【摘要】：沉積物-水界面上磷的吸附解吸是海域磷素遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的重要方式并且直接影響海水中磷的濃度和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水平。埕島采油平臺(tái)改建魚(yú)礁海域人工魚(yú)礁的投放和退役采油平臺(tái)鑄鐵的腐蝕形成了研究區(qū)獨(dú)特的沉積物環(huán)境。本文通過(guò)等溫吸附解吸的方法模擬固體濃度、pH和針鐵礦含量對(duì)沉積物-水界面上的磷吸附解吸的影響,主要探討了影響因素對(duì)吸附量、EPCo等重要吸附參數(shù)產(chǎn)生的作用。采用修正的Langmuir、 Freundlich以及線性回歸的方法對(duì)等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行擬合,并對(duì)其在EPC0計(jì)算方面的作用進(jìn)行比較。最后,結(jié)合退役采油平臺(tái)海域投礁后期調(diào)查與實(shí)驗(yàn)所得規(guī)律,判斷退役采油平臺(tái)海域磷酸鹽濃度的變化趨勢(shì),對(duì)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水平作出預(yù)估。主要結(jié)論如下： (1)固體濃度升高,EPCo值隨之增大,說(shuō)明在一定程度上固體濃度升高有利于沉積物中磷的釋放,但EPC0值整體上仍小于海域底層海水磷濃度,表明沉積物主要表現(xiàn)為對(duì)磷的吸附作用。因此研究海域中的項(xiàng)目施工引起的懸浮物濃度增大不會(huì)改變沉積物磷匯的作用。 (2)研究海域表層沉積物對(duì)磷的吸附量隨pH在6.5～8.5之間的小幅度增大表現(xiàn)為先增大后減小,在略偏堿性范圍內(nèi)(pH值為7.71時(shí))出現(xiàn)最大吸附量。小幅度的pH變化對(duì)吸附參數(shù)的影響較小,等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示偏酸或偏堿都會(huì)使磷傾向于吸附,但這種作用十分微弱。 (3)針鐵礦含量增大對(duì)吸附的影響顯著。針鐵礦含量增大,PAC與NAP的增大說(shuō)明針鐵礦特殊的表面性質(zhì)使沉積物更易于固定水中的磷,而表現(xiàn)為吸附解吸磷的能力同時(shí)增強(qiáng)；EPC0輕微減小,Kp明顯增大,說(shuō)明從表觀上來(lái)看沉積物易于吸附磷。 (4)通過(guò)對(duì)比固體濃度、pH和針鐵礦含量對(duì)吸附產(chǎn)生的影響,并結(jié)合海域中影響因子的變化空間,推出固體濃度是該海域中磷吸附解吸的最主要的影響因子。在人力物力有限的條件下,可著重研究固體濃度對(duì)吸附產(chǎn)生的影響,以從整體上把握變化趨勢(shì)。 (5)對(duì)EPC0的分析表明,固體濃度為沉積物-水界面磷吸附解吸的最主要的影響因子；沉積物組成即針鐵礦含量的升高對(duì)EPC0未表現(xiàn)出明顯影響,但針鐵礦的添入與否對(duì)EPCo有一定程度的影響。擬合數(shù)據(jù)表明,修正后的Langmuir和Freundlich可以較可靠的計(jì)算EPC0值,但吸附量與初始濃度做線性回歸的方法出現(xiàn)較大的偏差,不適合計(jì)算本研究區(qū)域沉積物磷吸附的EPC0值。 (6)調(diào)查顯示,海域磷酸鹽與固體濃度表現(xiàn)出較為一致的變化規(guī)律,表明固體濃度是沉積物-水界面磷吸附解吸的重要影響因子。懸浮沉積物可以吸附水體中的磷酸鹽,是海水中磷的匯。總體上不會(huì)因?yàn)楣腆w濃度的增大,導(dǎo)致海水中磷濃度的突然升高,但也不排除極端狀況下,固體濃度的大幅升高引起的磷釋放。退役采油平臺(tái)海域整體上不會(huì)因?yàn)槌练e環(huán)境的變化而導(dǎo)致磷的大量釋放引起海域富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,但也存在局部富營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平偏高的可能。
[Abstract]:Adsorption and desorption of phosphorus on the sediment-water interface is an important way of phosphorus transport and transformation in the sea area and directly affects the concentration and eutrophication of phosphorus in the sea water. Adsorption and desorption methods simulate the effects of solid concentration, pH and goethite content on phosphorus adsorption and desorption at the sediment-water interface. The effects of influencing factors on adsorption capacity, EPCo and other important adsorption parameters are discussed. The experimental results of isothermal adsorption are fitted by modified Langmuir, Freundlich and linear regression methods. Finally, the change trend of phosphate concentration in the area of decommissioned platforms is judged and the eutrophication level is predicted by combining the investigation and experimental results of the decommissioned platforms.
(1) With the increase of solid concentration, the EPCo value increases, which indicates that the increase of solid concentration is beneficial to the release of phosphorus from sediments to a certain extent, but the EPC0 value is still lower than the phosphorus concentration in the bottom seawater, indicating that the sediments mainly show phosphorus adsorption. Changing the role of phosphorus in sediments.
(2) The adsorption capacity of phosphorus on the surface sediments of the sea area increases first and then decreases with the small increase of pH between 6.5 and 8.5, and the maximum adsorption capacity appears in the slightly alkaline range (pH 7.71). The small change of pH has little effect on the adsorption parameters, and isothermal adsorption experiments show that both acidic and alkaline can make phosphorus tend to adsorption. But this effect is very weak.
(3) The increase of goethite content and PAC and NAP indicated that the special surface properties of goethite made the sediments more easily to fix phosphorus in water, and the adsorption and desorption capacity of goethite increased at the same time. EPC0 decreased slightly and Kp increased significantly, indicating that the sediments were easy to adsorb phosphorus from the surface.
(4) By comparing the effects of solid concentration, pH and goethite content on adsorption and combining with the changing space of influencing factors in the sea area, it is deduced that the solid concentration is the most important influencing factor of phosphorus adsorption and desorption in the sea area. Grasp the trend of change.
(5) The analysis of EPC0 shows that the solid concentration is the most important factor affecting the adsorption and desorption of phosphorus at the sediment-water interface; the elevation of goethite content in sediments has no obvious effect on EPC0, but the addition of goethite has some effect on EPCo. The fitting data show that the modified Langmuir and Freundlich can be compared. Reliable calculation of EPC0 value, but the method of linear regression between adsorption capacity and initial concentration is not suitable for calculating the EPC0 value of phosphorus adsorption in sediments of this study area.
(6) The results show that the concentration of phosphate and solids in the sea area shows a relatively consistent change law, indicating that the solid concentration is an important factor affecting the adsorption and desorption of phosphorus at the sediment-water interface. The sudden increase of phosphorus content in the decommissioned oil platforms will not lead to the eutrophication of the sea area as a whole because of the change of sedimentary environment, but there is also the possibility of high local eutrophication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X55

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