本文選題：流場 + N-S方程��； 參考：《大連海洋大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：海洋牧場是指在某一海域內(nèi),采用一整套規(guī)�；臐O業(yè)設(shè)施和系統(tǒng)化的管理體制,利用自然的海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境,將人工放流的經(jīng)濟(jì)海洋生物聚集起來,進(jìn)行有計劃有目的的海上放養(yǎng)魚蝦貝類的大型人工漁場。其目的在于提高某些經(jīng)濟(jì)品種的產(chǎn)量或整個海域的魚類產(chǎn)量,以確保水產(chǎn)資源穩(wěn)定和持續(xù)的增長;以及利用海洋資源的同時重點(diǎn)保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)生態(tài)漁業(yè)。本文通過對大長山島海域海流的觀測數(shù)據(jù),并采集該地區(qū)的7個采樣點(diǎn)的營養(yǎng)鹽及漁獲物數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行分析。主要獲得以下結(jié)論:1.研究不可壓縮的粘性流體時,使用N-S方程體定性的描述了流場。使用菲克第二定律將研究區(qū)域內(nèi)的營養(yǎng)鹽作為擴(kuò)散研究物質(zhì),定性解答。并描述了該海域中構(gòu)成濃度梯度的營養(yǎng)鹽在非穩(wěn)態(tài)流體中,需要將流體的流速流向和營養(yǎng)鹽的濃度大小、濃度梯度方向?qū)⒈辉谝黄鹁C合考慮分析。2.通過對流場的作圖分析,從0.5 m、2.5 m、4.5 m水層流場玫瑰圖和Excel雷達(dá)圖得到東南向流為主流向;從0.5 m水層流向與2.5 m水層流向分析,該海域符合Ekman漂流理論,北半球流向逐漸偏向流向的右側(cè),俯視方向呈順時針偏轉(zhuǎn)。3.在不考慮其他外界條件,并假定無邊界開闊水域中海水流動方向單一的情況下,營養(yǎng)鹽運(yùn)輸?shù)乃俣仁噶渴瞧鋽U(kuò)散速度矢量與海流速度矢量的運(yùn)算結(jié)果。并且在實際的海域中,岸邊的阻攔效果、海水深淺梯度改變、營養(yǎng)鹽濃度時刻的改變致使擴(kuò)散梯度的變化等,都會使?fàn)I養(yǎng)鹽的運(yùn)輸速度矢量發(fā)生變化。4.大長山海域的水體從總氮、總磷兩種營養(yǎng)鹽的含量變化上看,已受到輕度污染,主要污染物為無機(jī)氮、磷酸鹽等,但污染情況得到好轉(zhuǎn);水體富營養(yǎng)化趨勢不明顯,總體處于貧營養(yǎng)水平,有機(jī)污染水平較低。5.營養(yǎng)鹽會促使浮游生物繁殖,但是某一個區(qū)域的浮游生物的數(shù)量多少,除了該區(qū)域營養(yǎng)鹽的含量多少外,還有海流會迫使浮游生物運(yùn)動至此增多或離開減少。6.生物多樣性評價結(jié)果為大長山調(diào)查海域的漁獲物物種由此前的27種上升到36種,逐漸越來越多的物種棲息說明該海域生息場恢復(fù)較好。后續(xù)生物多樣性指數(shù)H’高于以往調(diào)查結(jié)果,生物多樣性指數(shù)升高趨勢。均勻度指數(shù)J’降低,凸顯了大長山海域常年漁獲物有優(yōu)勢種3種,分別為大瀧六線魚(Hexagrammos otakii)、許氏平?jīng)?Gymnocor ymbus ternetzi)、日本鱘(Charybdis japonica),而其他物種相對比這三個物種,競爭力較小。物種豐度指數(shù)D’增加,物種種類上升到36種。結(jié)果表明海流將營養(yǎng)鹽帶入這片海域,使這片海域中的生物得到恢復(fù),持續(xù)生息繁衍,物種增加,在該項目研究中得到了一個非常滿意的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Ocean rangeland refers to the use of a set of large-scale fisheries facilities and a systematic management system in a certain sea area, and the use of the natural marine ecological environment to gather artificially released economic marine life. A large artificial fishing ground for purposeful marine stocking of shellfish and shellfish. The aim is to increase the yield of certain economic species or fish in the whole sea area in order to ensure the stable and sustained growth of aquatic resources, and to utilize marine resources while focusing on the protection of marine ecosystem and to achieve sustainable ecological fisheries. In this paper, the data of the ocean current in the Great Changshan Island and the nutrient and catch data of 7 sampling sites in this area are collected and analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. In the study of incompressible viscous fluid, the flow field is described qualitatively by using N-S equation. Using Fick's second law, the nutrient in the study area is used as diffusion research material, qualitative solution. It is also described that in the unsteady fluid, the flow direction of the fluid and the concentration of the nutrient should be considered in the direction of the concentration gradient. Based on the analysis of the convection field, the main flow direction of the southeasterly current is obtained from the rose chart of the flow field in the water layer of 0.5 m ~ (2.5 m) and the Excel radar chart, and the flow direction is analyzed from the flow direction of the water layer of 0.5 m and 2.5 m, which accords with the Ekman drift theory. The direction of the Northern Hemisphere gradually deviates to the right of the direction, and the direction of the overlooking direction is clockwise deflected. 3. The velocity vector of nutrient transport is the result of calculation of diffusion velocity vector and current velocity vector without considering other external conditions and assuming that the flow direction of seawater in boundless open water is single. And in the actual sea area, the blocking effect of the shore, the change of the depth and shallow gradient of seawater, the change of the diffusion gradient caused by the change of the nutrient concentration time, etc., all these will make the transport velocity vector of the nutrient salt change .4. In the waters of Dachang Mountain, the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus have been slightly polluted, the main pollutants are inorganic nitrogen and phosphate, but the pollution has improved, and the eutrophication trend of the water is not obvious. Overall is in poor nutrition level, organic pollution level is low. Nutrients promote plankton reproduction, but what is the amount of plankton in a given area, and in addition to the amount of nutrients in that area, there are currents that force plankton movement to increase or leave the decline. The results of biodiversity assessment showed that the catch species increased from 27 species to 36 species in the survey area of Dachang Mountain, and a growing number of species habitat indicated that the interest field in the area recovered better. The subsequent biodiversity index (H') is higher than the previous survey results, and the biodiversity index is increasing. The decrease of the evenness index (J') shows that there are three dominant species in the sea area of Dachang Mountain, Hexagrammos otakii, Gymnocor ymbus ternetzii and Charybdis japonica.Compared with other species, the three species are less competitive. Species abundance index (D') increased and species increased to 36 species. The results show that the current brings nutrients into the sea area, which can restore, reproduce and increase the species in the sea area. A very satisfactory result has been obtained in this project.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：Q178;P734

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