近海環(huán)境下的聲傳播特性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 20:39
【摘要】：近海聲學(xué)環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變，由于其水深往往較淺，溫度受光照、風(fēng)浪等因素影響明顯，，岸基噪聲豐富、水面船只來往密集，潮汐現(xiàn)象對水位改變較大，這些現(xiàn)象都使得近海聲傳播的研究經(jīng)久不衰。非線性內(nèi)波經(jīng)常在近海環(huán)境中被捕捉到，關(guān)于內(nèi)波引起聲場起伏的規(guī)律研究在過去的30年理論和實驗都取得了進展，對于淺海非線性內(nèi)波引起的聲場起伏的定性描述基本成熟。然而，由于淺海非線性內(nèi)波描述本身的不完善和淺海聲場的影響因素較多，淺海非線性內(nèi)波引起聲場起伏的定量規(guī)律描述還需進一步研究，本文針對一些新的實驗數(shù)據(jù)采用一些新的方法和思路進行了研究。 在聲傳播研究中，射線和簡正波理論是應(yīng)用最為廣泛的理論，關(guān)于兩種理論之間聯(lián)系的研究也是聲學(xué)研究的重要內(nèi)容之一。波導(dǎo)不變量可有效地用于描述水下聲傳播特性，通常采用簡正波理論描述和定義。本文在理論部分中針對海洋環(huán)境與距離無關(guān)或者存在輕微擾動時的聲傳播，利用簡正波水平干涉結(jié)構(gòu)距離上的周期性與射線水平跨距相等的特點，采用簡潔方式證明了射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)與簡正波波導(dǎo)不變量相等，在射線和簡正波理論中建立了一個新的聯(lián)系，并通過簡正波干涉聲場數(shù)值模擬，對簡正波的相長干涉形成能量包沿著射線路徑傳播進行了驗證，說明了簡正波和射線理論的共通性。 文章結(jié)合遠距離射線模型聲傳播仿真結(jié)果，對射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)及射線傳播時間穩(wěn)定性之間的關(guān)系進行了分析和討論。仿真結(jié)果表明，射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)作為射線理論中一個新的參數(shù)，能夠反映海洋環(huán)境變化，可用于描述聲傳播特性。 本文針對2013年朝連島附近海域?qū)嶒炈玫臏囟群吐晜鞑?shù)據(jù)進行分析，研究溫度數(shù)據(jù)和聲傳播數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計特性，結(jié)合實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行理論驗證。根據(jù)實測數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建溫度場模型，在全時段內(nèi)對聲傳播過程進行還原并進行簡正波過濾，對發(fā)現(xiàn)的聲傳播規(guī)律加以總結(jié)。針對實驗實測數(shù)據(jù)，給出了射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)曲線和偽彩圖，并對照簡正波過濾結(jié)果進行了分析。結(jié)果表明，實驗中內(nèi)波的存在使部分簡正波系數(shù)（歸一化）改變0.1左右。射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)（絕對值）主要集中在0-3之間，內(nèi)波出現(xiàn)時可以達到5或者更大。文章中分析的與簡正波對應(yīng)的射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)與簡正波系數(shù)在遇到內(nèi)波時其起伏變化規(guī)律吻合。分析表明射線穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)的變化與海洋環(huán)境密切相關(guān)其可以作為一個全新的量可以表征淺海環(huán)境變化。
[Abstract]:The offshore acoustic environment is complex and changeable, because its water depth is often shallow, the temperature is obviously influenced by light, wind and wave, the shore noise is abundant, the water surface ships are dense, and the tidal phenomenon changes the water level greatly. All these phenomena have made the study of offshore acoustic propagation enduring. Nonlinear internal waves are often captured in offshore environments. In the past 30 years, both theoretical and experimental studies on the regularity of acoustic field fluctuations caused by internal waves have made progress, and the qualitative description of acoustic field fluctuations caused by nonlinear internal waves in shallow water is basically mature. However, due to the imperfection of nonlinear internal wave description in shallow water and the influence of many factors on the sound field in shallow water, the quantitative description of the fluctuation of sound field caused by nonlinear internal wave in shallow water needs to be further studied. In this paper, some new methods and ideas are used to study some new experimental data. In the study of acoustic propagation, the theory of ray and normal wave is the most widely used theory, and the study on the relationship between the two theories is also one of the important contents of acoustic research. Waveguide invariants can be used to describe underwater acoustic propagation effectively. In the theoretical part, in view of the sound propagation in the marine environment which is independent of distance or slightly disturbed, the periodicity of the structure distance of normal wave horizontal interference is equal to the horizontal span of ray. It is proved that the parameter of ray stability is equal to that of normal wave waveguide in a simple way. A new relation is established in the theory of ray and normal wave, and the numerical simulation of sound field of normal wave interference is carried out. In this paper, the phase length interference of normal wave is verified and the energy packet propagating along the ray path is verified, which shows the commonality between the normal wave and the ray theory. In this paper, the relationship between the parameters of ray stability and the time stability of ray propagation is analyzed and discussed based on the simulation results of sound propagation in long distance ray models. The simulation results show that, as a new parameter in ray theory, the ray stability parameter can reflect the changes of marine environment and can be used to describe the acoustic propagation characteristics. In this paper, the temperature and sound propagation data of the sea area near Chaolian Island in 2013 are analyzed, the statistical characteristics of the temperature data and sound propagation data are studied, and the theoretical verification is carried out with the experimental data. Based on the measured data, the temperature field model is constructed, the sound propagation process is reduced and the normal wave filter is carried out during the whole period of time, and the discovered sound propagation law is summarized. Based on