本文選題：海洋波浪 + 測(cè)波儀　； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：波浪是海洋中最常見的一種現(xiàn)象，波浪理論是物理海洋學(xué)科中研究的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域，波浪與海面大氣交換、碳循環(huán)等一系列的科研項(xiàng)目有著密不可分的關(guān)系；海浪也是海洋工程設(shè)計(jì)建造中最重要的動(dòng)力要素。長(zhǎng)期、連續(xù)的波浪觀測(cè)為這些災(zāi)害的預(yù)警提供了寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)，波浪的長(zhǎng)期觀測(cè)資料對(duì)降低由臺(tái)風(fēng)、海浪等海洋災(zāi)害造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失非常關(guān)鍵；波浪的監(jiān)測(cè)與特征值計(jì)算的結(jié)果不僅有助于研究波浪的形成、生長(zhǎng)模式，還有助于研究波浪的內(nèi)部構(gòu)成和外在特征。這些資料對(duì)研究解決海港和航道的淤積、港口的設(shè)計(jì)以及海洋石油平臺(tái)的建設(shè)等海洋工程提供了原始數(shù)據(jù)和必要的動(dòng)力參數(shù)。 論文首先介紹了，波浪監(jiān)測(cè)的各種方式方法和對(duì)應(yīng)的原理，并分析了它們各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，分析了波浪觀測(cè)儀器的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。介紹了有纜式測(cè)波儀、自容式測(cè)波的系統(tǒng)組成，以及各個(gè)組成部分的構(gòu)成和設(shè)計(jì)原理，以及部分硬件電路中器件的選型。為了解決聲學(xué)測(cè)波儀在大風(fēng)浪情況下，CW波脈沖回波信號(hào)能量弱，出現(xiàn)回波檢測(cè)不到或數(shù)據(jù)誤差較大的問題，將線性調(diào)頻信號(hào)相關(guān)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到測(cè)波儀中，重新設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)波儀采集系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)處理方法，對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了低功耗設(shè)計(jì)。改進(jìn)后的測(cè)波系統(tǒng)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室的試驗(yàn)證明，基本上解決了上述問題。 論文主要完成了如下幾個(gè)方面的工作： 1、分析課題任務(wù)書、以及要求的設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)，編寫了總體設(shè)計(jì)方案，，完成了值班電路、采集器、控制器的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)、相應(yīng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。 2、根據(jù)系統(tǒng)低功耗的特殊要求，采用了多種降低系統(tǒng)功耗的手段，達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)的要求。 3、根據(jù)工作水深的要求，進(jìn)行了高低功率發(fā)射機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)，并設(shè)計(jì)了自動(dòng)增益放大器，增加了回波信號(hào)的檢測(cè)概率。 4、完成了實(shí)驗(yàn)室水槽測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)，并對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析處理。
[Abstract]:Wave is the most common phenomenon in the ocean. Wave theory is an important research field in the physics and ocean science. Wave is closely related to a series of scientific research projects such as sea surface atmosphere exchange, carbon cycle and so on. Ocean wave is also the most important power element in ocean engineering design and construction. Long-term and continuous wave observation provides valuable data for early warning of these disasters. The long-term observation data of wave is very important to reduce the economic loss caused by typhoon, wave and other marine disasters. The results of wave monitoring and eigenvalue calculation are helpful not only to study the formation and growth model of waves, but also to study the internal and external characteristics of waves. These data provide the original data and necessary dynamic parameters for the study of seaport and channel siltation, port design and offshore oil platform construction. In this paper, the methods and principles of wave monitoring are introduced, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the development trend of wave observation instruments is analyzed. This paper introduces the system composition of the cable type wave measuring instrument, the self-contained wave measuring system, and the composition and design principle of each component, as well as the selection of the devices in some hardware circuits. In order to solve the problem that the energy of pulse echo signal of CW wave is weak and the echo can not be detected or the error of data is large, the correlation technology of linear frequency modulation signal is applied to the instrument. The acquisition system and data processing method of wave measuring instrument are redesigned, and the system is designed with low power consumption. The improved wave measurement system has been proved to solve the above problems by laboratory experiments. The main work of this thesis is as follows: 1. Analyze the task book and the design index, write the overall design scheme, complete the hardware circuit design of duty circuit, collector, controller, and the corresponding software design. 2. According to the special requirement of low power consumption, a variety of methods are adopted to reduce the power consumption of the system, which meets the design requirements. 3. According to the requirement of water depth, the high and low power transmitter is designed, and the automatic gain amplifier is designed, which increases the detection probability of echo signal. 4. The laboratory flume test was completed, and the test data were analyzed and processed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P714.1;P716.22

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