube is analyzed. The influence of design variables on fatigue life calculation of unbonded flexible riser is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P751

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