發(fā)布時間：2018-06-30 09:53

  本文選題：海水淡化 + 電泳技術(shù)��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于受環(huán)境污染的影響,淡水資源的供給問題日趨嚴峻,供給方式的新技術(shù)探索是有效解決問題的重要途徑,尤其是海水淡化的相關(guān)技術(shù)。電泳技術(shù)通過電場的作用對無機離子的分離和富集,從而實現(xiàn)淡化海水的目的。本論文將垂直電場電泳技術(shù)應(yīng)用于模擬海水的淡化(即分離脫鹽)的探索研究,可為海水淡化提供一種新方法。此外,本論文采用該技術(shù)對有機荷電粒子進行分離,即有機廢水(TNT紅水,Trinitrotoluene,2,4,6-三硝基甲苯)中有機污染物的分離,為其處理提供理論依據(jù)。本論文采用實驗室自制的垂直電場電泳裝置,研究模擬海水的脫鹽效果(以氯離子為研究對象)。在初試階段,以電導(dǎo)率為研究對象,證實了該技術(shù)應(yīng)用于海水淡化脫鹽的可行性。在后續(xù)階段,以氯離子為研究對象,具體考察氯離子初始濃度、停留時間和電壓對海水淡化脫鹽效果(如脫鹽率、能量效率和分布比率)的影響。電泳裝置出水口分為四個區(qū)域,中間區(qū)代表模擬海水淡化的目標收集區(qū)。模擬海水的脫鹽實驗結(jié)果表明,隨著入水口處的氯離子初始濃度的增加,電泳裝置出水口的中間區(qū)的脫鹽率降低,能量效率逐漸升高,中間區(qū)、負極區(qū)和兩極鄰近區(qū)的分布比率增大,而正極區(qū)的分布比率減小。隨著停留時間的增加,中間區(qū)脫鹽率明顯升高,高達69.5%,能量效率逐漸降低,中間區(qū)和負極區(qū)的分布比率減小,其它兩區(qū)分布比率增加。隨著電壓升高,中間區(qū)的脫鹽率逐漸升高,僅高達13.9%,能量效率逐漸降低,正極區(qū)的分布比率逐漸增大,而另外兩區(qū)的分布比率逐漸減小,中間區(qū)分布比率呈先上升后降低趨勢。由于有機廢水(TNT紅水)中有機物的復(fù)雜性,本論文以2,4-二氨基甲苯進行模擬實驗,研究其在電泳裝置中的分布。進一步考察了還原TNT紅水的最佳條件,并在最佳條件下還原TNT紅水,經(jīng)吸附-洗脫后進入電泳裝置中處理,考察苯胺類化合物的濃度和COD分布。模擬實驗階段,中間區(qū)的2,4-二氨基甲苯脫除率不高,對有機荷電粒子的分離和富集效果不理想。實際廢水處理階段,研究了還原反應(yīng)的最優(yōu)條件,還原后的廢水經(jīng)吸附-洗脫,稀釋3倍并調(diào)酸后得到電泳處理前的廢水(pH=1.9、苯胺類濃度8.8 mg/L、COD值137.9 mg/L)。經(jīng)過電泳處理后,負極區(qū)苯胺類化合物濃度和COD明顯低于初始濃度(負極區(qū)苯胺類化合物濃度低于1.0 mg/L(除B4),COD值低于10.0mg/L(除D4)。出現(xiàn)偏離現(xiàn)象可歸因于二氨基一磺酸基甲苯帶雙極性基團。同時,苯胺類化合物、COD和顏色在負極區(qū)得到有效脫除。
[Abstract]:Due to the influence of environmental pollution, the supply of fresh water resources is becoming more and more serious. The exploration of new technology of supply mode is an important way to solve the problem effectively, especially the related technology of seawater desalination. Electrophoretic technology can separate and enrich inorganic ions by the action of electric field, so as to achieve the purpose of desalination of seawater. In this paper, vertical electric field electrophoretic technique is applied to the study of desalination of simulated seawater, which can provide a new method for desalination of seawater. In addition, this technology is used to separate organic charged particles, that is, the separation of organic pollutants from organic wastewater (TNT red water trinitrotoluene 2o 4N 6- trinitrotene), which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of organic charged particles. In this paper, a vertical electric field electrophoretic apparatus made in laboratory was used to study the desalination effect of simulated seawater (chloride ion as the object of study). In the initial stage, the feasibility of applying this technology to desalination of seawater was confirmed by taking conductivity as the research object. In the following stage, the effects of initial concentration, residence time and voltage of chloride ion on desalination efficiency (such as desalination rate, energy efficiency and distribution ratio) of seawater desalination were investigated. The outlet of electrophoretic equipment is divided into four regions, the middle area represents the target collection area of simulated desalination. The experimental results of desalination in simulated seawater show that with the increase of the