旋轉(zhuǎn)式能量回收裝置水力沖擊角度與轉(zhuǎn)速特性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 08:09
【摘要】：隨著人們對節(jié)能的日益重視，，近些年反滲透海水淡化技術(shù)迅猛發(fā)展，能耗大幅降低。能耗的降低很大程度上有賴于能量回收裝置的全面利用。能量回收裝置可分為透平式和正位移式兩種，作為正位移式能量回收裝置的一種，水力自驅(qū)旋轉(zhuǎn)式能量回收裝置有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、操控簡便、流體連續(xù)性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，成為近年來能量回收裝置的研究熱點(diǎn)。 本文設(shè)計(jì)并加工了6種螺旋導(dǎo)流塊，其沖擊角度分別為67.8°、68.5°、69.9°、72.5°、75.1°和77.9°。將上述螺旋導(dǎo)流塊分別依次固定在不銹鋼端盤上，然后將上下端盤以及轉(zhuǎn)子組裝成轉(zhuǎn)芯，連同其它零部件一起裝入有機(jī)玻璃筒體中組成水力自驅(qū)旋轉(zhuǎn)式能量回收裝置。在0.6MPa的系統(tǒng)壓力下分別測定系統(tǒng)流量為5.1m3·h-1、5.8m3·h-1、6.5m3·h-1以及7.1m3·h-1時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)速，得出轉(zhuǎn)速隨系統(tǒng)流量、沖擊角度的變化關(guān)系；設(shè)計(jì)并加工了一種帶測速窗的不銹鋼筒體，用其替換有機(jī)玻璃筒體，在高壓下分別測定系統(tǒng)流量為8m3·h-1、9m3·h-1、10m3·h-1和10.7m3·h-1時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)速，得出轉(zhuǎn)速隨流量、壓力、沖擊角度的變化關(guān)系。上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：⑴隨著系統(tǒng)流量的增大，轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速呈增大的趨勢；⑵隨著沖擊角度的變大，轉(zhuǎn)速呈先增大后減小的變化趨勢；⑶隨著壓力的上升，裝置轉(zhuǎn)速會(huì)先增大至最大值，然后逐漸減小直至進(jìn)入一個(gè)不穩(wěn)定區(qū)，最后降為零。裝置在高壓下不能穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的原因?yàn)檗D(zhuǎn)子在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過程中受到的阻力過大，阻力來源可能如下：⑴轉(zhuǎn)芯同軸度的降低；⑵螺旋導(dǎo)流塊上的沉頭螺紋孔引起的渦流；⑶空蝕現(xiàn)象。本文對此進(jìn)行了排除實(shí)驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明阻力可能是由轉(zhuǎn)芯同軸度降低以及空蝕現(xiàn)象引起。 本文對課題組已推導(dǎo)出的特定幾何規(guī)格的水力自驅(qū)旋轉(zhuǎn)式能量回收裝置轉(zhuǎn)速的理論計(jì)算公式進(jìn)行了如下三項(xiàng)修正：⑴將轉(zhuǎn)子所受動(dòng)力矩計(jì)算過程進(jìn)行修正；⑵將轉(zhuǎn)子套筒與轉(zhuǎn)子之間的周面粘性阻力矩的計(jì)算過程進(jìn)行修正；⑶將上下端盤與轉(zhuǎn)子上下端面之間的端面粘性阻力考慮進(jìn)來。利用修正后的理論公式算出四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)流量4.4m3·h-1、5.0m3·h-1、6.0m3·h-1和7.1m3·h-1下的理論轉(zhuǎn)速值，將其與相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)速值進(jìn)行對比發(fā)現(xiàn)理論轉(zhuǎn)速略高于實(shí)驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)速，兩者相對誤差不超過12%，此誤差來自于推導(dǎo)過程中的兩項(xiàng)假設(shè)：⑴3#～5#流體通道所對應(yīng)的沖擊角度相同；⑵忽略了螺旋導(dǎo)流結(jié)構(gòu)與轉(zhuǎn)子之間的端面間隙泄露量。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention to energy conservation, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and energy consumption has been greatly reduced. The reduction of energy consumption largely depends on the full utilization of energy recovery devices. The energy recovery device can be divided into turbine type and positive displacement type. As a positive displacement type energy recovery device, the hydraulic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, good fluid continuity, etc. In recent years, energy recovery devices have become a research hotspot. In this paper, six kinds of helical diversion blocks are designed and machined. The impact angles are 67.8 擄/ 68.5 擄/ 69.9 擄/ 72.5 擄/ 75.1 擄and 77.9 擄/ 77.9 擄respectively. The spiral flow guide block is sequentially fixed on the stainless steel end plate, and then the upper and lower end disks and the rotor are assembled into a rotary core, which, together with other parts, is mounted into the plexiglass cylinder to form a hydraulic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device. Under the system pressure of 0.6MPa, the rotational speed of the system flow rate was measured when the flow rate of the system was 5.8m3 h-1h-1 and that of 7.1m3 h-1 was 5.8m3 h-1h-1. The relationship between the rotational speed and the impact angle of the system flow rate was obtained, and a stainless steel cylinder with a speed measuring window was designed and manufactured, which was used to replace the plexiglass cylinder. The rotational speed of the system was measured at high pressure when the flow rate of the system was 8m3 h-1 / 9m3 / h ~ (-1) and 10.7m3 / h ~ (-1), respectively, and the relationship between the rotational speed and the flow rate, pressure and impact angle was obtained. The experimental results show that the rotor speed increases with the increase of the flow rate of the system, and the rotor speed increases with the increase of the impact angle, and the speed increases first and then decreases with the increase of the pressure. The rotational speed of the device increases to the maximum, then decreases gradually until it enters an unstable region and finally drops to zero. The reason why the device can not run stably at high pressure is that the rotor is subjected to too much resistance in the course of rotation. The source of the resistance may be as follows: 1 the coaxiality of the rotor core reduces the vortex cavitation caused by the screw hole of the countersunk head on the helical guide block. The results show that the resistance may be caused by the decrease of coaxiality and cavitation erosion. In this paper, the theoretical formula of rotational speed of hydrodynamic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device has been deduced by the following three amendments: 1: 1 to correct the calculation process of dynamic moment of rotor; The calculation process of the circumferential viscous resistance moment between the rotor sleeve and the rotor is modified. 