本文選題：北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū) + DMS��； 參考：《國家海洋局第一海洋研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：二甲基硫(DMS)是海洋中最重要的揮發(fā)性生源硫化物,DMS進(jìn)入大氣后的氧化產(chǎn)物對全球氣候變化和酸雨的形成具有重要影響。二甲基巰基丙酸內(nèi)鹽(DMSP)作為DMS的前體物質(zhì),其生物地球化學(xué)過程影響著海水中DMS的濃度。生物生產(chǎn)和消耗是海洋中DMS和DMSP的主要來源和去除途徑,決定表層海水中DMS的濃度及其�！�?dú)馔�。研究海水中DMS和DMSP的空間分布及其影響因素,了解海水中DMS的生物生產(chǎn)和消耗速率,有助于評價海洋生源硫?qū)Υ髿饬蚧锏呢暙I(xiàn)率,加深海洋生源硫?qū)θ驓夂蚝铜h(huán)境影響的認(rèn)識。兩極地區(qū)變化對全球氣候變化具有指示和調(diào)控作用。本論文基于2014年7—8月對北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū)的現(xiàn)場調(diào)查研究,系統(tǒng)研究了DMS/DMSP分布特征及其影響因素,并考察了DMS的生物生產(chǎn)和消耗速率及�！�?dú)鈹U(kuò)散通量,探討了表層海水中DMS去除的主要途徑。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū)海水DMS和DMSP的分布特征為:表層海水DMS含量以白令海最高(10.3±8.0 nmol/L),楚科奇海次之(6.3±5.8nmol/L),北冰洋最低(1.4±1.0 nmol/L);DMSPd(溶解態(tài))、DMSPp(顆粒態(tài))含量從高到低依次為白令海、楚科奇海和北冰洋。水溫、鹽度影響DMS和DMSP的含量和分布。在水溫2-7oC海域,高溫有利于DMS的釋放,低溫有助于DMSP的合成;白令海北部低鹽度時有利于DMSP的釋放,而在白令海和楚科奇海高鹽度有助于DMSP的合成。DMS和DMSPd的分布與葉綠素a(Chl-a)無明顯相關(guān)關(guān)系,DMSPp含量受Chl-a濃度的調(diào)控。2、北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū)表層海水DMS生物生產(chǎn)和消耗速率大小依次為:白令海楚科奇海北冰洋。DMSPd在白令海相對DMSPp對DMS的生物生產(chǎn)和消耗速率的控制程度更大;而在楚科奇海和北冰洋,DMSPp相對DMSPd對DMS的生物生產(chǎn)和消耗速率的控制程度更大,說明北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū)不同海域DMS的產(chǎn)生途徑并不相同。3、白令海表層海水DMS的微生物消耗的生物周轉(zhuǎn)時間(0.29±0.34 d)與楚科奇海和北冰洋(0.27±0.12 d)大致相當(dāng);表層海水DMS的海—?dú)庵苻D(zhuǎn)時間從快到慢依次為白令海(1.83±0.82 d)、楚科奇海(2.29±1.36 d)、北冰洋(5.31±4.79d);白令海和楚科奇海DMS�！�?dú)馔考s為23μmol/(m2·d),是北冰洋的10多倍。調(diào)查海域表層海水微生物消耗周轉(zhuǎn)時間比DMS�！�?dú)庵苻D(zhuǎn)時間快約20倍,微生物降解相對海—?dú)庵苻D(zhuǎn)是表層海水DMS的主要去除途徑。4、與2012年7—8月第五次北極考察結(jié)果相比,本次調(diào)查北冰洋太平洋扇區(qū)海水中DMS、DMSP的含量以及DMS海—?dú)馔烤蠓吡藬?shù)倍,楚科奇海DMS高值區(qū)范圍擴(kuò)大且濃度升高,這可能是調(diào)查海域水溫大幅升高所致。
[Abstract]:Dimethyl sulfur (DMS) is one of the most important volatile sulfur compounds in the ocean. The oxidation products of DMS after entering the atmosphere play an important role in global climate change and the formation of acid rain. As the precursor of DMS, the biogeochemical process of DMSP affects the concentration of DMS in seawater. Biological production and consumption are the main sources and removal routes of DMS and DMSP in the ocean, which determine the concentration and air-sea flux of DMS in surface seawater. To study the spatial distribution of DMS and DMSP in seawater and their influencing factors, to understand the biological production and consumption rate of DMS in seawater, and to evaluate the contribution of marine living sulfur to atmospheric sulfides, To deepen the understanding of the impacts of marine sulfur on global climate and environment. The two-pole region change has the indication and the control function to the global climate change. Based on the field investigation of the Arctic Pacific sector in July-August 2014, the distribution characteristics of DMS / DMSP and its influencing factors were systematically studied, and the biological production and consumption rate and air-sea diffusion flux of DMS were investigated. The main ways to remove DMS from surface seawater were discussed. The main results are as follows: (1) the distribution characteristics of DMS and DMSP in the Arctic Pacific sector are as follows: the highest DMS content in the surface water (10.3 鹵8.0 nmol / L) in the Bering Sea, followed by the Chukchi Sea (6.3 鹵5.8 nmol / L), and the lowest (1.4 鹵1.0 nmol / L) DMSPd (dissolved) DMSPP (granular state) content in the Arctic Ocean. To the lowest is the Bering Sea, The Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean. Water temperature and salinity affect the content and distribution of DMS and DMSP. In the water temperature of 2-7oC, the high temperature is favorable to the release of DMS, the low temperature is helpful to the synthesis of DMSP, and the low salinity in the northern Bering Sea is favorable to the release of DMSP. However, high salinity in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea contributes to the synthesis of DMSP. DMS and DMSPd distribution have no significant correlation with chlorophyll a (Chl-a). The concentration of DMSPp is regulated by Chl-a concentration. The order of the rate is as follows: the biological production and consumption rate of DMS is more controlled by the Arctic Ocean. DMSPd than DMSPp in Bering Sea compared with DMSPP; In the Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean, DMSPp has greater control over the biological production and consumption rate of DMS than DMSPd. The results show that the pathway of DMS production in different sea areas of the Arctic Pacific sector is different. The microbial turnover time (0.29 鹵0.34 d) of DMS in the Bering Sea is about the same as that in the Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean (0.27 鹵0.12 d), and the biological turnover time (0.29 鹵0.34 d) is similar to that in the Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean (0.27 鹵0.12 d). The sea gas turnover time of surface water is Bering Sea (1.83 鹵0.82 d),) Chukchi Sea (2.29 鹵1.36 d), Arctic Ocean (5.31 鹵4.79 d) and Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea (23 渭 mol/) (m2 d), is more than 10 times of Arctic Ocean). The turnover time of microbial consumption in surface seawater is about 20 times faster than that of DMS, and microbial degradation relative to sea gas turnover is the main removal pathway of surface water DMS, compared with the fifth Arctic survey in July-August, 2012. The contents of DMSN DMSP and the sea-air flux of DMS in the Arctic Pacific sector have been increased several times. The range and concentration of DMS in Chukchi Sea have been expanded. This may be due to the increase of water temperature in the investigated sea area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P734

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本文編號：2062060