initial concentration of chloride ions at the inlet, the desalinization rate of the middle zone of the outlet of the electrophoresis unit decreases, the energy efficiency increases gradually, and the intermediate zone increases. The distribution ratio of the negative region and the adjacent region of the two poles increases, while the distribution ratio of the positive region decreases. With the increase of residence time, the desalinization rate of the middle zone increases obviously, reaching 69.5%. The energy efficiency decreases gradually, the distribution ratio of the middle region and the negative region decreases, and the distribution ratio of the other two regions increases. With the increase of voltage, the desalinization rate of the middle zone increases gradually, only up to 13.9.The energy efficiency decreases gradually, the distribution ratio of the positive region increases gradually, and the distribution ratio of the other two regions decreases gradually. The distribution ratio of the middle zone increases first and then decreases. Due to the complexity of organics in organic wastewater (TNT red water), the distribution of organic compounds in electrophoretic apparatus was studied by using 2C4- diaminotoluene. The optimum conditions of reducing TNT red water were further investigated, and the TNT red water was reduced under the optimum conditions. The aniline concentration and COD distribution were investigated after adsorption-elution and then entered into the electrophoretic apparatus. In the simulation experiment stage, the removal rate of 2o _ 4-diaminotoluene in the middle region is not high, and the separation and enrichment of organic charged particles is not satisfactory. In the actual wastewater treatment stage, the optimal conditions of the reduction reaction were studied. The wastewater after reduction was adsorbed and eluted, then diluted 3 times and adjusted the acid to get the wastewater before electrophoretic treatment (pH = 1.9, aniline concentration 8.8 mg / L COD = 137.9 mg / L). After electrophoretic treatment, the concentration and COD of aniline compounds in the negative electrode region were significantly lower than those in the initial concentration (the concentration of aniline compounds in the negative polar region was lower than 1.0 mg / L (except B4) and the COD value was lower than 10.0 mg / L (except D4). The deviation can be attributed to the bipolarity of toluene with diamino-sulfonic acid group. At the same time, the aniline compounds COD and color can be effectively removed in the negative electrode region.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P747.3

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 田濤;辛寶平;李玉平;牟敬海;焦宏春;;火炸藥廢水處理技術(shù)綜述[J];安全與環(huán)境學報;2007年05期

2 竺安;劉進平;;毛細管區(qū)帶電泳中的電滲效應(yīng)[J];分析化學;1988年01期

3 李紅旗,沈忠耀;高效毛細管電泳中的電滲研究[J];高等學�；瘜W學報;1993年11期

4 高從X&;;反滲透膜分離技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新性進展[J];膜科學與技術(shù);2006年06期

5 朱世妮;徐穎;葉正芳;;活性焦和活性炭負載納米鐵處理TNT紅水中的二硝基甲苯磺酸鈉[J];環(huán)境工程學報;2012年10期

6 孫育文;周軍;;低溫多效蒸餾法海水淡化技術(shù)的應(yīng)用[J];華電技術(shù);2009年07期

，

本文編號：2085884