本文選題：海岸沙丘 + 探地雷達(dá)��； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：福建東南沿海是我國海岸沙丘的主要分布區(qū)之一。本文以福建漳浦古雷半島、六鰲半島龍美、赤湖等地的海岸沙丘為研究對象,在野外剖面露頭觀測的基礎(chǔ)上,采用探地雷達(dá)(GPR)對上述三個地點(diǎn)的海岸沙丘進(jìn)行探測,分析了海岸沙丘沉積構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)；對典型海岸沙丘剖面進(jìn)行粒度采樣,通過粒度組成、頻率曲線和概率累積曲線、粒度參數(shù)分析,研究了海岸沙丘的粒度特征。在此基礎(chǔ)上,綜合分析研究區(qū)海岸沙丘的沉積構(gòu)造和粒度特征,并對比前人研究成果,探討研究區(qū)海岸沙丘的沉積相與沉積環(huán)境。本文得到以下初步認(rèn)識：(1)運(yùn)用探地雷達(dá)(GPR)探測海岸沙丘沉積構(gòu)造結(jié)果表明,赤湖(CH)海岸沙丘以不連續(xù)的水平或亞水平層理為主,顯示了低緩起伏的海岸橫向沙壟或海岸沙席沉積構(gòu)造特征。此外,在與盛行東北(NE)風(fēng)垂直的雷達(dá)剖面上存在一個明顯的寬度達(dá)15m以上的槽狀界面,表明風(fēng)沙沉積過程中曾遭受侵蝕作用；接近地面的雷達(dá)波較混亂,可能是受到植物根系或人類活動擾動產(chǎn)生的。龍美(LM)海岸沙丘,在平行于盛行東北(NE)風(fēng)的剖面上主要發(fā)育向下風(fēng)向傾斜的小角度傾斜層理,而垂直于盛行風(fēng)方向的剖面為明顯的連續(xù)水平層理,也存在楔形交錯層理,顯示了拋物線沙丘的沉積構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)。同時,反映了研究區(qū)主要以NE方向的風(fēng)力作用為主,偶爾出現(xiàn)較弱的SW向風(fēng)力交替的情況；古雷(GL)海岸沙丘以中等連續(xù)／不連續(xù)的水平/亞水平層理為主,在平行于盛行東北(NE)風(fēng)方向的靠陸一側(cè)發(fā)育向SW方向傾斜的前積層,顯示拋物線沙丘和橫向沙壟的沉積構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)。通過對研究區(qū)三個海岸沙丘探地雷達(dá)圖像的解譯,可以歸納為5種沙丘沉積構(gòu)造的雷達(dá)相。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),不同沙丘類型或同一沙丘類型的不同部位,沉積構(gòu)造雷達(dá)相存在一定差異。(2)研究區(qū)海岸沙丘粒度分析結(jié)果表明,相較于中國溫帶和華南其他地區(qū)的海岸沙丘,福建漳浦海岸沙丘的粒度組成明顯偏粗,分選性偏差、較多負(fù)偏態(tài)、峰態(tài)中等。沿著研究區(qū)盛行的東北(NE)風(fēng)方向,三個地點(diǎn)海岸沙丘的粒度逐漸變粗,即CHLMGL。在剖面垂直方向上,三個海岸沙丘自下而上,沙丘砂的平均粒徑都有逐漸變細(xì)的趨勢。綜合頻率曲線、概率累積曲線和C-M圖分析,大部分海岸沙丘下部以波浪作用和風(fēng)暴潮沉積為主,搬運(yùn)動力較強(qiáng)；上部則以風(fēng)力作用為主,搬運(yùn)動力有所減弱。(3)綜合海岸沙丘沉積構(gòu)造和粒度特征反映的沉積環(huán)境：赤湖(CH)海岸沙丘屬于濱海沙席或形態(tài)和緩的橫向沙丘,其物源以海灘砂為主；龍美(LM)海岸沙丘和古雷(GL)海岸沙丘,是分別位于六鰲半島和古雷半島連島沙壩上的拋物線沙丘和橫向沙壟,濱海植物在這兩個地點(diǎn)的海岸沙丘發(fā)育中具有重要作用。LM海岸沙丘和GL海岸沙丘的物源主要有兩種,一是來自連島沙壩上粗砂物質(zhì)的近源沉積,組成顆粒較粗的組分,且主要分布在沙丘下部；二是臺風(fēng)或風(fēng)暴潮向陸搬運(yùn)沉積下來的海灘砂,主要分布在沙丘上部。(4)在粒度分析方法方面,針對研究區(qū)海岸沙丘粒度組成較粗的實(shí)際,本文采用了篩分法和激光衍射法進(jìn)行粒度分析對比。結(jié)果表明,由于篩分法和激光衍射法的測試原理不同,得到的結(jié)果也存在一定差異,但粒度組成的總體分布趨勢一致；概率累積曲線顯示,篩分法和激光衍射法對中等顆粒測試結(jié)果的一致性最好；在沉積物粒度測試中,篩分法比較適合粗顆粒沉積物粒徑的測量,而激光衍射法則更適用于細(xì)顆粒沉積物的粒度分析。
[Abstract]:The southeast coast of Fujian is one of the main distribution areas of the coastal dunes in China. In this paper, the coastal sand dunes in Zhangpu Gure Peninsula, the six top Peninsula, the dragon and the US and the Chek lake are studied. On the basis of the outcrop observation in the field, the ground penetrating radar (GPR) is used to detect the coastal dunes of the above three ground points and to analyze the deposition of the coastal dunes. The grain size of typical coastal dunes is sampled, the granularity characteristics of coastal dunes are studied through grain size composition, frequency curve and probability accumulation curve and grain size parameter analysis. On this basis, the sedimentary structure and grain size characteristics of coastal dunes in the study area are synthetically analyzed, and the study area coast is compared with the previous research results. The sedimentary facies and sedimentary environment of sand dunes. This paper obtains the following preliminary understanding: (1) using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to detect the sedimentary structure of coastal dunes shows that the sandy dunes in Chek Lake (CH) coastal dunes are dominated by discontinuous horizontal or subhorizontal bedding, showing low undulating coastal horizontal sand ridges or coastal sand mat depositional structures. In addition, it is in vogue. The vertical radar profile of the Northeast (NE) has a significant trough - like interface over the width of more than 15m, indicating that the wind sand deposits have been eroded during the sediment deposition; the radar waves near the ground are more chaotic and may be caused by plant roots or disturbance of human activity. The LM coast dunes are parallel to the prevailing northeastern (NE) wind profiles. There is a small angle inclined bedding in which the downward wind