本文選題：海面溢油 + 漂移擴散　； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著對海洋資源的不斷開發(fā)和利用,海洋中的溢油事故也在頻繁地發(fā)生著,嚴(yán)重影響了海洋中的生態(tài)和環(huán)境,破壞了社會資源和經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,所以針對海洋溢油事故的預(yù)測和防治工作就顯的特別重要。 本文簡要介紹了海上溢油污染事故的現(xiàn)狀和危害,對海面石油從溢油點泄露開始經(jīng)過自身擴散、漂移、分散以及復(fù)雜的風(fēng)化等一系列變化直至消失的過程做了詳細(xì)的綜述。針對現(xiàn)如今頻發(fā)的海洋溢油事故,本文在研究總結(jié)國內(nèi)外海洋溢油數(shù)學(xué)模型的基本理論和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,對溢油的移流擴散基本控制方程做了系統(tǒng)的推導(dǎo),并結(jié)合對流擴散模式和油粒子模式等理論模型方法,建立起一個海洋溢油的擴散漂移運動數(shù)學(xué)模型,用以對海洋溢油的運動軌跡進行預(yù)測,為后續(xù)的事故應(yīng)急決策提供有力的依據(jù)。文章同時根據(jù)所建立的溢油漂移預(yù)測模型,使用C#編寫了相應(yīng)的溢油漂移軌跡的計算程序,用以對不同風(fēng)向和風(fēng)力下的油膜漂移情況進行計算分析,得到不同條件下油膜的擴散半徑、污染面積等數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果。并利用以上所述的基本原理和方法,設(shè)定溢油的風(fēng)場和水流環(huán)境,得到擴散和漂移的軌跡,令油膜的漂移過程更清楚直觀地表現(xiàn)出來,讓人一目了然。 建立正確的海洋溢油運動模型,模擬預(yù)測溢油事故后的一系列變化過程,能夠更好地幫助人們對區(qū)域海面的溢油情況進行準(zhǔn)確實時的監(jiān)測,更及時有效地制定突發(fā)性溢油事故處理的預(yù)案,做好預(yù)防和應(yīng)急的工作,并盡可能減少因溢油事故所造成的損失。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploitation and utilization of marine resources, oil spills in the ocean occur frequently, which seriously affect the ecology and environment of the ocean and destroy the sustainable development of social resources and economy. Therefore, the prediction and prevention of marine oil spill accidents is particularly important. This paper briefly introduces the present situation and harm of oil spill accidents at sea, and summarizes in detail a series of changes, such as self-diffusion, drift, dispersion and complex weathering, from oil spills to disappearing. In view of the frequent marine oil spill accidents nowadays, the basic theory and development status of marine oil spill mathematical models at home and abroad are studied and summarized in this paper, and the basic governing equations of oil spill migration and diffusion are systematically deduced. Combined with convection diffusion model and oil particle model, a mathematical model of ocean oil spill diffusion drift motion is established, which can be used to predict the motion trajectory of ocean oil spill. To provide a strong basis for the subsequent emergency decision. At the same time, according to the established prediction model of oil spill drift, the corresponding calculation program of oil spill drift trajectory is compiled with C #, which can be used to calculate and analyze the oil film drift under different wind direction and wind force. The results of diffusion radius and contamination area of oil film under different conditions were obtained. By using the basic principles and methods described above, the wind field and flow environment of oil spill are set, and the trajectory of diffusion and drift is obtained, which makes the process of oil film drift more clearly and intuitively. Establishing a correct ocean oil spill motion model and simulating and predicting a series of change processes after oil spill accident can help people to monitor the oil spill situation on the sea surface accurately and in real time. More timely and effective preparation plan for the treatment of sudden oil spill accidents, prevention and emergency work, and as far as possible to reduce the losses caused by oil spill accidents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X55

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