本文選題：降解動(dòng)力學(xué) + 生物可利用性�。� 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)》2017年07期

【摘要】：針對(duì)因不同陸源耗氧有機(jī)物組成和生物可利用性的差異,單一表觀降解模式難以滿足近海水環(huán)境管理中對(duì)耗氧有機(jī)物濃度準(zhǔn)確模擬計(jì)算的問(wèn)題,選擇山東省近海典型陸源污染來(lái)源,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室受控培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn),研究不同來(lái)源耗氧有機(jī)物(以COD表征)的生物可利用性及其降解動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律。結(jié)果顯示,耗氧有機(jī)物的降解基本符合準(zhǔn)一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律,即先快后慢最后趨于穩(wěn)定的降解規(guī)律,且不同陸源耗氧有機(jī)物降解速率常數(shù)及生物可利用性存在顯著差異(P0.01)。其中,紡織印染廠來(lái)源耗氧有機(jī)物的生物可利用性最大,約為92%,其次為污水處理廠和小清河來(lái)源,而虞河和啤酒廠來(lái)源最小;啤酒廠來(lái)源耗氧有機(jī)物降解速率常數(shù)最高,約為0.40d~(-1),其次為污水處理廠來(lái)源,而小清河、虞河以及印染廠來(lái)源最低。根據(jù)降解速率常數(shù)的不同,可以將不同來(lái)源的耗氧有機(jī)物分為四類:食品工業(yè)源(啤酒廠)生物可利用組分,城鎮(zhèn)生活源(污水處理廠)生物可利用組分,河流綜合源(小清河、虞河和印染廠)生物可利用組分以及難降解組分。污水處理廠來(lái)源耗氧有機(jī)物培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,耗氧有機(jī)物的降解速率常數(shù)隨溫度的升高及攪拌速率的增強(qiáng)而增大,生物可利用性則隨水動(dòng)力條件的增強(qiáng)而增大。本文研究結(jié)果可為提高水環(huán)境管理中水質(zhì)模擬計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確性提供實(shí)驗(yàn)支持。
[Abstract]:In view of the differences in composition and bioavailability of oxygen consuming organic compounds from different terrestrial sources, a single apparent degradation model is difficult to satisfy the problem of accurate simulation and calculation of the concentration of oxygen consuming organic compounds in coastal water environment management. The bioavailability and degradation kinetics of different sources of oxygen-consuming organic compounds (characterized by COD) were studied by means of controlled culture experiments in Shandong Province, which were selected from typical land-based pollution sources off the coast of Shandong Province. The results showed that the degradation of oxygen consuming organic matter basically accords with the quasi-first-order kinetic law, that is, the degradation law of fast first, then slow and then stable, and the degradation rate constant and bioavailability of different terrestrial organic compounds are significantly different (P 0.01). Among them, the bioavailability of oxygen consuming organic compounds from textile printing and dyeing factories was the largest (about 922), followed by sewage treatment plants and Xiaoqing River sources, while the sources of Yuhe and breweries were the least, and the degradation rate constants of oxygen consuming organic compounds from breweries were the highest. It was about 0.40 d ~ (-1), followed by wastewater treatment plant, while Xiaoqing River, Yuhe and printing and dyeing plants were the lowest. According to the degradation rate constant, different sources of organic oxygen consumption can be divided into four categories: food industry sources (breweries) bioavailable components, urban sources (sewage treatment plants) bioavailable components, River integrated sources (Xiaoqing River, Yuhe and dyeing plants) can be used by biological components as well as refractory components. The results showed that the degradation rate constant of organic matter increased with the increase of temperature and agitation rate, and the bioavailability increased with the increase of hydrodynamic conditions. The results of this paper can provide experimental support for improving the accuracy of water quality simulation calculation in water environment management.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)海洋化學(xué)理論與工程技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室化學(xué)化工學(xué)院;青島市環(huán)境保護(hù)科學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金委員會(huì)-山東省人民政府聯(lián)合資助海洋科學(xué)研究中心項(xiàng)目(U1406403)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：X55

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