direction is mainly developed, while the section perpendicular to the direction of the wind is a clear continuous horizontal bedding, and there is a wedge cross bedding. It shows the characteristics of the sedimentary structure of the parabolic sand dunes. At the same time, it is reflected that the main wind force in the NE direction is mainly in the study area, and the weak SW to the wind direction occasionally occurs. The Gure (GL) coastal dunes are dominated by a medium continuous / discontinuous horizontal / subhorizontal bedding, which develops into the front of the SW direction in the leaning side parallel to the prevailing Northeast (NE) wind direction, showing the sedimentary structure of the parabolic dunes and lateral ridges. Through the GPR images of three coastal dunes in the study area The interpretation can be summed up as the radar facies of 5 kinds of sand dune sedimentary structures. It is found that there are certain differences in the sedimentary structure radar phase of different sand dune types or the same sand dune types. (2) the result of the grain size analysis of the coastal dunes in the study area shows that compared to the coastal dunes in the temperate zone of China and the other areas of Southern China, the sand dunes in the Zhangpu coast of Fujian. In the direction of the Northeast (NE) wind, the grain size of the coastal sand dunes in the three locations gradually becomes coarser along the direction of the Northeast (NE) wind in the study area. That is, the CHLMGL. is in the vertical direction of the section, and the average grain size of the sand dunes is gradually thinning, and the average particle size of the sand dunes is gradually thinning. The comprehensive frequency curve is the trend of the grain size of the sand dunes. The probability accumulation curve and C-M map analysis show that most of the coastal dunes are dominated by wave action and storm tide deposit, and the moving power is stronger. The upper part is mainly wind force, and the moving power is weakened. (3) the sedimentary structure and grain size characteristics of the comprehensive coastal dunes are reflected by the sedimentary structure and grain size characteristics of the coastal dunes: the CH beach dunes belong to the seashore mat or form. A gentle horizontal sand dune is the main source of beach sand; LM coast sand dunes and Gure (GL) beach dunes are parabolic dunes and lateral ridges on the six top Peninsula and Gure Peninsula, respectively. The coastal dunes play an important role in the coastal dunes and the GL coastal dunes in the development of the coastal dunes in these two locations. There are two main sources, one is the near source deposit of coarse sand material from the sand dam on the island of Lian Island, which is composed of coarser components and mainly distributed in the lower part of the sand dunes. Two is the beach sand deposited by typhoon or storm tide, mainly in the upper sand dunes. (4) the particle size composition of the coastal dunes in the study area is in the size segregation method. The size analysis and comparison between the screening method and the laser diffraction method are used in this paper. The results show that the results of the screening method and the laser diffraction method are different, but the overall distribution trend of the particle size is the same, the probability accumulation curve shows that the sieving method and the laser diffraction method are of medium size. The consistency of the grain test results is the best. In the grain size test, the sieving method is suitable for the measurement of the particle size of the coarse grain sediments, and the laser diffraction rule is more suitable for the particle size analysis of the fine grain sediments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P737.1

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