本文選題：海洋資源 + 可持續(xù)開發(fā)利用�。� 參考：《渤海大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類文明的不斷進(jìn)步和科技發(fā)展的日新月異,人類對資源的探索已逐漸擴(kuò)大到海洋領(lǐng)域。海洋在地球上占據(jù)的巨大空間和面積是陸地?zé)o法比擬的,其中蘊(yùn)含的漁業(yè)、礦產(chǎn)業(yè)、海洋空間資源、海洋新能源以及旅游業(yè)等資源也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出人們的想象。我國作為海域遼闊的大國,我國自然應(yīng)將開發(fā)利用海洋資源作為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重中之重,但照比世界上的一些海洋強(qiáng)國,我國在海洋資源開發(fā)利用方面仍存在著一些不足,主要體現(xiàn)為海洋資源開發(fā)利用技術(shù)的不成熟與海洋資源保護(hù)政策的不完善。而這些在科技與政策方面的不足,也進(jìn)一步衍生出諸多有礙于我國海洋資源長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的重要問題,如漁業(yè)資源逐年減少,礦產(chǎn)、新能源等資源開發(fā)利用能效低下,海洋空間、旅游資源開發(fā)混亂無序,并因管理不善對海洋環(huán)境造成巨大污染等,這些問題目前已嚴(yán)重影響了我國對海洋資源的開發(fā)利用,并將對我國乃至世界的海洋環(huán)境造成巨大的破壞。因此,如何合理開發(fā)利用海洋資源成為目前我國海洋資源研究面臨的重要問題,亟需深入研究和盡快解決。為促進(jìn)我國海洋資源的可持續(xù)開發(fā)利用,必須借鑒國外各海洋強(qiáng)國的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),諸如美、英、日等國家對其海洋資源開發(fā)利用的先進(jìn)與合理之處,而這些發(fā)達(dá)國家的成功之處主要在于其海洋技術(shù)的先進(jìn)性與海洋資源相關(guān)政策的完善性與合理性。先進(jìn)的海洋資源開發(fā)技術(shù)不但可以更為高效的利用海洋資源,更能大量減少對海洋的環(huán)境污染,實(shí)現(xiàn)對海洋資源的可持續(xù)開發(fā)利用與保護(hù)。完善健全的海洋政策不但可以保證海洋資源開發(fā)活動(dòng)的有序進(jìn)行,為海洋資源開發(fā)利用保駕護(hù)航,更能增強(qiáng)國家對海洋資源開發(fā)利用的重視程度并促進(jìn)國際上在海洋資源開發(fā)利用方面的交流合作,進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)海洋人文與科技等諸多方面的全面發(fā)展。因此,我國要迅速發(fā)展成為海洋強(qiáng)國,一方面,要積極引進(jìn)先進(jìn)的海洋資源開發(fā)利用技術(shù),更加合理高效地開發(fā)利用海洋資源,減少因低效能開發(fā)對海洋環(huán)境造成的污染;另一方面,合理利用海洋資源和健全可持續(xù)發(fā)展政策保障體系,切實(shí)加強(qiáng)對海洋資源開發(fā)利用的政策資金投入,逐漸形成完善有序的監(jiān)督管理體系,確保海洋資源政策立法的權(quán)威性、法律制度的合理性、運(yùn)作執(zhí)行的有序性和監(jiān)督管理的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of human civilization and the rapid development of science and technology, the exploration of human resources has gradually expanded to the marine field. The vast space and area occupied by the sea on the earth is unparalleled by the land. The fishery, mineral industry, marine space resources, new marine energy and tourism resources are also far beyond people's imagination. As a large country with vast sea area, China should naturally take the exploitation and utilization of marine resources as the most important part in promoting economic development. However, compared with some marine powers in the world, there are still some deficiencies in the exploitation and utilization of marine resources in China. It is mainly reflected in the immaturity of marine resources development and utilization technology and the imperfection of marine resources protection policy. And these deficiencies in science, technology and policy have further spawned many important problems that hinder the long-term development of marine resources in China, such as the decrease in fishery resources year by year, the low energy efficiency in the development and utilization of resources such as minerals and new energy resources, and marine space. The development of tourism resources is chaotic and disorderly, which has seriously affected the exploitation and utilization of marine resources in China, and will cause great damage to the marine environment of our country and even the world because of the great pollution to the marine environment caused by poor management. Therefore, how to develop and utilize marine resources rationally has become an important problem in the research of marine resources in China, which needs to be deeply studied and solved as soon as possible. In order to promote the sustainable development and utilization of marine resources in China, it is necessary to learn from the successful experiences of foreign countries, such as the United States, Britain, Japan, and other countries in the development and utilization of their marine resources. The success of these developed countries mainly lies in the advancedness of marine technology and the perfection and rationality of relevant policies on marine resources. Advanced marine resources development technology can not only make more efficient use of marine resources, but also can greatly reduce the environmental pollution to the ocean, and realize the sustainable exploitation and protection of marine resources. A sound ocean policy can not only ensure the orderly development of marine resources, but also protect the development and utilization of marine resources. It can enhance the national attention to the exploitation and utilization of marine resources, promote international exchanges and cooperation in the exploitation and utilization of marine resources, and further realize the all-round development of marine humanities, science and technology and so on. Therefore, our country should develop rapidly into a powerful marine country. On the one hand, we should actively introduce advanced marine resources development and utilization technology, develop and utilize marine resources more reasonably and efficiently, and reduce the pollution to the marine environment caused by low efficiency development. On the other hand, we should make rational use of marine resources and improve the policy guarantee system for sustainable development, strengthen the investment of policy funds in the development and utilization of marine resources, and gradually form a sound and orderly supervision and management system. To ensure the authority of marine resources policy legislation, the rationality of legal system, the order of operation and the effectiveness of supervision and management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P74

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