本文選題：南極 + 下降風(fēng)��； 參考：《海洋學(xué)報》2016年03期

【摘要】：南極內(nèi)陸地面輻射冷卻產(chǎn)生的近表層冷空氣,沿高原斜坡向下流動而形成下降風(fēng),其分布形態(tài)決定了南極大陸近表層風(fēng)場的主要特征。我國南極中山站全年均受下降風(fēng)的強(qiáng)烈影響。夏季晴天時,中山站的下降風(fēng)一般在傍晚開始出現(xiàn),風(fēng)速在午夜達(dá)到極值,在次日中午之前逐漸減弱,風(fēng)速有顯著的日循環(huán)特征。本文選取南極中山站2010年1月的夏季下降風(fēng)個例,使用常規(guī)地面氣象觀測資料和Polar WRF極地大氣數(shù)值模式進(jìn)行了分析研究。結(jié)果表明:中山站夏季夜間晴天出現(xiàn)偏東向的下降風(fēng)時,近地面風(fēng)速變化趨勢與地面氣溫呈負(fù)相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.91。數(shù)值模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),中山站下降風(fēng)在距地面高度約100~150m之間時風(fēng)速最大,約為15~21m/s。在下降風(fēng)發(fā)生時,近地層大氣存在逆溫現(xiàn)象。下降風(fēng)較強(qiáng)時,近地層逆溫也較強(qiáng),逆溫層厚度約為200~300m,逆溫強(qiáng)度約為4~6℃。在地面摩擦的作用下,中山站近地面下降風(fēng)風(fēng)向為東南,隨著高度的增加,風(fēng)向逆時針偏轉(zhuǎn),最終趨于與地形等高線平行。沒有太陽直接輻射時,南極大陸地區(qū)存在持續(xù)的逆溫層,逆溫層的出現(xiàn)加強(qiáng)了下降風(fēng)氣流,隨著逆溫的增強(qiáng),大風(fēng)區(qū)逐漸西移,且面積不斷增加。在夏季太陽輻射造成的逆溫消失的短暫時間內(nèi),逆溫時產(chǎn)生的下降風(fēng)尚不能完全消失,由此形成了較穩(wěn)定的風(fēng)向空間分布特征。
[Abstract]:The near-surface cold air produced by radiation cooling on the surface of the Antarctic interior flows down the slope of the plateau and forms a descending wind, which determines the main characteristics of the near-surface wind field in the Antarctic continent. China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica is strongly affected by the downwind all year round. When summer is sunny, the downwind at Zhongshan Station usually appears in the evening, the wind speed reaches its maximum at midnight, and gradually weakens before noon of the next day. The wind speed has obvious daily circulation characteristics. In this paper, the case of summer downwind in Zhongshan Station, Antarctica, in January 2010 is selected, and the conventional surface meteorological observation data and Polar WRF polar atmospheric numerical model are used to carry out the analysis and study. The results show that there is a negative correlation between the trend of the near surface wind speed and the surface air temperature, and the correlation coefficient is -0.91when there is eastward downwind on sunny days in summer at Zhongshan Station. The numerical simulation shows that the maximum wind speed is 1521m / s when the descending wind is about 100 ~ 150m above the ground height at Zhongshan Station. When the downwind occurs, there is an inverse temperature phenomenon in the near-ground atmosphere. When the downwind is strong, the inversion temperature in the near layer is also strong, the thickness of the inversion layer is about 200 ~ 300m, and the inversion intensity is about 4 ~ 6 鈩，

本文編號：2115419