3 the end surface viscous resistance between the upper and lower end disks and the rotor upper and lower face is taken into account. By using the modified theoretical formula, the theoretical rotational speed values of four experimental flows, 4.4m3 h-1n 5.0m3 h-1h ~ (-1) and 7.1m3 h ~ (-1), are calculated. It is found that the theoretical rotational speed is slightly higher than the experimental speed. The relative error is no more than 12. This error is derived from the two assumptions in the derivation process that the shock angle corresponding to the flow channel is the same and the leakage between the helical diversion structure and the end surface gap between the rotor is ignored.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P747
本文編號：2140759
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention to energy conservation, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and energy consumption has been greatly reduced. The reduction of energy consumption largely depends on the full utilization of energy recovery devices. The energy recovery device can be divided into turbine type and positive displacement type. As a positive displacement type energy recovery device, the hydraulic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, good fluid continuity, etc. In recent years, energy recovery devices have become a research hotspot. In this paper, six kinds of helical diversion blocks are designed and machined. The impact angles are 67.8 擄/ 68.5 擄/ 69.9 擄/ 72.5 擄/ 75.1 擄and 77.9 擄/ 77.9 擄respectively. The spiral flow guide block is sequentially fixed on the stainless steel end plate, and then the upper and lower end disks and the rotor are assembled into a rotary core, which, together with other parts, is mounted into the plexiglass cylinder to form a hydraulic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device. Under the system pressure of 0.6MPa, the rotational speed of the system flow rate was measured when the flow rate of the system was 5.8m3 h-1h-1 and that of 7.1m3 h-1 was 5.8m3 h-1h-1. The relationship between the rotational speed and the impact angle of the system flow rate was obtained, and a stainless steel cylinder with a speed measuring window was designed and manufactured, which was used to replace the plexiglass cylinder. The rotational speed of the system was measured at high pressure when the flow rate of the system was 8m3 h-1 / 9m3 / h ~ (-1) and 10.7m3 / h ~ (-1), respectively, and the relationship between the rotational speed and the flow rate, pressure and impact angle was obtained. The experimental results show that the rotor speed increases with the increase of the flow rate of the system, and the rotor speed increases with the increase of the impact angle, and the speed increases first and then decreases with the increase of the pressure. The rotational speed of the device increases to the maximum, then decreases gradually until it enters an unstable region and finally drops to zero. The reason why the device can not run stably at high pressure is that the rotor is subjected to too much resistance in the course of rotation. The source of the resistance may be as follows: 1 the coaxiality of the rotor core reduces the vortex cavitation caused by the screw hole of the countersunk head on the helical guide block. The results show that the resistance may be caused by the decrease of coaxiality and cavitation erosion. In this paper, the theoretical formula of rotational speed of hydrodynamic self-displacement rotary energy recovery device has been deduced by the following three amendments: 1: 1 to correct the calculation process of dynamic moment of rotor; The calculation process of the circumferential viscous resistance moment between the rotor sleeve and the rotor is modified. 3 the end surface viscous resistance between the upper and lower end disks and the rotor upper and lower face is taken into account. By using the modified theoretical formula, the theoretical rotational speed values of four experimental flows, 4.4m3 h-1n 5.0m3 h-1h ~ (-1) and 7.1m3 h ~ (-1), are calculated. It is found that the theoretical rotational speed is slightly higher than the experimental speed. The relative error is no more than 12. This error is derived from the two assumptions in the derivation process that the shock angle corresponding to the flow channel is the same and the leakage between the helical diversion structure and the end surface gap between the rotor is ignored.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P747
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 石碧清;全玉蓮;劉湘;;海水淡化膜法預(yù)處理技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀[J];輕工科技;2012年05期
本文編號：2140759
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