the experimental measured data, the ray stability parameter curve and pseudo-color map are given, and compared with the results of normal wave filtering, the results are analyzed. The results show that the partial normal wave coefficient (normalized) is changed by 0.1 or so due to the existence of internal waves in the experiment. The ray stability parameters (absolute values) are mainly between 0 and 3, and the internal waves can reach 5 or more when they occur. The ray stability parameters corresponding to the normal wave are consistent with the fluctuation of the normal wave coefficient when the internal wave is encountered in this paper. The analysis shows that the variation of ray stability parameters is closely related to the marine environment which can be used as a new quantity to characterize the variation of the shallow sea environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P733.2
本文編號：2151510
[Abstract]:The offshore acoustic environment is complex and changeable, because its water depth is often shallow, the temperature is obviously influenced by light, wind and wave, the shore noise is abundant, the water surface ships are dense, and the tidal phenomenon changes the water level greatly. All these phenomena have made the study of offshore acoustic propagation enduring. Nonlinear internal waves are often captured in offshore environments. In the past 30 years, both theoretical and experimental studies on the regularity of acoustic field fluctuations caused by internal waves have made progress, and the qualitative description of acoustic field fluctuations caused by nonlinear internal waves in shallow water is basically mature. However, due to the imperfection of nonlinear internal wave description in shallow water and the influence of many factors on the sound field in shallow water, the quantitative description of the fluctuation of sound field caused by nonlinear internal wave in shallow water needs to be further studied. In this paper, some new methods and ideas are used to study some new experimental data. In the study of acoustic propagation, the theory of ray and normal wave is the most widely used theory, and the study on the relationship between the two theories is also one of the important contents of acoustic research. Waveguide invariants can be used to describe underwater acoustic propagation effectively. In the theoretical part, in view of the sound propagation in the marine environment which is independent of distance or slightly disturbed, the periodicity of the structure distance of normal wave horizontal interference is equal to the horizontal span of ray. It is proved that the parameter of ray stability is equal to that of normal wave waveguide in a simple way. A new relation is established in the theory of ray and normal wave, and the numerical simulation of sound field of normal wave interference is carried out. In this paper, the phase length interference of normal wave is verified and the energy packet propagating along the ray path is verified, which shows the commonality between the normal wave and the ray theory. In this paper, the relationship between the parameters of ray stability and the time stability of ray propagation is analyzed and discussed based on the simulation results of sound propagation in long distance ray models. The simulation results show that, as a new parameter in ray theory, the ray stability parameter can reflect the changes of marine environment and can be used to describe the acoustic propagation characteristics. In this paper, the temperature and sound propagation data of the sea area near Chaolian Island in 2013 are analyzed, the statistical characteristics of the temperature data and sound propagation data are studied, and the theoretical verification is carried out with the experimental data. Based on the measured data, the temperature field model is constructed, the sound propagation process is reduced and the normal wave filter is carried out during the whole period of time, and the discovered sound propagation law is summarized. Based on the experimental measured data, the ray stability parameter curve and pseudo-color map are given, and compared with the results of normal wave filtering, the results are analyzed. The results show that the partial normal wave coefficient (normalized) is changed by 0.1 or so due to the existence of internal waves in the experiment. The ray stability parameters (absolute values) are mainly between 0 and 3, and the internal waves can reach 5 or more when they occur. The ray stability parameters corresponding to the normal wave are consistent with the fluctuation of the normal wave coefficient when the internal wave is encountered in this paper. The analysis shows that the variation of ray stability parameters is closely related to the marine environment which can be used as a new quantity to characterize the variation of the shallow sea environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P733.2
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