【摘要】：本文利用1979年2月至2012年3月共33年的水帆位于15m層的Argos漂流浮標(biāo)資料，繪制黑潮流系15m層的多年年平均和月平均流場(chǎng)，，運(yùn)用特征線方法計(jì)算得到黑潮流軸，定義黑潮流動(dòng)路徑的邊界為流速大小介于0.4-0.6kn的過(guò)渡性區(qū)域，對(duì)黑潮多年年平均和月平均主要特征進(jìn)行了分析研究，并據(jù)此對(duì)有限元海灣海洋模式（FVCOM）模擬的相關(guān)特征進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)分析。 漂流浮標(biāo)觀測(cè)結(jié)果顯示：黑潮多年年平均流路大致是一個(gè)以（13.5°N,142°E）為圓心、2235km為半徑的直角弧段，其在呂宋海峽、臺(tái)灣東北、九州西南及伊豆海嶺附近海區(qū)發(fā)生氣旋式彎曲前先進(jìn)行反氣旋式彎曲調(diào)整，彎曲處出現(xiàn)的路徑開口主要是支流的并入或分支的流出；黑潮流軸整體性偏向黑潮左邊界，其中在呂宋島東北至臺(tái)灣以東海域最為顯著，在本州島以南海域次之，而在東海黑潮流段最不明顯；黑潮流路上的流速在總體上由南向北呈增大趨勢(shì)，但并非沿流路持續(xù)性逐漸增加，而是呈現(xiàn)出較平直流段的大流速區(qū)和彎曲調(diào)整流段的低流速區(qū)相互交錯(cuò)的狀況，其中多年平均觀測(cè)資料顯示四國(guó)島以南至伊豆諸島以西流段的流速為最大。多年月平均流場(chǎng)顯示，2、5、8、11這4個(gè)月份是黑潮流路和流軸發(fā)生變化的重要轉(zhuǎn)折期，而1、4、7、10這4個(gè)月份則是各季節(jié)的代表月份。其中，冬季月份的黑潮流路和流軸最為曲折，向邊緣海發(fā)生顯著入侵；夏季月份的黑潮流路和流軸最為平直，左側(cè)伴隨有北向流動(dòng)；春、秋兩季的過(guò)渡性特征則比較明顯。 對(duì)FVCOM數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的檢驗(yàn)表明，F(xiàn)VCOM模擬結(jié)果在總體上表現(xiàn)出與觀測(cè)結(jié)果的一致性，細(xì)節(jié)上的差別主要表現(xiàn)在：模擬結(jié)果的流速總體上偏小而流幅偏寬；模擬結(jié)果的最大流速段位于房總半島以東流段，而實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果則位于四國(guó)島以南至伊豆諸島以西流段；模擬結(jié)果沒有較好顯示出黑潮在大隅海峽的流況，也沒有更好反映出黑潮在伊豆海嶺處的調(diào)整狀況等。
[Abstract]:In this paper, using the Argos floating buoy data of water sail in 15m layer from February 1979 to March 2012, the annual and monthly mean flow fields in 15m layer of the Kuroshio system are plotted, and the Kuroshio axis is calculated by using the characteristic line method. The boundary of the Kuroshio flow path is defined as the transitional region with velocity between 0.4-0.6kn and the Kuroshio flow path. The main characteristics of the annual and monthly Kuroshio mean are analyzed and studied. Based on this, the relevant characteristics of the finite element Gulf Ocean Model (FVCOM) simulation are tested and analyzed. The observation results of drifting buoy show that the Kuroshio annual average flow path is approximately a right-angled arc with a radius of (13.5 擄N ~ (142) 擄E) at a radius of 2235 km. It is located in the Luzon Strait and northeast of Taiwan. In the southwest of Kyushu and near the Yidou Ridge, the anticyclonic bend was made before the cyclonic bend occurred. The path opening at the bend was mainly the merging of the tributaries or the outflow of the branches; the overall Kuroshio axis shifted towards the left boundary of the Kuroshio. Among them, the sea area from northeast Luzon Island to the east of Taiwan is the most significant, followed by the sea area south of Honshu Island, while the Kuroshio current section of the East China Sea is the least obvious, and the velocity of Kuroshio current road increases from south to north in general. However, it does not increase gradually along the flow path, but shows that the large velocity zone in the flat DC section is interlaced with the low velocity zone in the curved and adjusted flow section. The multiyear mean data show that the velocity of current from the south of Shikoku Island to the west of Izu Islands is the highest. The monthly mean flow field over the years shows that the four months of Kuroshio flow path and flow axis change are important turning periods, while the four months of 1 / 4 / 7 / 10 are the representative months of each season. In winter, the Kuroshio current path and current axis are the most tortuous, with significant invasion to the marginal sea; in summer, the Kuroshio current path and current axis are most straight, with the north flow on the left; the transitional characteristics of spring and autumn are obvious. The results of FVCOM numerical simulation show that the simulation results are consistent with the observed results in general. The differences in details are as follows: the velocity of the simulation results is generally small and the flow amplitude is wide; The maximum velocity section of the simulation is located in the flow section east of the Fangtuo Peninsula, while the measured results are located in the section south of Shikoku Island to the west of the Idou Islands. The simulation results do not show that the Kuroshio current in the Tai Yu Strait is better than that in the Kuroshio Strait. Also did not better reflect the Kuroshio in the Yidou Ridge adjustment and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P731.27

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