【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,油氣資源問題日趨明顯和嚴(yán)重,而全球75%的油氣資源都在海洋,這也就需要大力發(fā)展海洋油氣開采技術(shù)和開采工程,但是海上風(fēng)浪較大,工作環(huán)境比較惡劣,海上鉆井平臺隨著海浪的起伏上下振動強(qiáng)烈,從而使鉆井工作不穩(wěn)定,很容易損壞鉆頭,這使得工作效率高、適應(yīng)環(huán)境惡劣的波浪補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)成為海上油氣開采的主力。本文以波浪補(bǔ)償裝置為研究對象,對鉆柱的補(bǔ)償位移進(jìn)行研究,目的就是為了減少海浪波動對鉆頭工作的影響,適應(yīng)海上惡劣的工作環(huán)境,提高鉆井的工作效率。文章主要做了以下工作:1.分析了現(xiàn)有波浪補(bǔ)償技術(shù)國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和介紹了各種補(bǔ)償波浪補(bǔ)償裝置結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理。2.對海上鉆井平臺的工作環(huán)境進(jìn)行分析,把實(shí)際海浪的工作情況轉(zhuǎn)化為理論研究,對鉆柱的實(shí)際工作進(jìn)行受力分析。3.對現(xiàn)有的被動波浪補(bǔ)償和主動波浪裝置液壓原理進(jìn)行分析,利用AMESim對主動波浪補(bǔ)償和被動波浪裝置進(jìn)行建模仿真。4.提出半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置,設(shè)計(jì)出半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置的液壓原理圖,并對半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行匹配。5.對半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置的液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)建模,通過AMESim仿真軟件對其補(bǔ)償效果進(jìn)行仿真分析(蓄能器的體積對補(bǔ)償效果的影響,不同大鉤載荷對補(bǔ)償效果的影響,泵的排量與比例系數(shù)對補(bǔ)償效果和能量消耗的影響等),仿真結(jié)果表明半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置位移補(bǔ)償精度較高,響應(yīng)速度快,能量消耗低,節(jié)約了資源。對三種補(bǔ)償裝置的仿真結(jié)果對比分析,得出半主動波浪補(bǔ)償裝置可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the problem of oil and gas resources is becoming more and more serious, and 75% of the world's oil and gas resources are in the ocean. The working environment is rather bad, and the offshore drilling platform vibrates strongly with the waves, which makes the drilling work unstable and easy to damage the drill bit, which makes the working efficiency high. The wave compensation system which adapts to the harsh environment becomes the main force of offshore oil and gas production. In this paper, the compensation displacement of drill string is studied with wave compensation device as the research object. The purpose of this study is to reduce the influence of wave fluctuation on bit work, adapt to the harsh working environment at sea, and improve the working efficiency of drilling. The article mainly did the following work: 1. The current development of wave compensation technology at home and abroad is analyzed, and the structure and working principle of various wave compensation devices are introduced. The working environment of offshore drilling platform is analyzed, the actual wave working condition is transformed into theoretical research, and the actual work of drill string is analyzed. The existing passive wave compensation and the hydraulic principle of active wave device are analyzed, and the modeling and simulation of active wave compensation and passive wave device are carried out by using AMESim. A semi-active wave compensation device is proposed. The hydraulic principle diagram of the semi-active wave compensation device is designed and the system parameters of the semi-active wave compensation device are matched .5. Mathematical modeling of hydraulic system of semi-active wave compensation device is carried out. The compensation effect is simulated and analyzed by AMESim software (the effect of accumulator volume on compensation effect, the influence of different hook load on compensation effect, etc. The simulation results show that the displacement compensation accuracy of the semi-active wave compensation device is high, the response speed is fast, the energy consumption is low, and the resources are saved. The simulation results of three kinds of compensators are compared and analyzed, and the feasibility of semi-active wave compensator is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P75;P731.2

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