本文選題：海洋環(huán)境 + 圍填海工程　； 參考：《大連理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：今天,在人類文明與經濟高速發(fā)展的同時,令人擔憂的是,人類也在面臨著日益嚴峻的環(huán)境污染問題。在城市化規(guī)模正以一種前所未有的速度發(fā)展的今天,大片耕地、森林被改建成為城鎮(zhèn)。而在人口壓力日趨增大的沿海城市中,人類又將發(fā)展的目光瞄準了海洋。進入二十世紀,在豐厚的經濟收益面前,大規(guī)模的填海造地活動在世界各地都呈現(xiàn)出方興未艾之勢,于此同時也產生了一些環(huán)境問題。 前人在研究圍填海工程可能對海洋環(huán)境造成的影響時,一般以單一的圍填海工程為研究對象,主要通過監(jiān)測某一項目建設前后附近區(qū)域海洋因子數(shù)據(jù)的變化情況推論得出圍填海工程對于海洋環(huán)境的影響情況,而一些相關的環(huán)評報告中,僅僅是以建設后的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)和規(guī)范標準進行對比,以證明圍填海工程對海洋環(huán)境的影響情況。本文將首次從循證角度出發(fā),運用Meta分析法探討圍填海工程建設后對海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響。 分析包括COD、SS、流速、PH、溶解氧、無機氮、磷酸鹽、Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb在內的11項環(huán)境影響因子在圍填海工程建設前后的變化情況,其中COD、PH的分析結果顯示在圍填海工程建成后有所下降(COD:MD=-0.51(-1.02,0.00; P=0.05), PH:MD=-0.07(-0.12,-0.01;P=0.01))。而溶解氧、磷酸鹽、Cd、Pb的分析結果顯示在圍填海工程建成后有所升高(溶解氧：MD=1.14(0.53,1.76；P=0.0003),磷酸鹽：MD=0.02(0.00,0.03；P=0.04), Cd:SMD=2.07(0.21,3.92; P=0.03), Pb:SMD=2.52(0.49,4.55; P=0.02))。 采用Meta分析的方法研究圍填海工程對所在區(qū)域海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響,為日后此類工程在環(huán)境影響評估中,提供一定的理論支持。同時更可以為Meta分析法在環(huán)境工程、土木工程等領域的研究提供一定的參考借鑒作用,為其他研究者提供一個全新的研究以及思考模式。
[Abstract]:Today, with the rapid development of human civilization and economy, it is worrying that mankind is facing increasingly serious environmental pollution. Today, the scale of urbanization is developing at an unprecedented rate, large areas of cultivated land and forests have been converted into towns. But in the coastal cities where population pressure is increasing day by day, human beings aim at the sea. In the 20th century, in the face of rich economic benefits, large-scale reclamation activities in all parts of the world show the trend of ascendancy, but also produced some environmental problems. In studying the possible impacts of reclamations on the marine environment, predecessors have generally taken a single reclamation project as the object of study. The effects of reclamation on the marine environment are inferred mainly by monitoring the changes of regional marine factor data in the vicinity of a project before and after the construction of the project, and in some relevant EIA reports, Only the monitoring data after construction are compared with the standard to prove the impact of reclamation on the marine environment. In this paper, for the first time, from the point of view of evidence, Meta analysis method is used to study the impact of reclamation on marine ecological environment. The changes of 11 environmental impact factors, including COD SSS, flow rate PH, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen, phosphate cu CD + Zn + Pb, before and after reclamation construction, were analyzed. The results of CODPH analysis showed that after the reclamation project was completed, there was a decrease in COD: MD-0.51- 1.020.00; P0.05, PHMD-0.07U -0.12U -0.01P0.01N. However, the analysis of dissolved oxygen, phosphate and CDU Pb showed that the amount of dissolved oxygen increased after the completion of the reclamation project (dissolved oxygen: 1. 14 / 1. 14 / 0.53 / 1. 76 / 1. 76 / 0.0003), phosphate: 0. 022 / 0. 00 / 0. 03 / P ~ (0.04), CD / S / MDT = 2. 07 / 0.21 / 3.92; P0. 03 / 1, Pb / M / M = 2. 52 / 0. 49 / 4.55; P = 0. 02 / 0. The Meta analysis method is used to study the impacts of reclamation projects on the marine ecological environment in the region, which provides certain theoretical support for the environmental impact assessment of such projects in the future. At the same time, it can provide some reference for Meta analysis in environmental engineering, civil engineering and other fields, and provide a new research and thinking mode for other researchers.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X82;P756.8

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